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101	Name:	Dr. Karl Kaiser
	Institution:	Harvard University; University of Bonn
	Year Elected:	2007
	Class:	5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
	Subdivision:	503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1934

	Karl Kaiser is Director of the Program on Transatlantic Relations at the Weatherhead Center for International Affairs and Adjunct Professor of Public Policy at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University as well as a Senior Scholar of the German Council on Foreign Relations in Berlin. He was born in Germany in 1934 and studied economics and political science at Cologne University (Degree of Diplom-Kaufmann, 1954-58). He conducted graduate studies at the University of Grenoble (D.E.S. de Science Politique, 1958-59) and Oxford University (Nuffield College, 1961-63), simultaneously receiving a Ph.D. from Cologne University (Dr.rer.pol.). He subsequently worked at Harvard University, first for Henry Kissinger, then as Research Associate at the Center for International Affairs, Head Tutor in Social Studies and Lecturer in Government (1963-68). He has also served at Harvard several times as a visiting professor. Later, he held professorships at Johns Hopkins University in Bologna (Italy), the Hebrew University and the Universities of Saarbrucken, Cologne, Florence and Bonn. From 1973-2003 he was Otto-Wolff-Director of the German Council on Foreign Relations, Bonn/Berlin. Dr. Kaiser has also served as a member of the Federal Commission for the Reform of the Federal Armed Services, the Council of Environmental Advisors of Germany and on several commissions of enquiry of the German Parliament, testimonials in the German and Dutch Parliaments, the U.S. Senate Armed Services Committee and the House Subcommittee on European Affairs of the U.S. Congress. He has also been an occasional political advisor to German Chancellors Willy Brandt and Helmut Schmidt and to Foreign Minister Hans-Dietrich Genscher. Karl Kaiser is the author and/or editor of several hundred articles and fifty books in the fields of world affairs, German, French, British and U.S. foreign policy, East-West relations, nuclear proliferation, strategic theory, international economics and international environmental policy. His latest edited volume is entitled Asia and Europe: The Necessity for Cooperation (2004). Among his latest articles is "Indispensable NATO" in: Internationale Politik, Global Edition (summer 2008). Dr. Kaiser has been named an Honorary Doctor of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Commander of the British Empire (UK) and Officier de la Légion d'Honneur(F), Order of Merit 1st Class (D), Order of Merit 1st Class (Pl). His many awards include the Prix Bentinck and the Atlantic Award of NATO.

102	Name:	Dr. Eugene Patrick Kennedy
	Institution:	Harvard University
	Year Elected:	1993
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Subdivision:	201. Molecular Biology and Biochemistry
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1919
	Death Date:	September 22, 2011

	Eugene Patrick Kennedy was born in Chicago in 1919. He enrolled at De Paul University in 1937 as a chemistry major and then went to the University of Chicago in 1941 for graduate training in organic chemistry. To pay his tuition, Dr. Kennedy also got a job in the chemical research department of Armour and Company, one of the large meat packers in Chicago. As part of the war effort, his job at Armour was to assist in the large scale fractionation of bovine blood to obtain pure bovine serum albumin. It was believed that the bovine serum albumin might be useful for treating shock in soldiers on the battlefield. However, by the end of 1942, hope had faded that bovine serum albumin would be an effective treatment, and the Red Cross started to collect blood from volunteers instead. Armour opened a new facility in Fort Worth, Texas for the fractionation of human blood from donors, and Kennedy was sent to Fort Worth to assist in this effort. He remained in Texas until 1945, when the war was nearing its end and large amounts of human plasma proteins had been stockpiled. Returning to the University of Chicago, Dr. Kennedy immediately transferred from the Department of Chemistry to the Department of Biochemistry. His experience on the plasma project had led to a new appreciation of biochemistry. After finishing graduate school, Dr. Kennedy went to the University of California, Berkeley, to work with Horace A. Barker, who had just discovered that soluble extracts of Clostridium kluyveri cells could produce short-chain fatty acids from ethyl alcohol. Although the initial discovery had already been made, there was much to be learned about these extracts, and Dr. Kennedy aided in this effort. In 1950, he joined Fritz Lipmann at Harvard Medical School. He then returned to the University of Chicago in 1951, after being given a joint appointment in the Department of Biochemistry and the newly organized Ben May Laboratory for Cancer Research. In 1959, he was invited to become a Hamilton Kuhn Professor and head of the Department of Biological Chemistry at the Harvard Medical School. Over the course of his career, Dr. Kennedy made major contributions to the biosynthesis of phospholipids, the basic component of all membranes, and to our understanding of membrane function. He discovered the first step of phospholipid synthesis, the reaction of cytidine triphosphate and phosphorylcholine to form cytidine diphosphocholine, as well as the enzyme which catalyzes the reaction. It was Dr. Kennedy who found that a protein, permease, was responsible for the transport of sugars through the bacterial membrane. His research consistently elucidated the structure, localization and biosynthesis of oligosaccharides derived from membranes. Dr. Kennedy's interests also led him to investigate membrane biogenesis and function in bacteria, the translocation of membrane phospholipids, and periplasmic glucans and cell signaling in bacteria. He was the recipient of many honors including the Gairdner Foundation Award and the American Chemical Society's Paul Lewis Award. He was a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences. Eugene Patrick Kennedy died on September 22, 2011, at the age of 92 in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Dr. Kennedy was at Harvard as the Hamilton Kuhn Professor of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Emeritus.

103	Name:	Dr. Randall Kennedy
	Institution:	Harvard Law School
	Year Elected:	1998
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	304. Jurisprudence and Political Science
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1954

	Randall Kennedy is a creative thinker whose work reaches beyond the usual boundaries of legal scholarship into the social sciences and the analysis of contemporary American society. In the noisy thicket of the Harvard Law School these last years, he remains balanced, constructive, and civil, detached from the ideologies of the far left and right. On issues of race and of the relationship between the states and the federal government in this country, his is an analytical and increasingly influential voice. His legal and historical studies in the Harvard Law Review and the Yale Law Journal are supplemented by his book, Race, Crime and the Law, in which he discusses highly complex issues of the greatest importance to our country in a manner that the New York Times characterized as "all encompassing in its transracial humanity." Dr. Kennedy is also the author of Nigger: The Strange Career of a Troublesome Word (2002); Interracial Intimacies: Sex, Marriage, Identity and Adoption (2003); Sellout: The Politics of Racial Betrayal (2008); The Persistence of the Color Line: Racial Politics and the Obama Presidency (2011); and For Discrimination: Race, Affirmative Action, and the Law (2013). He has served on the Harvard Law School faculty since 1984 and has been Michael R. Klein Professor of Law since 2005.

104	Name:	Dr. Seymour S. Kety
	Institution:	Harvard University
	Year Elected:	1975
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Subdivision:	209. Neurobiology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1915
	Death Date:	May 25, 2000

105	Name:	Dr. Marc Kirschner
	Institution:	Harvard University
	Year Elected:	2021
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Subdivision:	202. Cellular and Developmental Biology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1945

	Marc Kirschner is the John Franklin Enders University Professor at Harvard University. He earned his Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley in 1971. Prior to arriving at Harvard, he taught at Princeton University from 1972 to 1978 and the University of California, San Francisco from 1978 to 1993. In 1993, he moved to Harvard Medical School (HMS), where he served as the Chair of the new Department of Cell Biology for a decade. He became the Founding Chair of the HMS Department of Systems Biology in 2003. Kirschner pioneered at least three fundamental and general concepts that help explain how biology organizes information spatially and temporally. He is a biochemist by training, but has always had a strong interest in using mathematics and physical principles to understand biology at a deeper level. In his game-changing research on the cytoskeleton, Kirschner discovered that microtubules explore space randomly and selectively reinforce productive connections, a concept at the crux of connectivity in the brain, angiogenesis, and many other processes. In his work on the cell cycle, he identified an autonomous oscillation that entrains the order of downstream events. The circadian clock and the vertebrate somite segmentation clock use similar principles. In frog embryo development, he found that a locally produced factor, FGF, provides instructions that induce a region of tissue to adopt a new fate; this discovery informed much of our understanding of developmental patterning. These seminal discoveries, and the technologies he developed to enable them, have been profoundly influential throughout biology and establish him as one of the great experimental biologists of all time. Kirschner has also been an advocate for federal biomedical research funding and served as first chair of the Joint Steering Committee for Public Policy, a coalition of scientific societies he helped create in 1993 to educate the U.S. Congress on biomedical research and lobby for public funding of it. Kirschner helped launch the monthly, peer-reviewed journal PLoS Biology in October 2003 as a member of the editorial board and senior author of a paper in the inaugural issue. He received the Richard Lounsbery Award in 1991, the Gairdner Foundation International Award in 2001, the American Society for Cell Biology's E.B. Wilson Medal in 2003, Carnegie Mellon University's Dickson Prize for Science in 2004, and Technion's Harvey Prize in 2015, the American Society for Cell Biology's Public Service Award in 1996, the William C. Rose Award, American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology in 2001, the Rabbi Shai Shacknai Memorial Prize in Immunology and Cancer Research in 2003, and Carnegie Mellon University's Dickson Prize for Science in 2004. He was President of the American Society for Cell Biology from 1990 to 199. He has been a member of the National Academy of Sciences since 1989, the American Academy of Arts & Sciences since 1989, the Royal Society of London since 1999, and the Academia Europaea since 1999. Kirschner was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2021.

106	Name:	Dr. Robert P. Kirshner
	Institution:	Thirty Meter Telescope International Observatory; Harvard University
	Year Elected:	2005
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Subdivision:	101. Astronomy
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1949

	Robert Kirshner is best known for his observational studies of supernovae, which helped provide the scientific grounding for the teams investigating these extraordinarily distant lighthouses, and this in turn led to the surprising conclusion that the expansion of the universe is accelerating, probably the most significant cosmological discovery of the past decade. His previous work included important research on the large scale distribution of galaxies. A lively and entertaining lecturer, he teaches Harvard University's largest core course in the mathematical sciences. When applying for graduate school at Harvard, he was denied admission on the grounds that he was interested in too many things to be serious about astronomy; he later became Chair of the Harvard Astronomy Department, and he is president of the American Astronomical Society. Dr. Kirshner presently holds the titles of Clowes Professor of Science at Harvard University and Master of Quincy House at Harvard College. He received his Ph.D. in 1976 from the California Institute of Technology and was elected to the membership of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences in 1992 and the National Academy of Sciences in 1998. In 2012 he received a Guggenheim Fellowship. He received the James Craig Watson Medal of the National Academy of Sciences in 2014 and the Wolf Prize in 2015.

107	Name:	Dr. Ernst Kitzinger
	Institution:	Harvard University
	Year Elected:	1967
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Subdivision:	404. History of the Arts, Literature, Religion and Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1912
	Death Date:	January 22, 2003

108	Name:	Dr. Jeremy R. Knowles
	Institution:	Harvard University
	Year Elected:	1988
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Subdivision:	102. Chemistry and Chemical Biochemistry
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1935
	Death Date:	April 3, 2008

109	Name:	Dr. Joseph Leo Koerner
	Institution:	Harvard University
	Year Elected:	2008
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Subdivision:	401. Archaeology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1958

	Born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and raised there and in Vienna, Joseph Leo Koerner studied at Yale University (B.A. 1980), Cambridge University (M.A. 1982), University of Heidelberg (1982-3), and University of California at Berkeley (M.A. 1985, Ph.D. 1988). After three years at the Society of Fellows, Harvard University (1986-9), he joined the Harvard faculty, where he was Professor of History of Art and Architecture until 1999. 1999-2000 he was Professor of Modern Art History at the University of Frankfurt; in 2000 he moved to London, where he was Professor first at University College London (until 2004), then at the Courtauld Institute of Art (until 2007). Koerner organized teaching exhibitions at Harvard on Early Netherlandish Painting (1990), German Renaissance Art (1993), Pieter Bruegel (1995) and Netherlandish prints 1550-1675 (1999). At the Austrian National Gallery in 1997, he curated a retrospective of the work of his father, the painter Henry Koerner. In 2002, he collaborated with Bruno Latour and others on the exhibition Iconoclash: Beyond the Image Wars at the Center for Art and Media in Karlsruhe. His books include Die Suche nach dem Labyrinth--Der Mythos von Daedalus und Ikarus (1983), Caspar David Friedrich and the Subject of Landscape (1990), The Moment of Self-Portraiture in German Renaissance Art (1993), and The Reformation of the Image (2004). Koerner wrote and presented the three-part series Northern Renaissance for BBC Television. He also wrote and presented the BBC feature-length documentary Vienna: City of Dreams. Koerner was awarded the Jan Mitchell Prize for the History of Art in 1992. He has been a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences since 1995. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2008. In 2009 he was award a Distinguished Achievement Award from the Andrew W Mellon Foundation. He is a Senior Fellow at Harvard's Society of Fellows.

110	Name:	Mr. Rem Koolhaas
	Institution:	OMA; Harvard University
	Year Elected:	2014
	Class:	5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
	Subdivision:	502. Physicians, Theologians, Lawyers, Jurists, Architects, and Members of Other Professions
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1944

111	Name:	Dr. Stanley J. Korsmeyer
	Institution:	Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Harvard Medical School
	Year Elected:	2002
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Subdivision:	202. Cellular and Developmental Biology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1950
	Death Date:	March 31, 2005

112	Name:	Dr. David I. Laibson
	Institution:	Harvard University; National Institutes of Health
	Year Elected:	2022
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	302. Economics
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1966

	David Laibson is the Robert I. Goldman Professor of Economics, the Faculty Dean of Lowell House, and leader of the Foundations of Human Behavior Initiative at Harvard University. He has spent the majority of his career at Harvard, including as Harvard College Professor from 2008 to 2013, and chair of the Department of Economics from 2015 to 2018. He earned his Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1994. Laibsonʼs research focuses on the topic of behavioral economics, with emphasis on intertemporal choice, self-regulation, behavior change, household finance, public finance, macroeconomics, asset pricing, aging, and biosocial science. Laibson is a member of the National Bureau of Economic Research, where he directs the National Institute of Aging Roybal Center for Behavior Change in Health and Savings, and is a Research Associate in the Aging, Asset Pricing, and Economic Fluctuations Working Groups. He serves on Harvardʼs Pension Investment Committee and on the Board of the Russell Sage Foundation, where he chairs the finance committee. Laibson serves on the advisory boards of the Social Science Genetics Association Consortium and the Consumer Finance Institute of the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia. Laibson has served as a member of the Academic Research Council of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. Laibson is a recipient of a Marshall Scholarship, a two-time recipient of the TIAA-CREF Paul A. Samuelson Award for Outstanding Scholarly Writing on Lifelong Financial Security, and a recipient of Harvardʼs ΦΒΚ Prize. He is a fellow of the Econometric Society, and a member of both the American Academy of Arts & Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2022.

113	Name:	Dr. David S. Landes
	Institution:	Harvard University
	Year Elected:	1982
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1924
	Death Date:	August 17, 2013

	David Landes received his Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1953. He taught economics at Columbia University (1952-58) and economics and history at the University of California, Berkeley (1958-64) before returning to Harvard as a professor of history in 1964. He has taught at Harvard ever since as professor of history (1964-72), Roy B. Williams Professor of History and Politics (1972-75), Robert Walton Gallet Professor of French History (1975-81) and Coolidge Professor of History (1981-1997), Emeritus (1997-). Early on, Dr. Landes established his reputation through studies on nineteenth century French and German banking, the best known of which was a study of French investment in Egypt. He is the author of numerous books, including The Unbound Prometheus: Technological Change and Industrial Development in Western Europe, 1750 to the Present (1969), The Wealth and Poverty of Nations (1998), Revolution in Time (2000), and Fortunes and Misfortunes of the World's Great Family Businesses (2006). In addition to his distinguished career at Harvard, Dr. Landes also presided over the Economic History Association and chaired the Council on Research in Economic History. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1982. David Landes died August 17, 2013, at the age of 89 in Haverford, Pennsylvania.

114	Name:	Dr. Sara Lawrence-Lightfoot
	Institution:	Harvard University
	Year Elected:	2008
	Class:	5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
	Subdivision:	503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1944

	Sara Lawrence-Lightfoot, a sociologist, is a professor of education at Harvard University. She did her undergraduate work in psychology at Swarthmore College (1962-66); studied child development and teaching at Bank Street College of Education (1966-67); and did her doctoral work in sociology of education at Harvard (1968-72). Since joining the faculty at Harvard in 1972, she has been interested in studying the culture of schools, the patterns and structures of classroom life, the relationships between adult developmental themes and teachers' work, and socialization within families, communities and schools. Lawrence-Lightfoot is a prolific author of numerous articles, monographs, and chapters. She has written eight books: Worlds Apart: Relationships Between Families and Schools (1978); Beyond Bias: Perspectives on Classrooms (with Jean Carew, 1979); and The Good High School: Portraits of Character and Culture (1983), which received the 1984 Outstanding Book Award from the American Educational Research Association. Her book Balm in Gilead: Journey of a Healer (1988), which won the 1988 Christopher Award, given for "literary merit and humanitarian achievement," was followed by I've Known Rivers: Lives of Loss and Liberation (1994), and The Art and Science of Portraiture (with Jessica Hoffman Davis, 1997), which documents her pioneering approach to social science methodology -- one that bridges the realms of aesthetics and empiricism. In Respect: An Exploration (1999) Lawrence-Lightfoot reaches deep into human experience to find the essence of this powerful quality. Her newest book, The Essential Conversation: What Parents and Teachers Can Learn from Each Other (2003), captures the crucial exchange that occurs between parents and teachers across our country an estimated 100 million times a year -- a dialogue that is both mirror and metaphor for the cultural forces that shape the socialization of our children. In addition to her teaching, research, and writing, Lawrence-Lightfoot sits on numerous professional committees and boards of directors, including the Atlantic Philanthropies; the National Academy of Education; WGBH; Bright Horizons Family Solutions; and the Berklee College of Music. She is former chair of the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Board of Directors. Lawrence-Lightfoot has been a fellow at the Bunting Institute at Radcliffe College and at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University. In 1984, she was the recipient of the prestigious MacArthur Prize Award, and in 1993 she was awarded Harvard's George Ledlie Prize given for research that makes the "most valuable contribution to science" and "the benefit of mankind," and in 1995 she became a Spencer Senior Scholar. Lawrence-Lightfoot has been the recipient of 26 honorary degrees from colleges and universities in the United States and Canada. In 1993 the Sara Lawrence-Lightfoot Chair, an endowed professorship at Swarthmore College, was named in her honor. And in 1998, she was the recipient of the Emily Hargroves Fisher Endowed Chair at Harvard University, which upon her retirement will become the Sara Lawrence-Lightfoot Endowed Chair, making her the first African-American woman in Harvard's history to have an endowed professorship named in her honor. Lawrence-Lightfoot was recently named the 2008 Margaret Mead Fellow by the American Academy of Political and Social Science. She was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2008.

115	Name:	Dr. Alexander H. Leighton
	Institution:	Harvard University & Dalhousie University
	Year Elected:	1950
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Subdivision:	403. Cultural Anthropology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1908
	Death Date:	August 11, 2007

116	Name:	Dr. Jill Lepore
	Institution:	Harvard University; The New Yorker
	Year Elected:	2014
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1966

	Jill Lepore is the David Woods Kemper ’41 Professor of American History at Harvard University. She is also a staff writer at The New Yorker, where she writes about American history, politics, and culture. Lepore's research focuses on the histories of war and violence and of language and literacy. Much of her writing explores absences and asymmetries of evidence in the historical record. Lepore received a B.A. in English from Tufts University in 1987, an M.A. in American Culture from the University of Michigan in 1990, and a Ph.D. in American Studies from Yale University in 1995. She joined the Harvard History Department in 2003 and was Chair of the History and Literature Program in 2005-10, 2012, and 2014. In 2012, she was named Harvard College Professor, in recognition of distinction in undergraduate teaching. In 2014, she was elected to the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. She is the author of Book of Ages: The Life and Opinions of Jane Franklin (2013), Time magazine's Best Nonfiction Book of the Year, a finalist for the 2013 National Book Award for Nonfiction, and winner of the Mark Lynton Prize. Among her other books are The Story of America: Essays on Origins (2012), The Secret History of Wonder Woman (2014), These Truths: A History of the United States (2018), The Case for the Nation (2019), and If Then: How the Simulmatics Corporation Invented the Future (2020). Jill Lepore was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2014.

117	Name:	Dr. Lawrence Lessig
	Institution:	Harvard Law School
	Year Elected:	2007
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	304. Jurisprudence and Political Science
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1961

	Perhaps the world's leading scholar of law and the Internet, Lawrence Lessig is an expert on the effects of new digital technologies on traditional assumptions about copyright and constitutional law. His dazzling contributions to public debate about the balance between ownership of intellectual property and freedom of ideas extend beyond the academy. Author of three pioneering books and numerous articles on ideas and innovation in cyberspace, he is also the founder of Creative Commons, an international consortium of artists, scholars and writers who agree to allow others to use their work more broadly than ordinary copyright permits. In updating his now-classic book, Code and Other Laws of Cyberspace, he invited readers to contribute to the editing process itself, expanding the definition of a commons from physical space to the world of ideas. Lessig was a Professor of Law at Stanford Law School and founder of the school's Center for Internet and Society before he was appointed professor of law at Harvard Law School and director of the Edmond J. Safra Foundation Center for Ethics at Harvard 2009 to 2015. He is currently Roy L. Furman Professor of Law and Leadership at Harvard Law School. Dr. Lessig previously served on the faculty of Harvard Law School, where he was the Berkman Professor of Law, and he has also taught at the University of Chicago. Professor Lessig earned a BA in economics and a BS in management from the University of Pennsylvania, an MA in philosophy from Cambridge, and a JD from Yale. He clerked for Judge Richard Posner on the 7th Circuit Court of Appeals and Justice Antonin Scalia on the United States Supreme Court. Professor Lessig represented web site operator Eric Eldred in the ground-breaking case Eldred v. Ashcroft, a challenge to the 1998 Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act. Professor Lessig is the author of The Future of Ideas (2001), Code and Other Laws of Cyberspace (1999), Free Culture (2004), Republic, Lost: How Money Corrupts Congress - and a Plan to Stop It (2011), and America, Compromised (2018). He serves on the board of the Free Software Foundation, the Electronic Frontier Foundation, the Public Library of Science, and Public Knowledge. He is also a columnist for Wired. Lessig has won numerous awards, including the Free Software Foundation's Freedom Award, and was named one of Scientific American's Top 50 Visionaries, for arguing "against interpretations of copyright that could stifle innovation and discourse online." He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2007.

118	Name:	Dr. Harry Levin
	Institution:	Harvard University
	Year Elected:	1961
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Subdivision:	402. Criticism: Arts and Letters
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1912
	Death Date:	5/29/94

119	Name:	Dr. Barbara Kiefer Lewalski
	Institution:	Harvard University
	Year Elected:	1986
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Subdivision:	405. History and Philology, East and West, through the 17th Century
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1931
	Death Date:	March 2, 2018

	William R. Kenan Professor of English Literature and of History and Literature, Emeritus at Harvard University, Barbara Kiefer Lewalski was highly regarded for her scholarship on Renaissance literary genres, the poets John Milton and John Donne, and her balanced appreciation of female writers and patrons in the English Renaissance. She authored numerous books, including Protestant Poetics and the Seventeenth-Century Religious Lyric (1979), Paradise Lost and the Rhetoric of Literary Forms (1985), Writing Women in Jacobean England, 1603-1625 (1993), and The Life of John Milton: A Critical Biography (2000). She was also the recipient of prestigious awards including two Guggenheim Fellowships, a NEH Senior Fellowship, and three Huntington Library Fellowships. Dr. Lewalski received a Ph.D. from the University of Chicago and, prior to joining the Harvard faculty, she taught at Wellesley College (1954-56) and Brown University (1956-76). Dr. Lewalski was a past president of the Milton Society of America and has edited texts such as Major Poets of the Earlier Seventeenth Century and Milton, Paradise Lost (2008). She served on the Harvard faculty 1982 until 2015 when she became professor emerita. Barbara Lewalski died March 2, 2018, at the age of 87 in Providence, Rhode Island.

120	Name:	Dr. Wai-yee Li
	Institution:	Harvard University
	Year Elected:	2023
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Subdivision:	402b
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1959

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