American Philosophical Society
Member History

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1Name:  Dr. Kenneth J. Arrow
 Institution:  Stanford University
 Year Elected:  1968
 Class:  3. Social Sciences
 Subdivision:  302. Economics
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1921
 Death Date:  February 21, 2017
   
 
Kenneth Arrow was born in 1921 and brought up in New York City and its surroundings. He graduated from City College of New York in 1940 and went for graduate study in mathematics and economics at Columbia University, receiving an M.A. in mathematics in 1941 and a Ph.D. in economics in 1951. He served as a weather officer in the United States Army Air Forces (1942-46), retiring with the rank of captain. Dr. Arrow's academic career started as Research Associate at the Cowles Commission for Research in Economics (1947-49) and continued as Assistant Professor of Economics at the University of Chicago (1948-49). In 1949 he moved to Stanford University, serving as Assistant, Associate and full Professor of Economics, Statistics, and Operations Research through 1968 when he joined the Harvard University faculty as Professor of Economics and then James Bryant Conant University Professor (1968-79). In 1979 Dr. Arrow returned to Stanford as Professor of Economics and Operations Research at Stanford University (1979-91) and, subsequently, Emeritus Professor (1991- ). He had written, alone or with collaborators, 22 books, 254 technical papers, and 31 non-technical articles, edited or co-edited 22 books, and participated in 11 collective studies on policy issues. His particular interests included the theory of social choice and justice, general equilibrium theory, medical economics, the economics of individual choice, risk-bearing, the economics of information, inventory analysis, capital and growth theory, economics of social interaction, environmental economics, sequential statistical analysis, and the use of winds in flight planning. Dr. Arrow received several honors, including the John Bates Clark Medal of the American Economic Association (1957), the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Science (1972), the von Neumann Prize (1986), the 2nd Class Order of the Rising Sun (1984), the National Medal of Science (2004), and a number of honorary degrees. He had also been president of several learned societies and served as member and Chair of the Stanford University Senate and the Stanford Faculty Advisory Board. Kenneth Arrow died February 21, 2017, at age 95 at home in Palo Alto, California.
 
2Name:  Dr. Carlos Chagas
 Institution:  Univeridade Federal de Rio de Janeiro
 Year Elected:  1968
 Class:  2. Biological Sciences
 Subdivision:  209. Neurobiology
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1910
 Death Date:  February 16, 2000
   
3Name:  Pierre Courcelle
 Year Elected:  1968
 Class:  4. Humanities
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1912
 Death Date:  7/25/80
   
4Name:  Professor Manfred Eigen
 Institution:  Max Planck Institute
 Year Elected:  1968
 Class:  1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
 Subdivision:  102. Chemistry and Chemical Biochemistry
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1927
 Death Date:  February 6, 2019
   
 
German biophysicist Manfred Eigen was the director of the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry. Recognized throughout the world for his outstanding work in the field of chemical kinetics, he received the Nobel Prize in 1967, along with Ronald George Wreyford Norrish and George Porter, for his study of extremely fast chemical reactions induced in response to very short pulses of energy. He also made significant contributions to the theory of the chemical hypercycle, the cyclic linkage of reaction cycles as an explanation for the self-organization of pre-biotic systems. A member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, Dr. Eigen was the recipient of many awards, including the Otto Hahn Prize for Chemistry and Physics and the Kirkwood Medal and Harrison How Award of the American Chemical Society. In addition to his standing as a preeminent scientist, Dr. Eigen was also known for his courteous manner and his love of the piano, which he often played with chamber groups. Manfred Eigen died February 6, 2019 in Goettingen, Germany at the age of 91.
 
5Name:  Edward E. Evans-Pritchard
 Year Elected:  1968
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1902
 Death Date:  9/--/73
   
6Name:  Sir Ernst H. Gombrich
 Institution:  University of London
 Year Elected:  1968
 Class:  4. Humanities
 Subdivision:  404. History of the Arts, Literature, Religion and Sciences
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1909
 Death Date:  November 3, 2001
   
7Name:  Dr. Jesse L. Greenstein
 Institution:  California Institute of Technology
 Year Elected:  1968
 Class:  1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
 Subdivision:  101. Astronomy
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1909
 Death Date:  October 21, 2002
   
8Name:  Gustave E. von Grunebaum
 Year Elected:  1968
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1909
 Death Date:  2/27/72
   
9Name:  Dr. Michael Heidelberger
 Institution:  New York University
 Year Elected:  1968
 Class:  2. Biological Sciences
 Subdivision:  204. Medicine, Surgery, Pathology and Immunology
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1888
 Death Date:  6/25/91
   
10Name:  Dr. Neal E. Miller
 Institution:  Rockefeller University & Yale University
 Year Elected:  1968
 Class:  2. Biological Sciences
 Subdivision:  210. Behavioral Biology, Psychology, Ethology, and Animal Behavior
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1909
 Death Date:  March 23, 2002
   
11Name:  Sen. Daniel P. Moynihan
 Institution:  Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars
 Year Elected:  1968
 Class:  3. Social Sciences
 Subdivision:  304. Jurisprudence and Political Science
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1927
 Death Date:  March 26, 2003
   
12Name:  Dr. Max F. Perutz
 Institution:  University of Cambridge
 Year Elected:  1968
 Class:  1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
 Subdivision:  102. Chemistry and Chemical Biochemistry
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1914
 Death Date:  February 6, 2002
   
13Name:  Dr. Athelstan F. Spilhaus
 Institution:  Pan Geo, Inc.
 Year Elected:  1968
 Class:  1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
 Subdivision:  105. Physical Earth Sciences
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1911
 Death Date:  3/30/98
   
14Name:  Dr. Lynn T. White
 Year Elected:  1968
 Class:  4. Humanities
 Subdivision:  404. History of the Arts, Literature, Religion and Sciences
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1907
 Death Date:  3/30/87
   
Election Year
1968[X]