American Philosophical Society
Member History

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1Name:  Dr. Carl G. Groth
 Institution:  Karolinska Institute
 Year Elected:  2004
 Class:  2. Biological Sciences
 Subdivision:  204. Medicine, Surgery, Pathology and Immunology
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1933
 Death Date:  February 16, 2014
   
 
Carl G. Groth, MD, Phd, Professor Emeritus of Transplantation Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden, graduated from the Karolinska Institute, where he obtained his MD and PhD. Between 1966 and 1972 Groth was assigned to the Department of Surgery at the University of Colorado Medical School, first as an NIH international Post doctoral Fellow and later, as an Associate Professor of Surgery. At this department the first successful human liver transplantation in the world was carried out in 1967 by Dr. Thomas Strazl. Groth was a key member of Strazl's surgical team. Groth served as the Chairman of the Department of Transplantation Surgery at Huddinge Hospital in Stockholm from 1976 to 1995. He was appointed Professor of Transplantation Surgery at the Karolinska Institute in 1984, from which position he retired in 2000. His life time work focused on clinical kidney, liver and pancreas transplantations. He performed pioneer work in pancreatic transplantation as a means to treat patients with type 1 diabetes, particularly with regard to surgical techniques and the effects of the transplantation in the secondary complications of the disease. He has also led a number of highly important studies in transplant patients, examining the new immunosuppressive agents that became available in the 1990's. He performed some unique studies in xenotranspantation, including a pilot trial which fetal pig islets were transplanted to diabetic patients. Groth served as a principal investigator on numerous research projects including two major consortium grants (from Novartis Pharma and the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) on pig islet transplantation as a means to treat diabetes. He edited the fist monograph on pancreatic transplantation in 1988. His work includes approximately 700 scientific articles and some 25 book chapters. Groth served as President of the Transplantation Society in 2001-2002. He was the founding President of the International Pancreas and Islet Transplant Association and the International Xenotransplantation Association. He was an Honorary Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, the American Surgical Association, the American Society of Transplant Surgeons and the Swedish Society for Gastroenterology. In 1998 he was awarded the King's Medal for outstanding achievement in transplantation. He has also received the Medawar Prize, the foremost International Award in transplantation (2006) and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons Pioneer Award (2008). In 2005 he became a member of the World Health Organization's expert advisory panel on cell, tissue and organ transplantation. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society om 2004. Carl G. Groth died February 16, 2014, at the age of 80, in Stockholm, Sweden.
 
2Name:  Dr. Caroline Humphrey
 Institution:  University of Cambridge
 Year Elected:  2004
 Class:  4. Humanities
 Subdivision:  407. Philosophy
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1943
   
 
Caroline Humphrey is, clear and away, the foremost Western social anthropologist working on the Soviet Union/Russia, said no less an authority than fellow APS member Clifford Geertz, who reviewed Humphrey's classic work on the social and cultural complexities of a Siberian collective for the New Republic. Her wide-ranging scholarship of Asian populations and Mongol shamanism have further consolidated her position as the pre-eminent social anthropologist in her field. She is particularly known for her work on nomadic life in East Asia, its decline and the changing status of women in those societies; Russia's new criminal class; as well as her long interest in the Jain society, an ancient, ritualistic, non-Brahminical East Indian sect. Dr. Humphrey's fluency in Russian and Mongolian and her understanding of Tibetan, Hindi and Napali have further assisted her penetrating studies. Equally remarkable are her communication skills among scholars and the public, whether by lectures or through widely-acclaimed documentary films. Dr. Humphrey is a Fellow of King's College and has served as Sigrid Rausing Professor of Collaborative Anthropology at Cambridge since 2006. She has won the Staley Prize in Anthropology (1990), the Royal Anthropological Institute's Rivers Memorial Medal (1999) and the Heldt Prize (2002) and is the author of Karl Marx Collective: Economy, Society and Religion in Siberian Collective Farm (1983); Shamans and Elders: Experience, Knowledge and Power among the Daur Mongols (1996); and (with D. Sneath) The End of Nomadism? Society, State and the Environment in Inner Asia (1999).
 
3Name:  Dr. Willem J. M. Levelt
 Institution:  Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences; Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics; Nijmegen University
 Year Elected:  2004
 Class:  3. Social Sciences
 Subdivision:  305
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1938
   
 
Willem "Pim" Levelt's own research and his strong intellectual leadership of the Max Planck Institute made it the leading center in the world for psycholinguistic research. He served at its Director 1980-2006. Dr. Levelt's work on lexical access in speech production and related topics is outstanding. His 1989 book, Speaking, and his many research articles on all aspects of speech production have brought him recognition as one of the world's leading psycholinguists. He has, in addition, played a broad and important role in the organization and development of Dutch social sciences. Recognition of this fact is evident in his election as president of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts & Sciences, which he served 2002-2005.
 
4Name:  Dr. Massimo Livi-Bacci
 Institution:  University of Florence
 Year Elected:  2004
 Class:  3. Social Sciences
 Subdivision:  301. Anthropology, Demography, Psychology, and Sociology
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1936
   
 
Massimo Livi-Bacci is a leading demographic historian. He has written the fundamental demographic histories of both Italy and Portugal, using province-level records of vital statistics and censuses. In The Population of Europe: A History he has produced a masterful synthesis of European demographic history, one that emphasizes the exogenous role of disease. His Concise History of World Population encapsulates the vast sweep of human demographic history in a graceful way that does justice to the subject's complexity. Dr. Livi-Bacci has contributed important analytic papers on the social reaction to mortality crises in Italy, the demographic response to Columbus' arrival in Hispaniola, and other subjects. Since 1984 he has been Professor of Demography, Faculty of Political Science "Cesare Alfieri," at the University of Florence.
 
5Name:  Sir Colin Lucas
 Institution:  University of Oxford
 Year Elected:  2004
 Class:  5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
 Subdivision:  503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1940
   
 
Sir Colin Lucas studied at Lincoln College, Oxford for his undergraduate and graduate degrees and then taught at the Universities of Sheffield and Manchester before returning to Oxford in 1973 as a Fellow and Tutor in Modern History at Balliol College. He is a specialist in the history of eighteenth-century France, principally the French Revolution. His research interests include terror, revolutionary and popular violence, the causes of revolution, and practices of democratic politics in situations of stress. Sir Colin left Oxford in 1990 to become Professor of History and then Dean of the Division of Social Sciences at the University of Chicago, and returned as Master of Balliol College, a position he held between 1994 and 2001. He was appointed Vice-Chancellor (president) of the University of Oxford in 1997 - the first Oxford Vice-Chancellor to serve for seven years - and has implemented and overseen the extensive changes in governance of the University which have taken place since 2000. These included the adoption of external members of the University's Council, radical restructuring of the committee system, divisionalisation of academic departments, and new resource allocation and financial management systems. He held a number of other offices within the University, including the Chairmanship of OUP. During his term of office Sir Colin also established and chaired a University working party on Access, which reported in 1999. He was elected member of the Executive Committee of Universities UK, the representative body for UK higher education institutions, and he also chaired the Milton Keynes, Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire AimHigher Programme, established to encourage wider participation in higher education. In 2001 he became the first non-US trustee of the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. Sir Colin is a member of the Board of the British Library and is also Education Advisor to the State Governor of Guangdong Province in China. He holds honorary doctorates from the University of Lyon-II in France, The University of Sheffield, the University of Glasgow, the University of Western Australia, Princeton University, Peking University, St. Francis Xavier University, Nova Scotia and Oxford Brookes University. He is a Fellow of All Souls College, and an Honorary Fellow of Lincoln College and Balliol College, Oxford. Sir Colin stepped down as Vice-Chancellor in October 2004. Having been a trustee of the Rhodes Trust for nine years, he accepted the position of Warden of Rhodes House in October of 2004.
 
6Name:  Dr. A. M. Celâl Sengör
 Institution:  Istanbul Technical University
 Year Elected:  2004
 Class:  1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
 Subdivision:  105. Physical Earth Sciences
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1955
   
 
An expert on the structure and evolution of the Earth's crust, Ali Mehmet Celal Sengor is one of the foremost authorities on the plate-tectonic evolution of Eurasia and has made important, innovative contributions to the accretionary mechanisms by which continents grow. Born in Turkey in 1955, he earned his Ph.D. from the State University of New York in 1982. He then returned to Turkey as a lecturer and reader at Istanbul Technical University, where in 1992 he was named Professor of Geology and head of the Department of Solid Earth Sciences. Dr. Sengor is the author of (with A. Miyashiro and K. Aki) Orogeny (1982) and (with others) The Paleogeographic Atlas of Turkey (1998). He has been widely honored for his prodigious series of articles, books, and monographs, and he has had enormous influence on scientific and educational developments in Turkey. His many awards include the Prix Lutaud-Grand Prix de l' Academie des Sciences dans le Domaine des Sciences de la Terre (1997) and the Bigsby Medal of the Geological Society of London (1999). In 1992 he became the youngest of the ten founding members of the Turkish Academy of Sciences (appointed by the Prime Minister of the Republic of Turkey), and he is also a member of the Geological Society of London; Societé Geologique de France; Academia Europaea; Geological Society of America; and National Academy of Sciences. He is fluent in Turkish, English, German and French and gives elegant, exciting and lucid lectures in all of these languages.
 
Election Year
2004[X]