American Philosophical Society
Member History

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Resident (20)
1Name:  Dr. Christian B. Anfinsen
 Institution:  Johns Hopkins University
 Year Elected:  1975
 Class:  2. Biological Sciences
 Subdivision:  201. Molecular Biology and Biochemistry
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1916
 Death Date:  5/14/95
   
2Name:  Mr. Silvio A. Bedini
 Institution:  Smithsonian Institution
 Year Elected:  1975
 Class:  3. Social Sciences
 Subdivision:  303. History Since 1715
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1917
 Death Date:  November 14, 2007
   
3Name:  Sir Isaiah Berlin
 Institution:  All Souls College
 Year Elected:  1975
 Class:  4. Humanities
 Subdivision:  407. Philosophy
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1909
 Death Date:  11/5/97
   
4Name:  Dr. Thomas Noel Bisson
 Institution:  Harvard University
 Year Elected:  1975
 Class:  4. Humanities
 Subdivision:  404a
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1931
   
 
Historian Thomas Bisson has been affiliated with Harvard University since 1986. Prior to becoming Henry Charles Lea Professor of Medieval History there, he taught for twenty years at the University of California, Berkeley and held positions at Swarthmore College, Brown University and Amherst College. He is currently Professor Emeritus at Harvard University. Dr. Bisson's work covers an extraordinary range geographically, from medieval Catalonia and Aragon to Languedoc and northern France and Germany, and topically, from political theory and parliamentary institutions to numismatics and economic history. His many honors include the Creu de Sant Jordi, awarded by the Generalitat de Catalunya in 2001 for contributions to the knowledge of Catalan and Occitan history, and election to the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. He is also a past president of the Medieval Academy of America, a fellow of the Royal Historical Society and a corresponding fellow of the British Academy. Among his recent published works are Medieval France and her Pyrenean Neighbors: Studies in Early Institutional History, Tormented Voices: Power, Crisis and Humanity in Rural Catalonia, 1140-1200, and Cultures of Power: Lordship, Status and Process in Twelfth-Century Europe. His latest books include The Crisis of the Twelfth Century: Power, Landship, and the Origins of European Government (2008) and The Chronography of Robert of Torigni (2020).
 
5Name:  M. Michel Crozier
 Institution:  Center for the Sociology of Organizations
 Year Elected:  1975
 Class:  3. Social Sciences
 Subdivision:  301. Anthropology, Demography, Psychology, and Sociology
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1922
 Death Date:  May 24, 2013
   
 
French sociologist Michel Crozier was founder and director of the Centre de Sociologie des Organisations in Paris. One of the world's leading authorities on modern social organization and a critical analyst of bureaucracy, Dr. Crozier became a member of the Académie des sciences morales et politiques in 1999. He was also an officer of the Légion d'honneur and a commander of the Ordre National du Mérite as well as a laureate of the Prix Tocqueville. His major works include The Bureaucratic Phenomenon (1963), The World of the Office Worker (1965), The Crisis of Democracy (1975), Strategies for Change: The Future of French Society (1979) and The Trouble with America (1980), all of which have been translated into English. He was elected an international member of the American Philosophical Society in 1975. Michel Crozier died May 24, 2013, at the age of 90 in Paris, France.
 
6Name:  Prof. Jean-Baptiste Duroselle
 Institution:  Sorbonne & Academie des Sciences Morales et Politiques
 Year Elected:  1975
 Class:  3. Social Sciences
 Subdivision:  303. History Since 1715
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1917
 Death Date:  9/12/94
   
7Name:  Dr. Roland M. Frye
 Institution:  University of Pennsylvania
 Year Elected:  1975
 Class:  4. Humanities
 Subdivision:  404. History of the Arts, Literature, Religion and Sciences
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1921
 Death Date:  January 13, 2005
   
8Name:  Ignace J. Gelb
 Year Elected:  1975
 Class:  4. Humanities
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1907
 Death Date:  12/22/1985
   
9Name:  Dr. Owen Gingerich
 Institution:  Harvard University & Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory
 Year Elected:  1975
 Class:  1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
 Subdivision:  101. Astronomy
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1930
 Death Date:  May 28, 2023
   
 
Owen Gingerich is a senior astronomer emeritus at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and Professor Emeritus of Astronomy and of the History of Science at Harvard University. In 1992-93 he chaired Harvard's History of Science Department. Professor Gingerich's research interests have ranged from the recomputation of an ancient Babylonian mathematical table to the interpretation of stellar spectra. In the past four decades Professor Gingerich has become a leading authority on the 17th-century German astronomer Johannes Kepler and on Nicholas Copernicus. His publications include a 600-page monograph surveying copies of Copernicus' great book De revolutionibus, for which he was awarded the Polish government's Order of Merit in 1981; later an asteroid was named in his honor. In 2006 he published God's Universe, a volume arguing that faith and science can coexist even in considerations of the nature of life. In 1984 he won the Harvard-Radcliffe Phi Beta Kappa prize for excellence in teaching. In June 2007 he was awarded the Prix Janssen by the French Astronomical Society. He has been a member of the American Philosophical Society since 1975. In June 2017 he received Benedict Polak Prize, which he described this way: "I have just returned from Poland, where I have received the Benedict Polak Prize, which I daresay no other APS member has ever heard of. Friar Benedict the Pole was drafted in 1245 as a translator-scholar to accompany a Papal group to visit the Khan of Mongolia. The present Benedict Polak Prize was established three years ago to honor explorers in any realm of human knowledge, and is to be given each year to a Polish citizen and to a foreigner. I received this year's prize for my Copernican researches. The Polish citizen prize went to my friend Jerzy Gassowski, the archaeologist who identified Copernicus' bones in an unmarked grave under the cathedral floor in Frombork. The prizes are given in Leczyca, a small village with the founding church in Poland and the church home of Benedict the Pole. It is hard to imagine that enough citizens of Leczyca would turn up for such an occasion, but actually people came from all over Poland. The president of Poland was not present in person, but sent a citation as well as a private and specific congratulatory letter to me."
 
10Name:  Dr. Joseph H. Greenberg
 Institution:  Stanford University
 Year Elected:  1975
 Class:  4. Humanities
 Subdivision:  406. Linguistics
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1915
 Death Date:  May 7, 2001
   
11Name:  Dr. Walter W. Heller
 Year Elected:  1975
 Class:  3. Social Sciences
 Subdivision:  302. Economics
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1915
 Death Date:  6/15/87
   
12Name:  Dr. F. Clark Howell
 Institution:  University of California, Berkeley
 Year Elected:  1975
 Class:  2. Biological Sciences
 Subdivision:  203. Evolution & Ecology, Systematics, Population Genetics, Paleontology, and Physical Anthropology
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1925
 Death Date:  March 10, 2007
   
13Name:  Dr. Seymour S. Kety
 Institution:  Harvard University
 Year Elected:  1975
 Class:  2. Biological Sciences
 Subdivision:  209. Neurobiology
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1915
 Death Date:  May 25, 2000
   
14Name:  Harrie S. W. Massey
 Year Elected:  1975
 Class:  1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1908
 Death Date:  11/27/83
   
15Name:  Dr. Victor A. McKusick
 Institution:  Johns Hopkins University
 Year Elected:  1975
 Class:  2. Biological Sciences
 Subdivision:  207. Genetics
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1921
 Death Date:  July 22, 2008
   
 
Victor A. McKusick, M.D. was a physician-scientist who is widely acknowledged as the father of genetic medicine. He was University Professor of Medical Genetics at The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine until his death July 22, 2008. He received his M.D. from Johns Hopkins in 1946 and began his career by studying heart defects but rapidly developed an interest in the inherited components of disease. In 1957 he founded the Division of Medical Genetics at Johns Hopkins, and in 1966 he created the first edition of the genetic reference "Mendelian Inheritance in Man," a compilation of inherited disease genes that continues to grow. Both a scientist and a prominent clinician, Dr. McKusick was the William Osler Professor of Medicine and Physician-in-Chief of The Johns Hopkins Hospital from 1973-85. Over the course of his career, Dr. McKusick has led the world in searching for, identifying and mapping genes responsible for inherited conditions such as Marfan syndrome and dwarfism. His studies of genetic disorders in the Amish uncovered previously unrecognized inherited conditions and served as a model for studies in similar populations in other parts of the world. As early as 1969, he proposed mapping the human genome, a feat accomplished by two research teams. In 2002 Dr. McKusick was awarded the National Medal of Science, and he has received numerous other honors including the 2008 Japan Prize, the John Phillips Award of the American College of Physicians and membership in the National Academy of Sciences. In 1996 he was awarded the American Philosophical Society's Benjamin Franklin Medal for Distinguished Achievement in the Sciences. The citation read "in recognition of a great pioneer in the study of genetic diseases and in the development of human genetics as a clinical specialty, the author of many influential books and founding coeditor-in-chief of Genomics, and a distinguished leader of the human genome project." He had been elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1975 and served as the Society’s Vice President 1996 to 2002.
 
16Name:  Dr. William A. Nierenberg
 Institution:  Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego
 Year Elected:  1975
 Class:  1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
 Subdivision:  106. Physics
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1919
 Death Date:  September 10, 2000
   
17Name:  Dr. Giuseppe Occhialini
 Institution:  University of Milan
 Year Elected:  1975
 Class:  1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
 Subdivision:  106. Physics
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1907
 Death Date:  12/30/93
   
18Name:  John Horace Parry
 Year Elected:  1975
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1914
 Death Date:  8/25/82
   
19Name:  Dr. David Pingree
 Institution:  Brown University
 Year Elected:  1975
 Class:  4. Humanities
 Subdivision:  405. History and Philology, East and West, through the 17th Century
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1933
 Death Date:  November 11, 2005
   
20Name:  Mr. Eugene B. Power
 Institution:  University Microfilms & Xerox Corporation
 Year Elected:  1975
 Class:  5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
 Subdivision:  503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1905
 Death Date:  12/6/93
   
Election Year
1975[X]
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