APS Member History

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81	Name:	Dr. William H. McNeill
	Institution:	University of Chicago
	Year Elected:	1977
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1917
	Death Date:	July 8, 2016

	Primarily known for his outstanding general histories, Canadian historian William Hardy McNeill was a highly qualified scholar of original mind and synthetic power. His most popular book, The Rise of the West, explored world history in terms of the effect that different civilizations have had upon one another over time, especially the dramatic effect of the west on others over the past 500 years. He had also written extensively on Europe's eastern frontier and on the history of European epidemics and their social effects. Among his other distinguished works are America, Britain and Russia, 1941-46 (1954); Europe's Steppe Frontier (1964); Venice, the Hinge of Europe, 1081-1797 (1974) and The Human Web: A Bird's-Eye View of World History, which he published with his son, the historian J.R. McNeill, in 2003. A member of the faculty of the University of Chicago since 1947, Dr. McNeill held the title of Robert A. Millikan Distinguished Service Professor of History Emeritus. He was an Erasmus Prize and National Book Award recipient, one of eight 2009 National Humanities Medalists, and a fellow of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1997. William H. McNeill died on July 8, 2016, at the age of 98.

82	Name:	Dr. James M. McPherson
	Institution:	Princeton University
	Year Elected:	1991
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1936

	James M. McPherson was born in North Dakota but grew up in Minnesota from the age of six to twenty-one. He graduated from Gustavus Adolphus College in 1958 and pursued graduate study at the Johns Hopkins University from 1958-62, receiving his Ph.D. in history in 1963. From 1962-2004, he taught in the Department of History at Princeton University, working his way up from instructor to George Henry Davis '86 Professor of American History from 1991-2004, when he retired and became Davis Professor Emeritus. In the year 2000, he served as president of the Society of American Historians and in 2003-04 he was president of the American Historical Association. He has also served, and continues to serve on several historical advisory boards and preservation organizations, mostly concerned with Civil War museums and/or the preservation of Civil War battlefields and other sites. He is the author of some fifteen books, mostly about the era of the American Civil War and Reconstruction, and editor of almost another dozen books on a variety of historical subjects. His most recent works are Embattled Rebel: Jefferson Davis as Commander in Chief (2014) and Tried By War: Abraham Lincoln as Commander in Chief (2008), which won Gettysburg College's 2009 Lincoln Prize for scholarship. A number of his books have won prizes, most notably the Pulitzer Prize in History for Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era (1989) and the Gettysburg Lincoln Prize for his book, For Cause and Comrades: Why Men Fought in the Civil War (1998). In 2007 he was named the first recipient of the Pritzker Military Library Literature Award for lifetime achievement in writing. In 2018 he was presented with the Albert Nelson Marquis Lifetime Achievement Award by Marquis Who's Who. Dr. McPherson lives in Princeton with his wife, Patricia. His daughter Jenny Long, her husband and three children live nearby.

83	Name:	Dr. Robert L. Middlekauff
	Institution:	University of California, Berkeley
	Year Elected:	1997
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1929
	Death Date:	March 10, 2021

	Robert L. Middlekauff was Preston Hotchkiss Professor of History at the University of California, Berkeley. After earning his Ph.D. in history from Yale University in 1961, he became a member of Berkeley's faculty in 1962. In 1983 he became Director of the Huntington Library, Art Gallery, and Botanical Gardens. Dr. Middlekauff returned to the history department at Berkeley in 1988. Noted for his dedication to his students, he is the recipient of both the Berkeley Citation for Distinguished Achievement and Notable Service to the University (1983) and the Distinguished Teaching Award (1996). Dr. Middlekauff is in the first rank of historians of his generation. His studies of New England Puritan culture are a benchmark in a field that has reached a degree of sophistication above any other in American intellectual history. Major volumes by Dr. Middlekauff include The Mathers: Three Generations of Puritan Intellectuals, for which he received the 1972 Bancroft Prize, and Benjamin Franklin and His Enemies. He is also a frequent contributor of scholarly articles, chapters, and reviews in various journals and books. Robert Middlekauff was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1997. He died on March 10, 2021.

84	Name:	Dr. George L. Mosse
	Institution:	University of Wisconsin, Madison; Hebrew University
	Year Elected:	1997
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1918
	Death Date:	1/22/99

85	Name:	Dr. Frederick W. Mote
	Institution:	Princeton University
	Year Elected:	2000
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1922
	Death Date:	February 10, 2005

86	Name:	Dr. Susan Naquin
	Institution:	Princeton University
	Year Elected:	2008
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1944

	Susan Naquin is Professor of History and Professor of East Asian Studies at Princeton University. She received her Ph.D. from Yale University in 1974 and taught at the University of Pennsylvania from 1976-93. She was a Guggenheim Fellow from 1991-92 and has served on the editorial boards of Modern China and Asia Major. The breadth of Susan Naquin's scholarship and her ability to ask new and brilliantly perceptive questions about five centuries of Chinese history make her one of the most distinguished historians of East Asian history and culture at the present time. Peking: Temples and City Life carefully excavates the city's varied public arenas, its human engagements and rich cultural imprint. Her writing splendidly evokes a complex past and the radical transformation of a glittering city. Her understanding of religious organizations, their sites, and beliefs combines a knowledge of artifacts and space with a deep understanding of words, texts, and ritual. An active member of the history department and the East Asian Studies department, she is both an engaged scholar and an energetic teacher of both undergraduates and graduate students. She was a distinguished chair of East Asian Studies between 2001 and 2005 and directs the Chinese Rare Books Project at Princeton. She is frequently asked to lecture in China, in the United States and in Western Europe. Her other publications include Millenarian Rebellion in China: The Eight Trigrams Uprising of 1813 (1976); Shantung Rebellion: The Wang Lun Uprising of 1774 (1981); and (with E. Rawski) Chinese Society in the Eighteenth Century (1987). Susan Naquin was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2008.

87	Name:	Dr. Gary B. Nash
	Institution:	National Center for History in the Schools & University of California, Los Angeles
	Year Elected:	2000
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1933
	Death Date:	July 29, 2021

	Gary B. Nash received his B.A. and Ph.D. degrees in History from Princeton University. He is currently Professor of History Emeritus at the University of California, Los Angeles, where he taught for over four decades. He served as Director of the National Center for History in the Schools for 18 years, stepping down in January 2013. One of this nation's preeminent social historians, his work focuses on race, class, and power dynamics in American history. The latest of Dr. Nash's many books are First City: Philadelphia and the Forging of Historical Memory (2002), The Unknown American Revolution: The Unruly Birth of Democracy and the Struggle to Create America (2005), African American Lives: The Struggle for Freedom (2005) [with Clayborne Carson and Emma J. Lapsansky-Werner], and The Forgotten Fifth: African Americans in the Age of Revolution (2006). In 2011, he co-edited Revolutionary Founders: Rebels, Radicals, and Reformers in the Making of the Nation. Gary Nash was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2000.

88	Name:	Dr. Robert A. Nisbet
	Institution:	Columbia University
	Year Elected:	1973
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1913
	Death Date:	9/9/96

89	Name:	Dr. Mary Beth Norton
	Institution:	Cornell University
	Year Elected:	2010
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1943

	Mary Beth Norton is the Mary Donlon Alger Professor of American History at Cornell University, where she is also Stephen H. Weiss Presidential Fellow (recognizing excellence in undergraduate teaching). In 2005-06, she was Pitt Professor of American History at the University of Cambridge. She has written The British-Americans (1972), which as a dissertation won the Allan Nevins Prize of the Society of American Historians; Liberty’s Daughters (1980, 1996), co-winner of the Berkshire Conference Prize for the best book by a woman historian; Founding Mothers & Fathers (1996), a finalist for the 1997 Pulitzer Prize in history; In the Devil’s Snare (2002), winner of the Ambassador Book Award in American Studies from the English-Speaking Union and a finalist for the L.A. Times book award in History; and Separated by their Sex (2011). She is the author, with five others, of A People and A Nation, appearing in its 9th edition in 2011, which has been one of the leading U.S. history textbooks since its initial publication in 1982. Active in professional associations, she has received four honorary degrees and has held fellowships from the Rockefeller, Guggenheim, Mellon, and Starr Foundations, as well as from Princeton University and the Huntington Library. In 1999 she was elected a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. She has been elected to serve in 2017 as the president-elect of the AHA and will serve as president in 2018.

90	Name:	Dr. Barbara B. Oberg
	Institution:	Princeton University
	Year Elected:	1998
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1942

	Until her retirement in 2014, Barbara Oberg was the General Editor of The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, a comprehensive edition of Jefferson's writings and correspondence (a project begun by the late Jefferson scholar and member of the Society, Julian P. Boyd). She was also a Lecturer with the rank of Professor in the Department of History at Princeton University, and is now Senior Research Scholar in the Department of History. She is a graduate of Wellesley College and received her M.A. and Ph.D. from the University of California, where her primary fields of study were eighteenth-century British intellectual history and American history of the early republic. Her academic endeavors have centered on the transatlantic enlightenment, beginning with the English materialist philosopher David Hartley and then moving across the ocean to two of his American scientific correspondents, Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson. Dr. Oberg also served as the editor of The Papers of Benjamin Franklin at Yale University from 1986-99, during which time seven volumes of Franklin's correspondence were published. She has co-edited two collections of essays, Benjamin Franklin, Jonathan Edwards and the Representation of American Culture and Federalists Reconsidered, and is the author of numerous articles and reviews. She has served as president of the Society for Historians of the Early American Republic, the Society for Textual Scholarship, and the Association for Documentary Editing. In 2004 she received the Julian P. Boyd Award for distinguished contributions to American History and Culture from the Association for Documentory Editing. In 2018 she was elected to membership in the Society of American Historians. Dr. Oberg was elected to membership in the American Philosophical Society in 1998.

91	Name:	Dr. Robert R. Palmer
	Institution:	Yale University
	Year Elected:	1959
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1909
	Death Date:	June 11, 2002

92	Name:	Dr. Peter Paret
	Institution:	Institute for Advanced Study
	Year Elected:	1988
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1924
	Death Date:	September, 11, 2020

	Peter Paret was Mellon Professor in the Humanities Emeritus at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton and Raymond A. Spruance Professor of International History at Stanford University. His principal areas of research were the history of war, particularly in the 18th and early 19th century, and the history of European culture from the 18th to the 20th century. He was born in Berlin in 1924 and is a graduate of the University of London (Ph.D., 1960). Before joining the Institute in 1986, he held positions at Princeton University, the University of California, Davis, and Stanford University. In the academic year 2008-09 he gave the Lees Knowles Lectures on the History of War at Cambridge University - the expanded text of which was published in 2009 - and organized an exhibition on the work of the sculptor Ernst Barlach that opened on March 1, 2009 at the Art Museum of Princeton University. Among his ten monographs are Clausewitz and the State (1976); The Berlin Secession (1980); Art as History (1988); and An Artist Against the Third Reich: Ernst Barlach, 1933-38. He has also published two volumes of essays: Understanding War (1992) and German Encounters with Modernism, 1840-1945 (2001). In 2012 he coauthored Myth and Modernity: Barlach's Drawings on the Nibelungen with Helga Thieme. He was awarded the Great Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany in 2013, having been an officer of the Order for the past decade. In 2017 he won the Pritzker Literature Award. He died in Salt Lake City, Utah, on September 11, 2020 at age 96.

93	Name:	Dr. Robert O. Paxton
	Institution:	Columbia University
	Year Elected:	1999
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1932

	Robert O. Paxton taught modern European history at the University of California, Berkeley and at the State University of New York, Stony Brook in the 1960s and at Columbia University from 1969-97. He served as chairman of the History Department at Columbia from 1980-82, specializing in the study of France under the Nazi Occupation. His principal works in this area are Vichy France: Old Guard and New Order (2nd edition, 2001) and, with Michael Marrus, Vichy France and the Jews (2nd edition, 1995). He published The Anatomy of Fascism, which has been translated into ten languages, in 2004. Dr. Paxton currently holds the title of Mellon Professor of the Social Sciences Emeritus at Columbia University.

94	Name:	Dr. Jack Rakove
	Institution:	Stanford University
	Year Elected:	2007
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1947

	Jack Rakove is the Coe Professor of History and American Studies and a professor of politial science at Stanford University. Long a leading authority on American constitutional, political, and legal history, he is the author of more than sixty scholarly articles critically analyzing issues from the Revolution to the early years of the Republic. Central to his work has been the analysis of the constitutional concept of "original intent." His books on the subject have won several prizes, including the Pulitzer Prize in History in 1997. He is also the author of an interpretive history of the Continental Congress and the American Library's edition of James Madison's writings. In line with his commitment to the public value of such scholarly issues, aside from his vigorous classroom teaching, he has, over the course of twenty years, also published scores of articles on constitutional and legal issues in major newspapers around the nation. His book The Annotated U.S. Constitution and Declaration of Independence is intended to continue his legacy of making constitutional issues available to the lay public, and his 2010 book Revolutionaries takes a look at the individual transformations made by both the well-known and the less well-known founders of America.

95	Name:	Dr. Edwin O. Reischauer
	Institution:	Harvard University
	Year Elected:	1973
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1910
	Death Date:	9/1/90

96	Name:	Dr. Charles E. Rosenberg
	Institution:	Harvard University
	Year Elected:	2002
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1936

	Charles Rosenberg received a Ph.D. at Columbia University in 1961. He was a professor of history and sociology of science at the University of Pennsylvania for thirty-five years, and is currently the Ernest E. Monrad Professor in the Social Sciences at Harvard University. Charles Rosenberg is the leading historian of medicine in the United States. His classic book on The Cholera Years shows how New Yorkers responded to three terrifying nineteenth-century cholera epidemics. His riveting account of The Trial of the Assassin Guiteau illuminates the murder trial of the man who killed President Garfield. And his chief book to date, The Care of Strangers, traces the evolution of the American hospital system into the institution that we know today. In all his work, Rosenberg demonstrates a total mastery of his subject, and he always places medical developments within the broader context of economic, scientific, intellectual, and social change. His other works include The Trial of the Assassin Guiteau: Psychiatry and Law in the Gilded Age (1968); No Other Gods: On Science and American Social Thought (1976); Explaining Epidemics and Other Studies in the History of Medicine, 1992; and among numerous articles, "Meanings, Policies, and Medicine: On the Bioethical Enterprise and History" (1999). Dr. Rosenberg is the recipient of the William H. Welch Medal of the American Association for the History of Medicine and the George Sarton Medal of the History of Science Society. He serves on the board of directors for the Library Company of Philadelphia and the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, the American Antiquarian Society, the Institute of Medicine, and the American Association for the History of Medicine, of which he was president from 1992-94. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2002.

97	Name:	Prof. Arthur Schlesinger
	Institution:	City University of New York
	Year Elected:	1987
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1917
	Death Date:	February 28, 2007

98	Name:	Dr. James J. Sheehan
	Institution:	Stanford University
	Year Elected:	2001
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1937

	James Sheehan is a most distinguished historian of modern Europe. His German History, 1770-1866 is a classic and, like all his works, hailed in this country and in Europe. His work has exceptional depth and breadth, and he understands the futility of compartmentalization. His felicitous style reflects the fact that he is a humanist at heart. He has steadily expanded his vision, and his most recent work on German museums reflects his deep concern with the world of art and architecture. He is an outstanding scholar and mentor, an admired academic citizen, a man of utter integrity and fair mindedness. A graduate of the University of California, Berkeley (Ph.D., 1964), Dr. Sheehan has taught at Northwestern University (1964-79) and Stanford University (1979-present), where he has served as Dickason Professor in the Humanities since 1986. He is the former chairman of Stanford's history department (1982-85, 1986-89) and has been honored with membership in the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, the Royal Historical Society and the Orden pour le Mérite. Dr. Sheehan's many publications include German Liberalism in the Nineteenth Century (1978, 1982, 1995); The Career of Lujo Brentano: A Study of Liberalism and Social Reform in Imperial Germany (1966); German History, 1770-1866 (1993); and Where Have All the Soldiers Gone? The Transformation of Modern Europe (2008). He is also the co-editor of An Interrupted Past: German-Speaking Refugee Historians in the United States after 1933 (1991).

99	Name:	Professor Quentin Skinner
	Institution:	University of London
	Year Elected:	1997
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1940

	Quentin Skinner was Regius Professor of Modern History at Cambridge University from 1996 to 2008. He is now Barber Beaumont Professor of the Humanities at Queen Mary, University of London. One of the most innovative as well as influential students of political thought in the history of the West now writing, he spent the years 1974-79 at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, and is a valuable representative of the English and European scholarly communities. Dr. Skinner's historical writings have long been characterised by an interest in recovering the ideas of Renaissance republican authors. With John Pocock he is regarded as one of the two principal members of the influential "Cambridge School" of the study of the history of political thought. Dr. Skinner's particular contribution was to articulate a theory of interpretation which concentrated on recovering the author's intentions in writing classic works of political theory. Of continuing interest have been the works of Machiavelli, Thomas More and Thomas Hobbes. Dr. Skinner received his M.A. from Cambridge in 1962 and has served the university ever since as a lecturer and professor. He is a member of the British Academy and the American Academy of Arts & and Sciences and the recipient of the Wolfson Literary Award (1979). His publications include Foundations of Modern Political Thought (2 vol., 1978); Reason and Rhetoric in the Philosophy of Hobbes (1996); Liberty Before Liberalism (1998); and Hobbes and Republican Liberty (2008).

100	Name:	Dr. Jonathan Dermot Spence
	Institution:	Yale University
	Year Elected:	1992
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1936
	Death Date:	December 25, 2021

	An outstanding historian of China, Jonathan Spence specializes in the intellectual history of that nation from the seventeenth century through the present, and on Western images of China since the Middle Ages. A graduate of Yale University (Ph.D., 1965), he has served as a professor at Yale since 1971 and is currently Sterling Professor of History there. His books include The Death of Woman Wang (1978); The Memory Palace of Matteo Ricci (1984); The Question of Hu (1987); Chinese Roundabout: Essays on History and Culture; The Gate of Heavenly Peace: The Chinese and Their Revolution 1895-1980; The Chan's Great Continent: China in Western Minds; God's Chinese Son (1994) and Return to Dragon Mountain (2007). Winner of the John Adison Porter Prize (1965), the Los Angeles Times Book Award (1982) and the Vursell Prize, Dr. Spence is a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. His research frequently takes him to China and to many Chinese universities.

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