Class
| • | 2. Biological Sciences | [X] |
| | 21 | Name: | Dr. Jianguo Liu | | | Institution: | Michigan State University | | | Year Elected: | 2015 | | | Class: | 2. Biological Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 205. Microbiology | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1963 | | | | | | |
A human-environment scientist and sustainability scholar, Jianguo (Jack) Liu holds the Rachel Carson Chair in Sustainability, is University Distinguished Professor, and serves as director of the Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability at Michigan State University (MSU). Liu came to MSU after completing his postdoctoral work at Harvard University. He also has been a guest professor at the Chinese Academy of Sciences and a visiting scholar at Stanford (2001-2002), Harvard (2008) and Princeton (2009).
Liu takes a holistic approach to addressing complex human-environmental challenges through systems integration (e.g., integration of ecology with social sciences). His broad research interests include coupled human and natural systems; global sustainability; telecouplings (socioeconomic and environmental interactions over distances); conservation; China's environment; and complex interactions among pandas, people, and policies. His work has been published in journals such as Nature and Science, and has been widely covered by the international news media (e.g., The New York Times, BBC, Xinhua News Agency). Liu has served on various international and national committees. He is a past president of the U.S. Regional Association of the International Association for Landscape Ecology (US-IALE). He also is a member of the Board of Reviewing Editors for Science magazine and leads the International Network of Research on Coupled Human and Natural Systems (CHANS-Net.org).
In recognition of his efforts and achievements in research and service, Liu has been given many awards and honors. They include the Guggenheim Fellowship Award, Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Fellow of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, the CAREER Award from the National Science Foundation, the Distinguished Service Award from US-IALE, the Aldo Leopold Leadership Fellowship from the Ecological Society of America, and the 2021 Gunnerus Sustainability Prize. | |
| 22 | Name: | Dr. Thomas E. Lovejoy | | | Institution: | George Mason University; The H. John Heinz III Center for Science, Economics, and the Environment | | | Year Elected: | 1999 | | | Class: | 2. Biological Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 205. Microbiology | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1941 | | | Death Date: | December 25, 2021 | | | | | | |
Thomas Lovejoy received his Ph.D. from Yale University. He served as program director, vice president for science, and executive vice president of the World Wildlife Fund before his appointment as Science Advisor to the Secretary, United States Department of Interior, in 1993. He later became Counselor to the Secretary on Biodiversity and Environmental Affairs at the Smithsonian Institution, and Chief Biodiversity Advisor and Lead for Environment for Latin America and Caribbean for the World Bank. In 2002 he became president of the H. John Heinz III Center for Science, Economics and the Environment, and served until 2008. He currently serves as the Heinz Center Biodiviersity Chair. In 2010 he joined the faculty of George Mason University where he has a joint appointment as University Professor in the Environmental Science and Policy Department and the Department of Pulbic and International Affairs. Dr. Lovejoy is the recipient of numerous awards, including Commander, Order of Merit of Mato Grosso, Brazil; the Carr Medal of the Florida Museum of Natural History; the Frances K. Hutchinson Medal of The Garden Club of America; the Global 500 Roll of Honor of the United Nations Environment Program; the John Kimball Scott Award for International Health Leadership of the National Association of Physicians for the Environment; the Spirit of Defenders Award for Science from Defenders of Wildlife; and the 2014 Woodrow Wilson Award for Public Service. He serves on the Board of Directors of the New York Botanical Garden, the American Institute of Biological Sciences, the World Resources Institute, Woods Hole Research Center, the Tropical Foundation and the Royal Botanical Gardens at Kew. Thomas Lovejoy is one of the great modern pioneers of modern conservation biology and practice. In the late 1980s he conceived and initiated the Amazonian forest fragment project, "the world's largest biological experiment," which continues as a cornucopia of new information on tropical ecology and species extinction. In his work, among other advances, he discovered the "edge effect" of forest fragmentation, a key factor in ecological change, among other advances. Dr. Lovejoy is also an extraordinary integrator and leader in the intersection of science, government, and education, especially with reference to the global environment. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1999. | |
| 23 | Name: | Dr. Jane Lubchenco | | | Institution: | Oregon State University | | | Year Elected: | 1998 | | | Class: | 2. Biological Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 205. Microbiology | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1947 | | | | | | |
Jane Lubchenco is an environmental scientist and marine ecologist who is actively engaged in teaching, research, synthesis and communication of scientific knowledge. She grew up in Colorado, received her Ph.D. and taught at Harvard University, then moved to Oregon State University, where she is Valley Professor of Marine Biology and Distinguished Professor of Zoology. In 2008 President Obama chose her to head the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. She was confirmed by the United States Senate on March 19, 2009. She stepped down from NOAA in February 2013 and spent the 2013 Spring quarter at Stanford University as the Mimi and Peter E. Haas Distinguished Visitor. In February 2021, she was appointed by President Joe Biden to serve as Deputy Director for Climate and Environment in the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy.
In 2015 she was awarded the John and Alice Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement and in 2017 she was awarded the National Academy of Sciences' Public Welfare Medal and the Carnegie Medal of Philanthropy. In 2019 the Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences awarded her its highest honor, the Centennial Medal, which "honors alumni who have made contributions to society that emerged from their graduate study at Harvard."
Dr. Lubchenco actively promotes science and communicates scientific knowledge in international and national arenas. Dr. Lubchenco is past president of the International Council for Science (the first woman president in the 75 year-old organization) and has also served as president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and of the Ecological Society of America.
She is serving a second term on the National Science Board, having been twice nominated by President Clinton and twice confirmed by the U.S. Senate. She is often invited to testify before Congress, address the United Nations, or provide scientific advice to the White House, federal and international agencies, non-governmental organizations, religious leaders and leaders of business and industry. She co-chaired Oregon Governor Ted Kulongoski's Advisory Group on Global Warming that recommended actions the state should take to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions. She also founded and co-leads the Aldo Leopold Leadership Program that teaches outstanding academic environmental scientists to be more effective communicators of scientific information to the public, policy makers, the media and the private sector. | |
| 24 | Name: | Lord Robert McCredie May | | | Institution: | Univerity of Oxford and The Royal Society | | | Year Elected: | 2001 | | | Class: | 2. Biological Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 205. Microbiology | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1936 | | | Death Date: | April 28, 2020 | | | | | | |
Sir Robert May is President of the Royal Society and holds a Professorship jointly in the Department of Zoology, Oxford University and at Imperial College, London. For the five-year period ending in September of 2000, he was Chief Scientific Advisor to the UK Government and Head of its Office of Science and Technology. After earning a D.Phil. degree in Theoretical Physics from Sydney University, Sir Robert spent two years as the MacKay Lecturer in Applied Mathematics at Harvard. He then returned to Sydney University as Senior Lecturer in Theoretical Physics, where he would hold that institution's first Personal Chair. In 1973, Sir Robert joined the faculty of Princeton University as its Class of 1877 Professor of Zoology and, from 1977-88, he also served as Chair of the University Research Board. Returning to Britain as a Royal Society Research Professor, Sir Robert's current work deals with the factors influencing the diversity and abundance of plant and animal species, and with the rates, causes and consequences of extinction. His recent publications in this area include Large Scale Ecology and Conservation Biology (1994), Extinction Rates (1995) and Evolution of Biological Diversity (1999). Sir Robert's contributions to the field of ecological research have been recognized with the Crafoord Prize from the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and the 1998 Balzan Prize, among numerous other honors. | |
| 25 | Name: | Dr. Maclyn McCarty | | | Institution: | Rockefeller University | | | Year Elected: | 1981 | | | Class: | 2. Biological Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 205. Microbiology | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1911 | | | Death Date: | January 2, 2005 | | | | |
| 26 | Name: | Dr. Harold A. Mooney | | | Institution: | Stanford University | | | Year Elected: | 1995 | | | Class: | 2. Biological Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 205. Microbiology | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1932 | | | | | | |
Harold Mooney has played a leading role in the development of the international global change program, helping to forge links between physical, biological and social scientists. After receiving his Ph.D. from Duke University in 1960, he worked at the University of California, Los Angeles until 1968, when he joined the faculty at Stanford University, where he is currently Paul F. Achilles Professor of Environmental Biology. Throughout his career Dr. Mooney has led international research and synthesis programs on the ecology of biological invasions; the release of genetically engineered organisms; the use of ecosystem experiments; the ecosystem function of biodiversity; and the comparative structure and evolution of North and South American ecosystems and the consequences of human activities on the earth system responses of these systems. His research on the carbon balance of plants has provided a major theoretical framework for eco-physiological studies, and he has been instrumental in the incorporation of physiological understanding into ecosystem studies. Dr. Mooney has served on many editorial boards and ecological journals and on advisory committees, funding agencies and national laboratories. A prolific researcher, he has produced well over 350 scientific papers, books and articles, all of which have provided bridges between physiological ecology and other areas of ecology. He has been honored with membership in the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences and is the recipient of awards such as the Ecological Society of America's Mercer Award (1961) and the Max Planck Research Award (1992). | |
| 27 | Name: | Dr. Fernando Nottebohm | | | Institution: | Rockefeller University | | | Year Elected: | 1991 | | | Class: | 2. Biological Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 205. Microbiology | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1940 | | | | | | |
Argentine biologist Fernando Nottebohm has been at Rockefeller University since 1967 and a professor since 1976. He became director of the Rockefeller University Field Research Center for Ethology and Ecology in 1981. His investigations focused on diverse aspects of vocal learning in birds, from the ecological correlates of song dialect boundaries to neuronal replacement in adult brain. He described central pathways for the acquisition and production of learned song, then showed that several of the song nuclei were much larger in males than in females. These same nuclei also showed seasonal changes in size, as the levels of gonadal hormones changed cyclically and, in some species left side dominance which, however, could be reversed. Perhaps his most surprising finding was that some classes of song system neurons continued to be produced in adult brain, replacing, numerically, others that had died. Nottebohm and his colleagues described where these new neurons were born, the neurogenic stem cells and how the daughter cells migrated and eventually joined existing circuits. Dr. Nottebohm has received many awards for his work and is a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and a member of the National Academy of Sciences. | |
| 28 | Name: | Dr. Gene E. Robinson | | | Institution: | University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign | | | Year Elected: | 2021 | | | Class: | 2. Biological Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 205. Microbiology | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1955 | | | | | | |
Gene E. Robinson obtained his Ph.D. from Cornell University in 1986 and joined the faculty of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1989. He holds a University Swanlund Chair and Center for Advanced Study Professorship, is interim dean of the College of Liberal Arts & Sciences (2020-2021), director of the Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology (IGB) and director of the Bee Research Facility, and is a former director of the campus Neuroscience Program. Robinson pioneered the application of genomics to the study of social behavior, led the effort to sequence the honey bee genome, authored or co-authored over 325 publications, and has trained 35 postdoctoral associates and 25 doctoral students, about half with faculty positions in academia. He served on the NIH National Institute of Mental Health Advisory Council, provided Congressional testimony, and has past and current appointments on scientific advisory boards for companies and foundations with significant interests in genomics. Dr. Robinson’s honors include: Fellow and Founders Memorial Award, Entomological Society of America; Fellow and Distinguished Behaviorist, Animal Behavior Society; Distinguished Scientist Award, International Behavioral Genetics Society; Guggenheim Fellowship; Fulbright Fellowship; NIH Pioneer Award; Honorary Doctorate, Hebrew University; Fellow, American Academy of Arts & Sciences; Wolf Prize in Agriculture; member, US National Academy of Sciences; member US National Academy of Medicine; and member, American Philosophical Society. | |
| 29 | Name: | Dr. Howard M. Temin | | | Institution: | University of Wisconsin | | | Year Elected: | 1978 | | | Class: | 2. Biological Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 205. Microbiology | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1934 | | | Death Date: | 2/9/94 | | | | |
| 30 | Name: | Dr. Robin A. Weiss | | | Institution: | University College London | | | Year Elected: | 2018 | | | Class: | 2. Biological Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 205. Microbiology | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1940 | | | | | | |
Robin Weiss is Emeritus Professor of Viral Oncology at University College London. He has spent most of his career conducting research on oncogenic viruses and on HIV. He is noted for his contributions to the discovery of endogenous retroviral genomes and for identifying CD4 as the HIV receptor. His expanded his research on avian endogenous retroviruses inherited through the host genome to consider mammalian retroviruses including the potential infection hazard by these agents in xenotransplantation of pig tissues to humans. He studied viral oncogenes and viruses involved in AIDS-linked malignancies such as Kaposi’s sarcoma. He showed that in dogs, a sexually transmitted tumor cell clone emerged around 10,000 years ago which has colonized dogs worldwide and continues to spread as a ‘parasite’. He applied pseudotype techniques originally devised for retroviruses to the study of receptors and antibody neutralization for other viruses such as influenza, rabies and ebola. He recently exploited single-chain llama nanobodies for HIV vaccines and diagnostics and he currently investigates the history of infectious diseases. Weiss was Director of Research at the Institute of Cancer Research, London, 1980-1999, and was President of the Society for General Microbiology, 2006-2009. He has chaired the Scientific Advisory Board of the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative and served on the Board of Directors of the Africa Health Research Institute and on the Nuffield Council for Bioethics. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society and a Foreign Associate of the US National Academy of Sciences. | |
| 31 | Name: | Dr. Carl R. Woese | | | Institution: | University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign | | | Year Elected: | 2004 | | | Class: | 2. Biological Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 205. Microbiology | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1928 | | | Death Date: | December 30, 2012 | | | | | | |
By combining the methods of evolutionary biology and microbiology, Carl Woese used ribosomal RNA sequence data as an evolutionary measure to develop a phylogenetically based classification system, initially for prokaryotic bacteria and ultimately for all living organisms. In doing so he effectively discovered a new domain of life, the Archaea, comprised of unique microbes including methanogens and thermophiles; he also published the first complete genome structure of this newly recognized life form. This work is of profound significance in understanding the origins of life on earth and the process of adaptation to extreme environments. In overturning the long-held traditional dichotomization of life into eukaryotes and prokaryotes, he revolutionized biology, profoundly and fundamentally changed the world's view of living organisms. Dr. Woese was Stanley O. Ikenberry Professor of Microbiology at the University of Illinois, where he had taught since 1964. A graduate of Yale University (Ph.D., 1953), he had been honored with the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Award (1984); the Leeuwenhoek Medal (1990); the National Academy of Sciences' Selman A. Waksman Award in Microbiology (1997); the National Medal of Science (2000); the Crafoord Award of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (2003); the 2009 Abbott-ASM Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Society for Microbiology; and membership in the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts & Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences. Carl Woese died December 30, 2012, at the age of 84 in Urbana, Illinois. | |
| 32 | Name: | Dr. Patricia Chapple Wright | | | Institution: | Stony Brook University; Institute for the Conservation of Tropical Environments; Centre ValBio Research, Madagascar | | | Year Elected: | 2013 | | | Class: | 2. Biological Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 205. Microbiology | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1944 | | | | | | |
Dr. Patricia Chapple Wright has made major contributions in the biology, ecology, conservation and behavior of living primates. She discovered a new species of lemur, Hapalemur aureus in 1987 and helped establish the Ranomafana National Park to protect it. Her research concerns focus on behavior, scenescence, parasitology, predation, rainforest ecology, climate change and conservation studies of Malagasy lemurs. Patricia Wright earned a BA from Hood College in 1966 and a PhD in Anthropology from City University of New York in 1985. Dr. Wright has led over 40 field expeditions to Peru, Paraguay, East Malaysia, the Philippines and Madagascar. She has held professional appointments at Duke (1983-91) and Stony Brook Universities (1991-2013) and is the Executive Director of the Institute for the Conservation of Tropical Environments at Stony Brook (1992-2013) and the Founder and International Director of the Centre ValBio research station in Ranomafana National Park, Madagascar. In 2019 she was installed as Herrnstein Family Endowed Chair in Conservation Biology. She has authored over 150 scientific publications and is the holder of many high honors. She is a member of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (2004) as well as other professional associations. She was awarded a John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Fellowship (1989-1994), a "Knight of the National Order" in 1995, the Officier Medal in 2003 and the Commandeur Medal in 2012 by the government of Madagascar. Dr. Wright has been the recipient of awards including the Hauptman Woodward Pioneer in Science Medal (2008), Distinguished Primatologist Award from American Society of Primatology (2008), honorary degrees from Hood College and the University of Antananarivo and a Distinguished Alumnae Award from Hood College (2008). In 2012 she was a finalist for the Indianapolis Prize for Conservation and in 2014 she won that same award. Her books include Madagascar: Forests of our Ancestors, Tarsiers: Past, Present and Future, and High Moon over the Amazon: My Quest to Understand the Monkeys of the Night. Dr. Wright was a member of the National Geographic Society Committee for Research and Exploration, and is a member of the Board of NGS Conservation Trust, Duke Lemur Center, Madagascar Fauna Group and IUCN SSC Primate Specialist Group. Her work has been featured in the film "Me and Isaac Newton" directed by Michael Apted (1999) and "IMAX 3D Madagascar: Lemurs" directed by David Douglas (2014). Dr. Wright was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2013. | |
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