American Philosophical Society
Member History

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1Name:  Dr. Anita L. Allen
 Institution:  University of Pennsylvania Carey School of Law
 Year Elected:  2022
 Class:  3. Social Sciences
 Subdivision:  304. Jurisprudence and Political Science
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1953
   
 
Anita LaFrance Allen (aka Allen-Castellitto) is the Henry R. Silverman Professor of Law and Professor of Philosophy at the University of Pennsylvania. A graduate of New College, Florida and Harvard Law School with a PhD in Philosophy from the University of Michigan, Allen is an expert on privacy and data protection law, bioethics and public philosophy. She holds an honorary doctorate from Tilburg University and the College of Wooster. She is a member of the Pennsylvania and New York state bars, and briefly practiced law with Cravath, Swaine & Moore. Allen began writing about privacy and data protection in the 1980’s and has remained a distinctive voice in defense of ethical, liberal, egalitarian and inclusive approaches to privacy regulation in the digital age. In 2022 Allen was presented the Privacy Award of the Berkeley Law and Technology Center and holds a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Electronic Privacy Information Center. Allen has lectured on privacy and ethics in Europe, Japan, Taiwan, and Israel. She has published five books (including Uneasy Access, Why Privacy Isn’t Everything, and Unpopular Privacy), several textbooks (including Privacy Law and Society), and over 120 scholarly articles and chapters; contributed to and been featured in popular newspapers, magazines, podcasts and blogs; and appeared on numerous television and radio programs. Allen has been a visiting professor at Johns Hopkins University, Harvard Law, Yale Law, Villanova Law, Fordham Law, Tel Aviv Law, Waseda Law, and the Blavatnik School of Government at Oxford. In 2024 Allen will be the Hart Fellow at University College, Oxford, and also give the H.L. A. Hart Memorial Lecture at Oxford. At Penn she is a faculty affiliate of the Center for Technology, Innovation and Competition, the Warren Center for Network & Data Sciences and a Senior Fellow of the Leonard Davis Institute for Health Economics. She formerly served for seven years as Penn’s Vice Provost for Faculty and chaired the Provost’s Arts Advisory Council. In 2019 Allen was the elected President of the Eastern Division of the American Philosophical Association (APA). In 2021 she was awarded the Philip Quinn Prize by the APA for service to philosophy and philosophers. She is an elected member of the American Law Institute, the National Academy of Medicine, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Allen was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2022. Allen served under President Barack Obama as a member of the National Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues. Allen has advised the School for Criticism and Theory at Cornell and has served on the executive committees of the Association of American Law School and Association for Practical and Applied Ethics. Allen’s scholarly journal editorial board service has included Ethics, Hypatia, and the Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics and the American Journal of Bioethics. Allen has a deep history of non-profit Board of Directors leadership with the National Constitution Center, the Electronic Privacy Information Center, the Future of Privacy Forum, the Bazelon Center for Mental Health Law, Planned Parenthood of Metropolitan Washington, and, local to Philadelphia, the Maternity Care Coalition, and the West Philadelphia Alliance for Children. Born in Port Townsend, Washington, Allen is the daughter of Grover C. Allen and Carrye M. Cloud Allen of Atlanta, one of six children. She is married to retired attorney Paul V. Castellitto of Mt. Vernon and New Rochelle, New York, and has two children. She is a member of the Bryn Mawr Presbyterian Church and enjoys gardening, travel and the visual arts. Allen is the first African American woman to hold both a PhD in philosophy and a law degree, and the first to be a president of the American Philosophical Association.
 
2Name:  Dr. Mary J. Carruthers
 Institution:  New York University; All Souls College, Oxford
 Year Elected:  2022
 Class:  4. Humanities
 Subdivision:  402b
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1941
   
 
Mary Carruthers-- biographical sketch I am a historian of the European Middle Ages, concerned especially with late classical and medieval ideas about human psychology, including rhetoric and meditation. My focus now is on Latin materials, but I began as a scholar of medieval English language and literature, interests that have never left me. Having been born and raised first in India and only later in North America, embedding myself in languages and cultures very different from those of the modern West feels natural to me. My scholarly approaches engage historical questions of linguistics and reasoning, as well as the material culture of the book. My work in Latin rhetoric began by examining its logical structures of remembering, some work which has brought me into fruitful contact with psychologists who are also interested in learning and memory, and with some interested in computer-enabled archival design. More recently, my work has concerned medieval aesthetic values and their rootedness, via theories of the bodily humours, in various medical as well as religious ideas. My current research is on the methods learned for Invention and composing, including the various logics implied in diagrams. This engages medieval ideas not only about human creativity and artistic design, but the fundamental concepts of harmony and geometry that were basic equally for Augustine and Quintilian and in medieval practices of meditation and visionary contemplation. They are also basic to medieval understanding of the cosmological physics of the Six Days described in the Genesis Creation myth.
 
3Name:  Dr. Francis Sellers Collins
 Institution:  President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology; National Human Genome Research Institute
 Year Elected:  2022
 Class:  2. Biological Sciences
 Subdivision:  207. Genetics
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1950
   
 
Francis Sellers Collins is the Former Director of the National Institutes of Health. He received his Ph.D. from Yale University in 1974 and his M.D. from the University of North Carolina School of Medicine in 1977. Other work experiences include being a Professor at the University of Michigan and head of the National Human Genome Research Institute from 1993-2008. Francis Collins pioneered the fundamental strategy of ‘positional cloning,' leading to the successful identification of numerous disease genes. Using this approach, his laboratory identified the cystic fibrosis gene in 1989 and later the genes responsible for neurofibromatosis, Huntington disease, the M4Eo subtype of acute myeloid leukemia, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, Alagille syndrome, and Hutchinson-Gilford progeria. Collins' lab has also made major contributions toward deciphering the molecular basis of genetically complex diseases, particularly type 2 diabetes. At the National Institutes of Health, Collins was a key world leader in biomedicine. He was a central organizing figure in the human genome project, laying the groundwork for modern clinical and basic genetics research, and in many ways defining how to perform ‘large-scale science' in biomedical research. In this role, he has distinguished himself as a scientist, manager, advocate, arbiter, and voice for responsible science. Collins was awarded the Gairdner Foundation International Award in 1990, the Dickson Prize from the University of Pittsburgh in 1991, the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2007, the Philip Hauge Abelson Awardand the National Medal of Science in 2009, and the Templeton Prize in 2020, among others. He is a member of the National Academy of Medicine, the National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, and the Royal Society, 2020. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2022.
 
4Name:  Dr. France Córdova
 Institution:  Science Philanthropy Alliance; National Science Foundation; Purdue University
 Year Elected:  2022
 Class:  5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
 Subdivision:  503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1947
   
 
France Anne Córdova is a leader in science, engineering and education with more than three decades experience at universities and national labs. She is currently president of the Science Philanthropy Alliance. She has served in five presidential administrations, both Democratic and Republican. She is an internationally recognized astrophysicist for her contributions in space research and instrumentation. She has served on both corporate and nonprofit boards. Córdova was the 14th Director of the National Science Foundation (NSF), an $8.5 billion independent federal agency. It is the only government agency charged with advancing all fields of scientific discovery, technological innovation, and STEM education and workforce development. She is the only woman to have served as president of Purdue University, where she led the university to record levels of research funding, reputational rankings, and student retention and graduation rates. Córdova is also chancellor emerita of the University of California, Riverside, where she was a distinguished professor of physics and astronomy. She laid the foundation for a medical school, California's first public medical school in over 40 years. Previously, Córdova served as NASA's chief scientist, representing NASA to the larger scientific community. She was the youngest person and first woman to serve as NASA's chief scientist and was awarded the agency's highest honor, the Distinguished Service Medal. Córdova has published more than 150 scientific papers. She has been awarded a dozen honorary doctorates. She was awarded the Kennedy-Lemass Medal from Ireland, and (soon) the Order of Bernardo O’Higgins from Chile, its highest civilian award. She is a Kilby Laureate for "significant contributions to society through science, technology, innovation, invention and education." She was inducted into the California Hall of Fame and the Stanford University Multicultural Hall of Fame. She has been elected to the National Academy of Science, the American Philosophical Society, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and is an Honorary Member of the Royal Irish Academy. Córdova received her Bachelor of Arts degree in English from Stanford University and her PhD in physics from the California Institute of Technology.
 
5Name:  Dr. Karl Deisseroth
 Institution:  Stanford University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
 Year Elected:  2022
 Class:  2. Biological Sciences
 Subdivision:  208. Plant Sciences
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1971
   
 
Karl Deisseroth is the D.H. Chen Professor of Bioengineering and of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University, and Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. He earned both his Ph.D. and his M.D. from Stanford University in 1998 and 2000, respectively. He continues as a practicing psychiatrist with specialization in affective disorders and autism-spectrum disease. Deisseroth focuses his laboratory on understanding how operation of the brain arises from the properties and activities of its cellular components. Over the last 17 years, his laboratory has created and developed technologies for observing and controlling biological systems at high resolution while maintaining the systems intact; these technologies include optogenetics, hydrogel-tissue chemistry, and a broad range of enabling methods. He pioneered the resulting basic science discoveries as well, including resolution of the structural and functional machinery of light-gated ion channels, and discovery of neural cell types and connections that cause adaptive and maladaptive behavior. His contributions have revolutionized neuroscience by creating and using tools to assess causality between observed neural activity in specific neuronal populations and circuits and the emergence of behavior and emotional responses. His awards and honors include the 2015 Breakthrough Prize, the 2015 Keio Prize, the 2015 Lurie Prize, the 2015 Albany Prize, the 2015 Dickson Prize in Medicine, the 2016 BBVA Award, the 2016 Massry Prize, the 2017 Redelsheimer Prize, the 2017 Fresenius Prize, the 2017 NOMIS Distinguished Scientist Award, the 2017 Harvey Prize from the Technion/Israel, the 2018 Eisenberg Prize, the 2018 Kyoto Prize, the 2018 Gairdner Award, and the 2020 Heineken Prize in Medicine from the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. He was elected to the U.S. National Academy of Medicine in 2010, to the U.S. National Academy of Sciences in 2012, and to the U.S. National Academy of Engineering in 2019. Deisseroth was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2022.
 
6Name:  Dr. Matthew Desmond
 Institution:  Princeton University
 Year Elected:  2022
 Class:  3. Social Sciences
 Subdivision:  301. Anthropology, Demography, Psychology, and Sociology
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1980
   
 
Matthew Desmond is the is the Maurice P. During Professor of Sociology at Princeton University. After receiving his Ph.D. in 2010 from the University of Wisconsin at Madison, he joined the Harvard Society of Fellows as a Junior Fellow. He is the author of five books, including Poverty, by America, which will be published in 2023, and Evicted: Poverty and Profit in the American City, which won the Pulitzer Prize, National Book Critics Circle Award, and Carnegie Medal, and PEN / John Kenneth Galbraith Award for Nonfiction. The director of The Eviction Lab, Desmond's research focuses on poverty in America, city life, housing insecurity, and public policy. He is the recipient of a MacArthur Fellowship, the American Bar Association's Silver Gavel Award, and the William Julius Wilson Early Career Award. A Contributing Writer for the New York Times Magazine, Desmond was listed in 2016 among the Politico 50, as one of "fifty people across the country who are most influencing the national political debate."
 
7Name:  Dr. Didier Fassin
 Institution:  Institute for Advanced Study; École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales
 Year Elected:  2022
 Class:  4. Humanities
 Subdivision:  407. Philosophy
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1955
   
 
Didier Fassin is a French anthropologist and sociologist. He is James D. Wolfensohn Professor of Social Science at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton and Director of Studies at the École des Hautes Études in Paris. He has recently been elected at the Collège de France to a permanent Chair named “Moral Questions and Political Issues in Contemporary Societies”. Initially trained as a physician in Paris, he practiced internal medicine as an infectious disease specialist at the Hospital Pitié-Salpétrière and taught public health at the University Pierre et Marie Curie. He also worked as a medical doctor in India and Tunisia. Later shifting to social science, he received his M.A. in anthropology from La Sorbonne, and his PhD from the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, writing his thesis on power relations and health inequalities in Senegal. After having been granted a fellowship by the French Institute for Andean Studies to investigate maternal mortality and living conditions among Indian women in Ecuador, he became assistant professor of sociology in 1991 at the University of Paris North. There, he created CRESP, the Center for Research on Social and Health Issues, working on several public health problems such as the history of child lead poisoning in France and the politics of AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa. Appointed as Professor of sociology at the University of Paris North in 1997, he was elected two years later as Director of studies in anthropology at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales. In 2007, he founded IRIS, the Interdisciplinary Research Institute for Social Sciences, in an effort to bring together anthropologists, sociologists, historians, political scientists and legal scholars around contemporary political and social issues. He himself developed a long-term program exploring the multiple facets of humanitarianism in local and international policies, especially towards the poor, immigrant and refugees, as well as victims of violence and epidemics. In parallel, he launched a research project on borders and boundaries in an attempt to articulate the issues around immigration and racialization. In 2008, he received an Advanced Grant by the European Research Council for his program Towards a Critical Moral Anthropology, which he developed with a team of twelve anthropologists and sociologists. To reappraise theoretical issues in the analysis of morals and ethics, he himself conducted ethnographic research on police, justice and prison in France. In 2009, he succeeded Clifford Geertz at the Institute for Advanced Study, in Princeton, and became the first James D. Wolfensohn Professor of Social Science. His inaugural public lecture was entitled “Critique of Humanitarian Reason”. In 2010, he became Visiting Professor at the Universities of Princeton and Hong Kong. A year later, he created a Summer Program in Social Science for earlier-career scholars from Latin America, the Middle East and Africa, on the basis of two-year sessions, the first one in Princeton, the second one in the Global South. In France, he has been involved in the politics of science, as a member of the Scientific Council of INSERM, the National Institute for Health and Medical Research, of the Ethics Committee of INRA, the National Institute for Agronomic Research, and of the Scientific Council of the City of Paris. In 2006, he became the chair of the Committee for Humanities and Social Science in the French National Agency for Research. In the United States, as a member of the Committee of World Anthropology of the American Anthropological Association appointed in 2010, he was committed to the global circulation of knowledge and the reduction of the gap between the North and the South in the development of social science. And as a guest advisor of the New Jersey Criminal Sentencing and Disposition Commission, he has contributed since 2018 to the reform of the state penal and penitentiary system. His research on punishment was the matter of his Tanner Lectures on Human Values at the University of California, Berkeley, and his reflection on life was the topic of his Adorno Lectures, at the Goethe University of Frankfurt. He also gave the inaugural Lemkin Lecture at Rutgers University on resentment and ressentiment, the Tumin Lecture at Princeton University on the life of things, the Eric Wolf Lecture at the University of Vienna on conspiracy theories, and the Page-Barbour Lectures at the University of Virginia on crisis. He developed a theoretical analysis of the public presence of the social sciences, which he presented in his recipient lecture for the Gold Medal in anthropology at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. The Nomis Distinguished Scientist Award he has been granted has allowed him to conduct a multi-sited research exploring the ubiquitous notion of crisis and its multiple meanings from a global perspective. Appointed in 2019 at the Annual Chair in Public Health at the Collège de France he gave his inaugural lecture on the inequality of lives. In 2021, he was elected at the Academia Europaea and received an Honorary Doctorate from the University of Liège. Apart from his academic career, he has participated in various solidarity non-governmental organizations in France, in particular as Administrator and later Vice-president of MSF, Doctors Without Borders, from 1999 to 2003, and as President of COMEDE, the Medical Committee for the Exiles since 2006. Following the publication of his book on urban policing, he was requested to testify as amicus curiae in the first French lawsuit against racial discrimination in law enforcement. He is a frequent contributor to various media, in France to national radio programs, newspapers and magazines, such as France Culture, Le Monde, Libération and Alternatives économiques, and occasionally writes for the New York Times, the London Review of Books, the Frankfurter Algemeine Zeitung, among others. His publications include: as editor, Contemporary States of Emergency. The Politics of Military and Humanitarian Interventions (with Mariella Pandolfi, Zone Books, 2010), Moral Anthropology. A Companion (Wiley-Blackwell, 2012), Moral Anthropology; A Critical Reader (Routledge, 2014), Writing the World of Policing. The Difference Ethnography Makes (The University of Chicago Press, 2017), If Truth Be Told. The Politics of Public Ethnography (Duke University Press, 2017), A Time for Critique (with Bernard Harcourt, Columbia University Press, 2018), Deepening Divides. How Physical Borders and Social Boundaries Delineates our World (Pluto Press, 2020), Words and Worlds. A Lexicon for Dark Times (with Veena Das, Duke University Press, 2021), Pandemic Exposures. Economy and Society in the Time of Coronavirus (with Marion Fourcade, Hau Books, 2021), Crisis Under Critique. How People Assess, Transform and Respond to Critical Situations (with Axel Honneth, Columbia University Press, 2022), and La Société qui vient (Seuil, 2022); as author, When Bodies Remember. Politics and Experience of AIDS in South Africa (University of California Press, 2007), The Empire of Trauma. An Inquiry into the Condition of Victimhood (with Richard Rechtman, Princeton University Press, 2009), Humanitarian Reason. A Moral History of the Present (University of California Press, 2011), Enforcing Order. An Ethnography of Urban Policing (Polity, 2013), At the Heart of the State. The Moral World of Institutions (with Yasmine Bouagga et al., Pluto, 2015), Four Lectures on Ethics. Anthropological Perspectives (with Michael Lambek, Veena Das & Webb Keane, Hau Books, 2015), Prison Worlds. An Ethnography of the Carceral Condition (Polity, 2016), Life. A Critical User’s Manual (Polity, 2018), The Will to Punish (Oxford University Press, 2018), Policing the City. An Ethno-Graphic (with Frédéric Debomy and Jake Raynal, Other Press, 2021), Death of a Traveller. A Counter Investigation (Polity, 2021), Les Mondes de la santé publique. Excursions anthropologiques. Cours au Collège de France (Seuil, 2021). His books have been translated into eight languages.
 
8Name:  Dr. Christopher Bower Field
 Institution:  Stanford University
 Year Elected:  2022
 Class:  2. Biological Sciences
 Subdivision:  205. Microbiology
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1953
   
 
Christopher Bower Field is the Perry L. McCarty Director of the Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment and the Melvin and Joan Lane Professor for Interdisciplinary Environmental Studies at Stanford University. He earned his Ph.D., also from Stanford, in 1981. He has also worked at the University of Utah, as the Director of the Department of Global Ecology at the Carnegie Institution of Washington, and at the Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve. Field has made fundamental contributions to understanding complex interactions between plants and land ecosystems, and CO2 emissions from human activities. His visionary research on the global carbon cycle showed that projections of future climate require the explicit consideration of land ecosystems and their management. His pioneering work established the links between plant photosynthesis and the global carbon budget, and also demonstrated the important role of nitrogen in limiting the uptake of carbon by natural ecosystems in a higher CO2 world. These and other insights enabled the design of effective strategies for managing agricultural fields, forests and other terrestrial ecosystems in response to climate change. He has also played critical international leadership roles in assessing impacts, adaptation and vulnerabilities related to climate change. He has used research findings to guide policy makers and business leaders in making effective choices to mitigate the adverse impacts of climate change. He is co-recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (2007), and received the Heinz Award (2009), the Max Planck Research Award (2013), the BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award (2013), the Roger Revelle Medal (2014), and the Stephen H. Schneider Award for Outstanding Climate Science Communication (2015). Field has been a member of the National Academy of Sciences since 2001 and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences since 2010. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2022.
 
9Name:  Professor Matthew L. M. Fletcher
 Institution:  University of Michigan Law School
 Year Elected:  2022
 Class:  5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
 Subdivision:  502. Physicians, Theologians, Lawyers, Jurists, Architects, and Members of Other Professions
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1972
   
 
Matthew L. M. Fletcher is the Harry Burns Hutchins Collegiate Professor of Law at the University of Michigan and the Chief Justice of both the Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians and the Poarch Band of Creek Indians. He received his J.D. from the University of Michigan in 1997. He previously worked as a staff attorney for the Pascua Yaqui, Hoopa, Suquamish, and Grand Traverse Tribes, and taught at the Michigan State University College of Law and the University of North Dakota School of Law. He has been a visiting professor at the law schools at the University of Arizona, the University of California, Hastings, the University of Montana, and Stanford University. He is a frequent instructor at the Pre-Law Summer Institute for American Indian students. Fletcher (Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians) is the leading academic and most prolific scholar in American Indian Law today. His scholarship has been cited by the United States Supreme Court; in more than a dozen federal, state, and tribal courts; and in hundreds of law review articles and other secondary legal authorities. Over a decade ago, he proposed and then became the reporter for the American Law Institute (ALI) "Restatement of the Law: The Law of American Indians." Several portions of that work have already received final approval by the ALI. For perhaps two decades, he has operated the influential Turtle Talk blog which students, professors, and attorneys use on a daily basis. He has been a co-author of the leading Indian Law casebook since 2013 and has written numerous other books and dozens of law review articles. These include: American Indian Education: Counternarratives in Racism, Struggle, and the Law (2008), The Return of the Eagle: The Legal History of the Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians (2012), Federal Indian Law (2016), Principles of Federal Indian Law (2017), and The Ghost Road: Anishinaabe Responses to Indian Hating (2020). Fletcher was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2022.
 
10Name:  Ms. Suzan Shown Harjo
 Institution:  The Morning Star Institute
 Year Elected:  2022
 Class:  5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
 Subdivision:  503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1945
   
 
Suzan Shown Harjo is the President of The Morning Star Institute. Her work as a poet, writer, lecturer, curator, activist, and policy advocate is extensive, and includes serving as the Congressional Liaison for American Indian Affairs (1978-1984) and, later, as Director of the National Congress of American Indians (1984-1989). Harjo (Cheyenne and Hodulgee Muscogee) has been the most consistent and effective advocate for Native American rights over the last five decades. She has helped develop critical legislation, including the American Indian Religious Freedom Act, the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act, the American Indian Self Determination and Education Act, and the Passamaquoddy Penobscot Settlement Act. A founding trustee of the Smithsonian National Museum of the American Indian, her work has affected the lives of Native people across a tremendous spectrum, from museum representation, repatriation of human remains, free practice of religion and access to sacred sites, land and treaty rights, and the return of over one million acres of Indigenous lands. Harjo has sustained a distinctly Native cultural voice throughout her long career and continues to produce incisive political commentary and mentor multiple generations of Native American intellectuals. Harjo co-authored My Father's Bones with M.K. Nagle in 2013 and edited Nation to Nation: Treaties Between the United States and American Indian Nations in 2014. Exhibitions she has curated include: Nation to Nation: Treaties Between the United States and American Indian Nations, Smithsonian National Museum of the American Indian; Visions from Native American Art, U.S. Senate Rotunda; American Icons Through Indigenous Eyes, District of Columbia Arts Center. In 2014, Hargo received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the United States' highest civilian honor. She has been a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences since 2020 and was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2022.
 
11Name:  Dr. Elizabeth Hinton
 Institution:  Yale Law School, Yale University
 Year Elected:  2022
 Class:  3. Social Sciences
 Subdivision:  303. History Since 1715
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1983
   
 
Elizabeth Hinton is Associate Professor in the Department of History and the Department of African American Studies at Yale University, with a secondary appointment as Professor of Law at Yale Law School. Considered one of the nation’s leading experts on criminalization and policing, Hinton’s research focuses on the persistence of poverty, racial inequality, and urban violence in the 20th century United States. In her first book, From the War on Poverty to the War on Crime: The Making of Mass Incarceration in America (Harvard University Press), Hinton examines the implementation of federal law enforcement programs beginning in the mid-1960s that transformed domestic social policies and laid the groundwork for the expansion of U.S. policing and prison regimes. From the War on Poverty to the War on Crime received numerous awards and recognition, including the Ralph Waldo Emerson Award from the Phi Beta Kappa Society. Her recent book, America on Fire: The Untold History of Police Violence and Black Rebellion Since the 1960s (Liveright 2021), won a Robert F. Kennedy book award. America on Fire provides a new framework for understanding the problem of police abuse and the broader, systemic repression of Black people and other people of color in post-civil rights America. Both From the War on Poverty to the War on Crime and American on Fire were named New York Times Notable books. Before joining the Yale faculty, Hinton was a Professor in the Department of History and the Department of African and African American Studies at Harvard University. She spent two years as a Postdoctoral Scholar in the Michigan Society of Fellows and Assistant Professor in the Department of Afroamerican and African Studies at the University of Michigan. A Ford Foundation and Carnegie Corporation Fellow, Hinton completed her Ph.D. in United States History from Columbia University in 2013. Hinton’s articles and op-eds can be found in the pages of Science, the Journal of American History, the Journal of Urban History, The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Atlantic, New York Magazine, The Boston Review, The Nation, and Time. She also coedited The New Black History: Revisiting the Second Reconstruction (Palgrave Macmillan 2011) with the late historian Manning Marable.
 
12Name:  Mr. Alberto Ibargüen
 Institution:  John S. and James L. Knight Foundation
 Year Elected:  2022
 Class:  5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
 Subdivision:  503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1944
   
 
Alberto Ibargüen is President and CEO of the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation. He earned his J.D. University of Pennsylvania in 1974. Between college and law school, he served in the Peace Corps in Venezuela and Colombia. After law school, he practiced law as a legal aid attorney and privately before joining The Hartford Courant. He then worked for Newsday in New York prior to moving to Miami where he was publisher of both The Miami Herald and El Nuevo Herald. During his tenure, The Miami Herald won three Pulitzer Prizes and El Nuevo Herald won Spain’s Ortega y Gasset Prize for excellence in journalism. For his work to protect journalists in Latin America, he received a Maria Moors Cabot citation from Columbia University. As president and CEO of the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation, Ibargüen has shifted the foundation’s focus to digital journalism and innovative social investment, supporting the creative arts in unique ways to build a sense of community. He is a member of the boards of the Paley Center for Media and the National Museum of the American Latino, and formerly of the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts, Wesleyan University, Smith College, the Council on Foreign Relations, the Committee to Protect Journalists, and ProPublica, as well as the Secretary of State’s Foreign Affairs Policy Board and the Citizen Advisory Committee of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. He is a former board chair of PBS, the Newseum and the World Wide Web Foundation, founded by web inventor Sir Tim Berners-Lee to promote a free and universal web. He has supported expanding minority representation on numerous boards. Ibargüen has published several articles, including: “How our Half a Billion Investment in Minority-Owned Firms Paid Off: Knight Foundation CEO,” CNBC Philanthropy, 2017; “Our Gutenberg Moment: It’s Time to Grapple with the Internet’s Effect on Democracy,” Huffington Post, 2017; “Build Trust in Democracy by Supporting the Arts,” Chronicle of Philanthropy, 2018; “Support local news—It’s Crucial to Our Lives and Our Democracy,” Miami Herald, 2018. He has been a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences since 2015 and was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2022.
 
13Name:  Dr. Maria Jasin
 Institution:  Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
 Year Elected:  2022
 Class:  2. Biological Sciences
 Subdivision:  202. Cellular and Developmental Biology
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1956
   
 
Maria Jasin is a Professor and molecular biologist at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. She earned her Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1984. Other experience includes serving as a professor at the Weill Cornell University Graduate School of Medical Sciences. Jasin is a giant in the field of gene editing for genome modification and how spontaneous "gene editing" is causally linked to breast cancers. She received the 2019 Shaw Prize in Life Science and Medicine "for her work showing that localized double-strand breaks in DNA stimulate recombination in mammalian cells. This seminal work was essential for and led directly to the tools enabling editing at specific sites in mammalian genomes." She discovered double-strand DNA break repair proceeded both by non-homologous end-joining repair (mutagenesis) and, astonishingly, homology-directed repair (HDR) (precise gene correction). Thus, she established that an endonuclease-generated double strand break in DNA is an efficient approach for gene editing, setting the paradigm that specified genomic DNA damage enables genome modification. She also found that the breast cancer suppressors BRCA1 and BRCA2 are crucial for HDR, and established HDR as a tumor suppression mechanism, discoveries which have transformed therapeutic approaches. She is the recipient of the Basser Global Prize for BRCA Research, from the University of Pennsylvania, and the Shaw Prize in Life Science and Medicine. She is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Medicine, and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. Jasin was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2022.
 
14Name:  Dr. David I. Laibson
 Institution:  Harvard University; National Institutes of Health
 Year Elected:  2022
 Class:  3. Social Sciences
 Subdivision:  302. Economics
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1966
   
 
David Laibson is the Robert I. Goldman Professor of Economics, the Faculty Dean of Lowell House, and leader of the Foundations of Human Behavior Initiative at Harvard University. He has spent the majority of his career at Harvard, including as Harvard College Professor from 2008 to 2013, and chair of the Department of Economics from 2015 to 2018. He earned his Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1994. Laibsonʼs research focuses on the topic of behavioral economics, with emphasis on intertemporal choice, self-regulation, behavior change, household finance, public finance, macroeconomics, asset pricing, aging, and biosocial science. Laibson is a member of the National Bureau of Economic Research, where he directs the National Institute of Aging Roybal Center for Behavior Change in Health and Savings, and is a Research Associate in the Aging, Asset Pricing, and Economic Fluctuations Working Groups. He serves on Harvardʼs Pension Investment Committee and on the Board of the Russell Sage Foundation, where he chairs the finance committee. Laibson serves on the advisory boards of the Social Science Genetics Association Consortium and the Consumer Finance Institute of the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia. Laibson has served as a member of the Academic Research Council of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. Laibson is a recipient of a Marshall Scholarship, a two-time recipient of the TIAA-CREF Paul A. Samuelson Award for Outstanding Scholarly Writing on Lifelong Financial Security, and a recipient of Harvardʼs ΦΒΚ Prize. He is a fellow of the Econometric Society, and a member of both the American Academy of Arts & Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2022.
 
15Name:  Mr. Nicholas Lemann
 Institution:  Columbia University
 Year Elected:  2022
 Class:  5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
 Subdivision:  503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1954
   
 
Nicholas Lemann is the Joseph Pulitzer II & Edith Pulitzer Moore Professor of Journalism and Dean Emeritus of Columbia University's Journalism School. He received his B.A. from Harvard University in 1976, where he concentrated in American history and literature and was president of the Harvard Crimson. He previously served as Associate and Managing Editor of Washington Monthly, Associate and Executive Editor of Texas Monthly, a staff member at The Washington Post, a National Correspondent at The Atlantic Monthly, and the New Yorker's Washington correspondent. During Lemann's time as dean, the Journalism School launched and completed its first capital fundraising campaign, added 20 members to its full-time faculty, built a student center, started its first new professional degree program since the 1930s, and launched significant new initiatives in investigative reporting, digital journalism, executive leadership for news organizations, and other areas. He continues to contribute to The New Yorker as a staff writer and has written widely for such publications as The New York Times, The New York Review of Books, The New Republic, and Slate. He has also worked in documentary television with Blackside, Inc., Frontline, the Discovery Channel, and the BBC. Lemann currently serves on the boards of the Authors Guild, the Knight First Amendment Institute, the Thomson Reuters Founders Share Company, and the Russell Sage Foundation. Lemann's publications include: The Promised Land, 1991; "The Bell Curve Flattened," Slate, 1997; The Big Test: The Secret History of the American Meritocracy, 1999, which led to critical reappraisal of the SAT; Redemption: The Last Battle of the Civil War, 2006; Transaction Man: The Rise of the Deal and the Decline of the American Dream, 2019. He is the recipient of the Los Angeles Times Book Prize (1991) and the Sidney Hillman Prize (1991). He has been a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences since 2010, a member of the New York Institute for the Humanities, and a fellow of the American Academy of Political and Social Science since 2019. Lemann was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2022.
 
16Name:  Dr. Tanya Marie Luhrmann
 Institution:  Stanford University
 Year Elected:  2022
 Class:  4. Humanities
 Subdivision:  407. Philosophy
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1959
   
 
Tanya Marie Luhrmann is the Albert Ray Lang Professor of Anthropology at Stanford University, with a courtesy appointment in Psychology. Her work focuses on the edge of experience: on voices, visions, the world of the supernatural and the world of psychosis. She has done ethnography on the streets of Chicago with homeless and psychotic women, and worked with people who hear voices in Chennai, Accra and the South Bay. She has also done fieldwork with evangelical Christians who seek to hear God speak back, with Zoroastrians who set out to create a more mystical faith, and with people who practice magic. She uses a combination of ethnographic and experimental methods to understand the phenomenology of unusual sensory experiences, the way they are shaped by ideas about minds and persons, and what we can learn from this social shaping that can help us to help those whose voices are distressing. At the heart of the work is the sense of being called, and its possibilities and burden. She was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2003 and received a John Guggenheim Fellowship award in 2007. When God Talks Back was named a NYT Notable Book of the Year and a Kirkus Reviews Best Book of the Year. It was awarded the $100,000 Grawemeyer Prize for Religion by the University of Louisville. She has published over thirty OpEds in The New York Times, and her work has been featured in The New Yorker, The New York Review of Books, The Times Literary Supplement, Science News, and many other publications. She is the author of Persuasions of the Witch’s Craft, The Good Parsi, Of Two Minds, When God Talks Back, Our Most Troubling Madness, and How God Becomes Real and other books, and is currently at work on a book entitled Voices.
 
17Name:  Dr. Tobin Jay Marks
 Institution:  Northwestern University
 Year Elected:  2022
 Class:  1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
 Subdivision:  102. Chemistry and Chemical Biochemistry
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1944
   
 
Tobin Jay Marks is the Vladimir N. Ipatieff Professor of Catalytic Chemistry, Professor of Material Science and Engineering, Professor of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Professor of Applied Physics at Northwestern University. He earned his Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1971. He has spent most of his career at Northwestern, beginning as an Assistant Professor, then full Professor, and later, the Charles E. & Emma H. Morrison Professor of Chemistry. For five decades, Marks has been on the cutting edge of chemistry. Among his most ambitious work is the development of new organic photonics and olefin-polymerization techniques that opened the door to environmentally-friendly plastics. Marks has been "a true giant in the field" Stanford University chemistry professor Richard Zare told Chemical & Engineering News in 2016 when Marks was announced as the recipient of the Priestley Medal from the American Chemical Society. Among Marks' many achievements are the creation of flexible electronic materials for use in solar cells and light-emitting diodes and developing classes of oxide thin films for use in energy efficient materials. The wide scope of his research has resulted in more than a thousand published papers and more than 230 patents. He has also mentored hundreds of students over his career. Marks' major recognitions include the U.S. National Medal of Science, the Spanish Principe de Asturias Prize, the Materials Research Society Von Hippel Award, the Dreyfus Prize in the Chemical Sciences, the National Academy of Sciences Award in Chemical Sciences, and the Israel Harvey Prize. He is a member of the U.S., European, German, Indian, and Italian Academies of Sciences, the U.S. National Academy of Engineering, the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, and the U.S. National Academy of Inventors. He is a Fellow of the U.K. Royal Society of Chemistry, the Materials Research Society, and the American Chemical Society. Marks was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2022.
 
18Name:  Dr. Kathleen McKeown
 Institution:  Columbia University
 Year Elected:  2022
 Class:  1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
 Subdivision:  107
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1954
   
 
Kathleen McKeown is the Henry and Gertrude Rothschild Professor of Computer Science at Columbia University. She was also the Founding Director of Columbia's Data Science Institute, a position she held from July 2012 to June 2017. She served as Department Chair from 1998-2003 and was Vice Dean for Research for the School of Engineering and Applied Science for two years. Before arriving at Columbia, she received a Ph.D. from the University of Pennsylvania in 1982. McKeown has transformed the Natural Language Processing field, pioneering automatic text generation, which she introduced in her Ph.D. thesis. She created the field of automatic text summarization, introducing multi-document summarization to combine information about a single topic from diverse sources, developing NewsBlaster to summarize news for the government after 9/11. She also developed methods for generating medical explanations and identifying social posts in South Chicago likely to lead to violence for social workers' use. At Columbia she was the first female tenured in the Engineering School, started the Women in Computer Sciences Student Group, and was the first female Computer Sciences Chair McKeown received a National Science Foundation Presidential Young Investigator Award in 1985, a National Science Foundation Faculty Award for Women in 1991, and the Anita Borg Woman of Vision Award for Innovation in 2010. She was President of the Association for Computational Linguistics from 1992 to 1993, has been a member of the Association for Computing Machinery since 2003, a member of the United States National Academies of Science, since 2018, and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences since 2019. McKeown was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2022.
 
19Name:  Ms. Leslie Anne Miller
 Institution:  Philadelphia Museum of Art
 Year Elected:  2022
 Class:  5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
 Subdivision:  503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1952
   
 
Leslie Anne Miller is an attorney who has been a leader in her profession and community for over thirty years. During her twenty-five years as a civil litigator, she compiled a list of "firsts": the first woman partner in her law firm, the first woman elected as President of the Pennsylvania Bar Association and the first woman to serve as General Counsel of the Commonwealth under Governor Rendell. Her broad and deep record of civic engagement is notable for the number of leadership positions she has held. She is the current Chair of the Board of the Philadelphia Museum of Art. She was Chair of the Board of Mount Holyoke College, her alma mater. She also served as interim President of the Kimmel Center for the performing arts and Chair of the Philadelphia Flower Show. In addition, she has been an active member of the Boards of numerous academic and not for profit institutions, including the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, the University of Pennsylvania Health System, Temple Law School and the Mayor's Cultural Advisory Board. Equally important has been her work as a mentor and role model for countless women in both the legal profession and broader community. She was the first Chair of the Pennsylvania Bar Association's Commission on Women and the Profession and is currently a member of the Pennsylvania Commission on Women, along with the Pennsylvania Women's Forum and the Forum of Executive Women. In that same spirit, she has also worked tirelessly to help elect women (and a few good men) to local, state and federal offices. Her contributions have been recognized with a variety of honors and awards. Among them: selection as a Distinguished Daughter of Pennsylvania; the Philadelphia Bar Association's Sandra Day O'Connor Award; the Alumnae Medal of Honor from Mount Holyoke College and the Globy Award for Lifetime Achievement. She has also received honorary degrees from the Drexel University School of Law, Thomas Jefferson University's College of Health Professionals and Wilson College. A cum laude graduate of Mount Holyoke College (1973), Miller received a MA from the Eagleton Institute of Politics at Rutgers University (1974), a JD from the Dickinson School of Law (1977) and an LLM with honors from Temple University Law School of law (1994).
 
20Name:  Dr. Salikoko S. Mufwene
 Institution:  University of Chicago
 Year Elected:  2022
 Class:  4. Humanities
 Subdivision:  406. Linguistics
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1947
   
 
Salikoko S. Mufwene is the Edward Carson Waller Distinguished Service Professor of Linguistics and the College at the University of Chicago, where he also serves on the Committee of Evolutionary Biology, the Committee on the Conceptual and Historical Studies of Science, and the Committee on African Studies. He was conferred the honorary title of Extraordinary Professor of Linguistics at the University of the Western Cape, South Africa for 2018-2021. Mufwene refers to his research as evolutionary linguistics, in which he approaches language evolution from an ecological perspective, finding inspiration in macroecology and population genetics. The research focuses on the phylogenetic emergence of languages, language speciation, and language endangerment and loss (LEL). The interest in speciation started with the emergence of creoles, which he extended to that of other forms of the indigenization of European languages in the colonies. He conceives of languages as communication technologies developed through the exaptation of the hominin anatomy by the brain in response to especially changing population structures. The complexity of languages as technologies can be correlated with that of the mind that produces them and has arisen incrementally over the past half million years or so. The power of the mind itself is the outcome of how the brain itself has evolved concurrently with ongoing changes in the hominin anatomy. Human mental capacity accounts generally for the complexity of the cultures that have emerged in different populations, by contrast with what we know of the cultures of other animals. Mufwene has published over 300 journal articles, book chapters, and book reviews. His many authored and (co-)edited books include: Africanisms in Afro-American language varieties – editor (the University of Georgia Press, 1993); African-American English: Structure, history and use, co- edited with John Rickford, Guy Bailey, & John Baugh (Routledge, included among the linguistics classics of the Publisher); The Ecology of Language Evolution (CUP, 2001—translated into Mandarin and included among the classics of the Commercial Press in linguistics, in China); Créoles, écologie sociale, évolution linguistique: cours donnés au Collège de France durant l’automne 2003 (L’Harmattan, 2005); Polymorphous linguistics: Jim McCawley’s legacy – co-edited with Elaine J. Francis and Rebecca S. Wheeler (MIT Press, 2005); Language Evolution: Contact, competition and change (Continuum Press, 2008); Globalization and language vitality: Perspectives from Africa, co-edited with Cécile B. Vigouroux (Continuum Press, 2008); Iberian Imperialism and Language Evolution in Latin America – editor (the University of Chicago Press, 2014); Colonisation, globalisation, vitalité du français – co-edited with Cécile B. Vigouroux (Odile Jacob, 2014); Complexity in language: Developmental and evolutionary perspectives – co-edited with Christophe Coupé & François Pellegrino (CUP, 2017); Bridging Linguistics and Economics – co-edited with Cécile B. Vigouroux (CUP, 2020); and The Cambridge Handbook of Language Contact, 2 volumes – co-edited with Anna María Escobar (June 2022). Mufwene is the founding editor of the book series Cambridge Approaches to Language Contact (2001-) and has been invited to edit the book series Cambridge Elements in Language Contact (still in preparation). Mufwene is a Native of the now Democratic Republic of Congo (formerly the Republic of Zaïre), where he completed his BA in English Philology at the Université Nationale du Zaïre at Lubumbashi, with Highest Honors, in 1973. He enrolled at the University of Chicago in 1974 for his graduate training and earned his PhD, with distinction, in 1979. His dissertation was in Generative Semantics, perhaps one of the last dissertations in this research paradigm. He went to work at the University of the West Indies, at Mona, Jamaica (Jan 1980 – July 1981); and there he retooled himself to do creole linguistics, focusing first on structures of these new vernaculars and then shifting gradually to the subject matter of their emergence. In September 1981, he moved to the University of Georgia, where, reading literature in both chaos theory and evolutionary biology, he started developing his ecological approach to the emergence of creoles and compared the case of English creoles with that of Indigenized Englishes in former British exploitation colonies of Africa and Asia. Since Dec. 1991, he has been teaching at the University of Chicago and chaired its Department of Linguistics from 1995 to 2001. The growing linguistics interest in LEL prompted him to undertake research on globalization and language. This is an expansion of his ecological approach to language evolution. Focusing on language birth and death, he has questioned the claim that worldwide globalization has been the driver of these evolutionary processes. According to him, worldwide globalization provides remote causes; the real actuators of language speciation and the concurrent LEL are local, produced by the local population structures, including the relevant socioeconomic systems. The approach can explain why the linguistic effects of colonization of the world by Europeans have varied not only between the settlement and exploitation colonies but also from one polity to another, including territories colonized in the same style. In some places, one must also factor in layers of colonization of differing styles such as in South Africa. Mufwene is now revising a book typescript on the subject matter. He is an advocate of decolonial linguistics. Mufwene was a visiting professor at the Université Jean-Moulin, Lyon, France (Fall 1989); the University of the West Indies at Mona (summer 2001); the National University of Singapore (fall 2001); Harvard University (spring 2002); le Collège de France (fall 2003); Université de Paris, Sorbonne (fall 2004); Institut Universitaire de France (April & May 2006); University of São Paulo (June 2009); and Nanyang Technological University (spring 2018); among a few other places. He was a fellow at the Institute for Advanced Study in Lyon, France (Oct. 2011 - June 2011), taught 4 times at the Summer Institute of Linguistic Society of America (1999, 2005, 2015, 2017); and was inducted Fellow of the Linguistic Society of America in 2018. In 2021 colleagues and friends from different disciplines celebrated his interdisciplinary scholarship with a Festschrift titled Variation rolls the dice: A worldwide collage in honour of Salikoko S. Mufwene, ed. by Enoch Oladé Aboh and Cécile B. Vigouroux (John Benjamins).
 
Election Year
2022[X]
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