| | 1 | Name: | Don Cameron Allen | | | Year Elected: | 1958 | | | Class: | 4. Humanities | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1904 | | | Death Date: | 8/4/72 | | | | |
| 2 | Name: | Allen V. Astin | | | Year Elected: | 1958 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1904 | | | Death Date: | 2/4/84 | | | | |
| 3 | Name: | Dr. John Bardeen | | | Institution: | University of Illinois | | | Year Elected: | 1958 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 106. Physics | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1908 | | | Death Date: | 1/30/91 | | | | |
| 4 | Name: | Dr. Herbert Bloch | | | Institution: | Harvard University | | | Year Elected: | 1958 | | | Class: | 4. Humanities | | | Subdivision: | 405. History and Philology, East and West, through the 17th Century | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1911 | | | Death Date: | September 6, 2006 | | | | |
| 5 | Name: | Karl R. Bopp | | | Year Elected: | 1958 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1906 | | | Death Date: | 2/24/79 | | | | |
| 6 | Name: | Catherine Drinker Bowen | | | Year Elected: | 1958 | | | Class: | 4. Humanities | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1897 | | | Death Date: | 11/1/73 | | | | |
| 7 | Name: | Dr. Carl Bridenbaugh | | | Institution: | Brown University | | | Year Elected: | 1958 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 303. History Since 1715 | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1903 | | | Death Date: | 1/6/92 | | | | |
| 8 | Name: | Dr. Britton Chance | | | Institution: | University of Pennsylvania | | | Year Elected: | 1958 | | | Class: | 2. Biological Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 201. Molecular Biology and Biochemistry | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1913 | | | Death Date: | November 16, 2010 | | | | | | |
Britton Chance had been Eldridge Reeves Johnson University Professor Emeritus of Biophysics at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine since 1983. He earned his Ph.D. from the University of Pennyslvania in 1940 and was affiliated with the university for over 65 years, primarily in its biophysics and biochemistry departments. During the war years he led advances in radar and automatic ship steering and later designed experiments which demonstrated a mastery of cellular physiology. Using revolutionary methods he also made fundamental discoveries in the complex interrelations of substrate-enzyme systems. Dr. Chance's recent research interests included the study of the basic theory of photon migration through tissues; the use of picosecond pulsed and high frequency modulation of near infrared (NIR) light in human brain, breast and muscle, to characterize tissue optical properties; the use of imaging systems to detect breast tumors and hemorrhage deep within tissues; and human brain function in cognitive activity. Dr. Chance was a member of the National Academy of Sciences (1954) and American Academy of Arts & Sciences (1955) and has over 1,300 original scientific publications to his credit. In 1990 Dr. Chance was presented with the American Philosophical Society's Benjamin Franklin Medal for Distinguished Achievement in the Sciences. The citation described Dr. Chance as "a monumental figure in biology and the medical sciences, whose unequalled productivity and energy have advanced, for more than half a century, the frontiers of basic research and clinical medicine." Britton Chance died November 16, 2010, at age 97, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. | |
| 9 | Name: | Dr. Leo Goldberg | | | Year Elected: | 1958 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 101. Astronomy | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1913 | | | Death Date: | 11/1/87 | | | | |
| 10 | Name: | Dr. James Willard Hurst | | | Institution: | University of Wisconsin | | | Year Elected: | 1958 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 304. Jurisprudence and Political Science | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1910 | | | Death Date: | 6/18/97 | | | | |
| 11 | Name: | Carl Hermann Kraeling | | | Year Elected: | 1958 | | | Class: | 4. Humanities | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1897 | | | Death Date: | 11/14/66 | | | | |
| 12 | Name: | Dr. Deane Montgomery | | | Institution: | Institute for Advanced Study | | | Year Elected: | 1958 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 104. Mathematics | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1909 | | | Death Date: | 3/15/92 | | | | |
| 13 | Name: | Dr. Wilbert E. Moore | | | Institution: | University of Denver | | | Year Elected: | 1958 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 302. Economics | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1914 | | | Death Date: | 1/5/88 | | | | |
| 14 | Name: | Dr. Don K. Price | | | Institution: | Harvard University | | | Year Elected: | 1958 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 304. Jurisprudence and Political Science | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1910 | | | Death Date: | 7/10/95 | | | | |
| 15 | Name: | Dr. Norman F. Ramsey | | | Institution: | Harvard University | | | Year Elected: | 1958 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 106. Physics | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1915 | | | Death Date: | November 4, 2011 | | | | | | |
Norman F. Ramsey won the Nobel Prize in 1989 for his work on the hydrogen maser and the atomic clock, which underpins the Global Positioning System and many other important technologies. He did his Ph.D. work under I.I. Rabi at Columbia University, and during WWII he worked on the Manhattan Project and at the MIT Radiation Lab on the development of radar. Dr. Ramsey then returned to Columbia as a professor, working with Rabi and others on molecular beam research. Together with Rabi, he laid the groundwork for the establishment of Brookhaven National Laboratory, and in 1946 he became the first head of its physics department. A year later, he accepted a professorship at Harvard University and remained at Harvard, becoming Higgins Professor of Physics Emeritus in 1986 although he continued his work through the early 90s. Dr. Ramsey was recognized with numerous prestigious research awards as well as the Oersted Medal in recognition of his contributions to physics and math teaching. A former Science Advisor to NATO, he has been honored with membership in the American Physical Society and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. Dr. Ramsey died on November 4, 2011, at the age of 96 in Wayland, Massachusetts. | |
| 16 | Name: | Dr. Kenneth B. Raper | | | Year Elected: | 1958 | | | Class: | 2. Biological Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 208. Plant Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1908 | | | Death Date: | 1/16/87 | | | | |
| 17 | Name: | Dr. Jonathan E. Rhoads | | | Institution: | University of Pennsylvania | | | Year Elected: | 1958 | | | Class: | 2. Biological Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 204. Medicine, Surgery, Pathology and Immunology | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1907 | | | Death Date: | January 3, 2002 | | | | |
| 18 | Name: | Dr. Paul A. Samuelson | | | Institution: | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | | | Year Elected: | 1958 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 302. Economics | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1915 | | | Death Date: | December 13, 2009 | | | | | | |
Perhaps more than anyone else, Paul A. Samuelson has personified mainstream economics in the second half of the twentieth century. Author of the premier principles textbook, he is presently Institute Professor Emeritus at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he has taught since 1940. Dr. Samuelson's most famous piece of work, Foundations of Economic Analysis (1947), helped revive Neoclassical economics and launched the era of the mathematization of economics. He was also one of the progenitors of the Paretian revival in microeconomics and the Neo-Keynesian Synthesis in macroeconomics during the post-war period. A graduate of Harvard University (Ph.D., 1941), where he studied under Schumpeter and Leontief, Dr. Samuelson early on demonstrated a prodigious grasp of economic theory. After moving to M.I.T., he built one of the century's most powerful economics departments while espousing two rules which can be said to characterize much of Neoclassical economics since: with every economic problem (1) reduce the number of variables and keep only a minumum set of simple economic relations; and (2) if possible, rewrite it as a constrained optimization problem. In microeconomics, Dr. Samuelson is responsible for the theory of revealed preference. He also introduced the use of comparative statics and dynamics through his "correspondence principle" which was applied fruitfully in his contributions to the dynamic stability of general equilibrium. He also developed what are now called "Bergson-Samuelson social welfare functions" and he is responsible for the harnessing of "public goods" into Neoclassical theory. Dr. Samuelson was also instrumental in establishing the modern theory of production. His Foundations are responsible for the envelope theorem and the full characterization of the cost function. He also made important contributions to the theory of technical progress. His work on the theory of capital is also well known, if contentious. He demonstrated one of the first remarkable "Non-Substitution" theorems and, in his famous paper with Solow, initiated the analysis of dynamic Leontief systems. This work was famously reiterated in his famous 1958 volume on linear programming with Dorfman and Solow, wherein we also find a clear introduction to the "turnpike" conjecture of linear von Neumann systems. In international trade theory, he is responsible for the Stolper-Samuelson Theorem and, independently of Lerner, the Factor Price Equalization theorem as well as resolving the age-old "transfer problem" relating terms of trade and capital flows as well as the Marxian transformation problem and other issues in Classical economics. In macroeconomics, Dr. Samuelson's multiplier-accelerator macrodynamic model is justly famous, as is his presentation of the Phillips Curve. He is also famous for popularizing Allais's "overlapping generations" model which has since found many applications in macroeconomics and monetary theory. In many ways, his work on speculative prices effectively anticipates the efficient markets hypothesis in finance theory. His work on diversification and the "lifetime portfolio" (1969) is also well known. Paul Samuelson's many contributions to Neoclassical economic theory were recognized with a Nobel Memorial prize in 1970. | |
| 19 | Name: | Stanley Smith Stevens | | | Year Elected: | 1958 | | | Class: | 2. Biological Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1907 | | | Death Date: | 1/18/73 | | | | |
| 20 | Name: | Dr. Owsei Temkin | | | Institution: | Johns Hopkins University | | | Year Elected: | 1958 | | | Class: | 4. Humanities | | | Subdivision: | 404. History of the Arts, Literature, Religion and Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1902 | | | Death Date: | July 18, 2002 | | | | |
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