APS Member History

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201	Name:	Augustin P. de Candolle
	Year Elected:	1841
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Deceased

202	Name:	Professor Sir David Cannadine
	Institution:	British Academy; Princeton University
	Year Elected:	2019
	Class:	5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
	Subdivision:	503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1950

	David Cannadine is the former President of the British Academy, the Dodge Professor of History Emeritus at Princeton University, and a Visiting Professor of History at Oxford University. He earned his D.Phil. from Oxford University in 1975. His work history includes St. John's College and Christ's College at Cambridge University, being Moore Collegiate Professor of History at Columbia University, being Director of the Institute of Historical Research and Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother Professor of British History at University of London, and Whitney J. Oates Senior Research Scholar and Lecturer with the rank of Professor at Princeton University. David Cannadine is a distinguished historian of modern Britain (knighted for his work in 2009) who for many years has led a trans-Atlantic life, teaching at Princeton and Oxford while publishing a steady stream of well-received books. The first in his family to attend university, he has a deep research interest in the role of class in British life and history. He is active in many British learned societies and became president of the British Academy in 2017. His works include Decline and Fall of the British Aristocracy (1990), The Rise and Fall of Class in Britain (1998), Ornamentalism: How the British Saw the Empire (2001), Margaret Thatcher: A Life (2016), and Victorious Century: The United Kingdom 1800-1906 (2017). Among his honors are the Lionel Trilling Prize in 2009, the Dean's Distinguished Award in the Humanities of Columbia University in 1996, the Dickinson Medal of the Newcomen Society in 2003, Knight Bachelor in 2008, Tercentenary Medal of the Society of Antiquaries in 2008, and the Minerva Medal of the Royal Philosophical Society of Glasgow in 2012. He is a member of the Royal Historical Society (1981), the Royal Society of Arts (1998), the Royal Society of Literature (1999), the British Academy (1999), the Society of Antiquaries of London (2005), and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences (2018). David Cannadine was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2019.

203	Name:	Tommaso Cannizzaro
	Year Elected:	1885
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Deceased

204	Name:	Dr. Nicholas Canny
	Institution:	Moore Institute for Research in the Humanities and Social Studies, University of Galway
	Year Elected:	2007
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1944

	Nicholas Canny, a historian, has been a Member of the Scientific Council of the European Research Council since 2011. He held an Established Chair in History at the National University of Ireland, Galway, 1979-2009, where he also served as Founding Director of the Moore Institute for Research in the Humanities, 2000-11, and as Vice President for Research, 2005-8. He was President of the Royal Irish Academy 2008-11and in 2020 received it's highest honor, the Cunningham Medal. He is a Member of Academia Europaea, a Corresponding Fellow of the British Academy and of the Real Academia de la Historia (Madrid). He was elected a Member of the American Philosophical Society in 2007. He has been a Member of the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton; professeur invité at the École des Hautes Études, Paris, and was Parnell Senior Research Fellow at Magdalene College, University of Cambridge, 2005-6. An expert on early modern history broadly defined, he edited the first volume of The Oxford History of the British Empire (1998) and, with Philip D. Morgan, edited The Oxford Handbook of the Atlantic World, c1450-c1850 (2011). His major book is Making Ireland British, 1580-1650 (Oxford, 2001), for which he was awarded the Irish Historical Research Prize 2003; a prize he had previously won in 1976 for his first book The Elizabethan Conquest of Ireland: a Pattern Established, 1565-76. He was invited to give the Raleigh Lecture for 2011 to the British Academy which has been published as ‘A Protestant or Catholic Atlantic World? Confessional Divisions and the Writing of Natural History’ in Proceedings of the British Academy, vol. 181, pp. 83-121.

205	Name:	Giovanni Capellini
	Year Elected:	1873
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Deceased

206	Name:	Lord Caradon
	Institution:	Princeton University
	Year Elected:	1978
	Class:	5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
	Subdivision:	503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1907
	Death Date:	9/5/90

207	Name:	Giacinto Carena
	Year Elected:	1831
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Deceased

208	Name:	Gustaf von Carleson
	Year Elected:	1795
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Deceased

209	Name:	Auguste Carlier
	Year Elected:	1869
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Deceased

210	Name:	Nicholas Carlisle
	Year Elected:	1836
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Deceased

211	Name:	His Majesty Juan Carlos
	Institution:	King of Spain
	Year Elected:	1992
	Class:	5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
	Subdivision:	503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1938

	Juan Carlos de Borbon y Borbon was born in 1938 in Rome, where the Spanish Royal Family was living at that time, having had to leave Spain when the Republic was proclaimed in 1931. He is the son of Don Juan de Borbon y Battenberg, Count of Barcelona and Head of the Spanish Royal Household ever since King Alfonso XIII had relinquished this status, and Dona Maria de las Mercedes de Borbon y Orleans. At the express wish of his father, he was educated in Spain, which he visited for the first time at the age of ten. In 1954 he completed his Baccalaureate at the San Isidro School in Madrid, and in 1955 began his studies at the Academies and Military Colleges of the Army, the Navy and the Air Force. During this time he carried out his practice voyage as a midshipman on the training ship Juan Sebastian Elcano and qualified as a military pilot. In 1960-61 he completed his education at Madrid's Complutense University, where he studied constitutional and international law, economics and taxation. On May 14th, 1962, he married Princess Sofia of Greece, the eldest daughter of King Paul I and Queen Federika, in Athens. After their honeymoon, the Prince and Princess went to live at the Palacio de la Zarzuela, on the outskirts of Madrid, which is still their residence. In 1963 the first of their three children, Princess Elena, was born, followed, two years later, by Princess Cristina and finally, in 1968, by Prince Felipe. After his designation as future successor to the Head of State in 1969, he embarked on a series of official activities, touring Spain and visiting many foreign countries, including France, the Federal Republic of Germany, the United States, Japan, China and India. Upon the death of the previous Head of State, Francisco Franco, Juan Carlos was proclaimed King on November 22nd, 1975. In his first message to the nation he expressed the basic ideas of his reign, to restore democracy and become King of all Spaniards, without exception. The transition to democracy, under the guidance of a new Government, began with the Law on Political Reform in 1976. In May 1977, the Count of Barcelona transferred to the King his dynasty rights and his position as head of the Spanish Royal Household, at a ceremony which confirmed the fulfillment of the role incumbent on the Crown in the restoration of democracy. A month later the first democratic election since 1936 was held, and the new parliament drafted the text of the current Constitution, which was approved in a referendum on December 6th, 1978. The Constitution established as the form of government of the Spanish State that of a parliamentary monarchy, in which the King is the arbiter and overseer of the proper working of the institutions. By giving the royal assent to this Constitution, King Juan Carlos expressly proclaimed his firm intention to abide by it and serve it. In fact, it was the actions of the Monarch that saved the Constitution and democracy during the night of February 23, 1981, when the constitutional powers had been retained in the Parliament building in an attempted coup. In the course of 18 years the King has toured Europe, Latin America, the United States and Canada, the Middle East, China, Japan, Indonesia, Australia, New Zealand and many countries in Africa. He has also addressed many international organizations: the United Nations, the institutions of the European Union, the Council of Europe, the Organization of American States, UNESCO, the International Labour Organization and the Arab League. The King has encouraged a new style in conducting relations with Latin America, emphasizing the identifying features of a cultural community based on a common language, and pointing out the need to generate common initiatives and take part in suitable kinds of cooperative activity. The countries of that area have shown great generosity in agreeing on the need to create a permanent framework capable of expressing this new situation, setting objectives and organizing programs and specific lines of action. This is the rationale behind the Latin American Conferences, the first of which was held in Guadalajara, Mexico, in 1991. As a convinced European and a winner of the Charlemagne Award in 1982, Juan Carlos delivers insistent reminders of Spain's European calling throughout its history. The importance of the European Union in the contemporary world and in particular in the areas which are most akin to it, including Latin America, has been stressed by the King in many messages, such as the one he gave at the French National Assembly in 1993. King Juan Carlos, who pays constant attention to the world of intellectual developments and its capacity for innovation, has a special relationship with universities, both in Spain and abroad, where he has had conferred upon him honorary doctorates by the most renowned centers, including the Universities of Bologna, Oxford, Cambridge and Harvard, amongst many others. He is also an associate member of the Institut de France. He also pays special attention to the future of the Spanish language and the heritage of the community of Spanish speakers. The King is honorary president of the Board of Trustees of the Cervantes Institute, which is dedicated to the dissemination of the Spanish language worldwide, and the Foundation in support of the Royal Academy, to whose setting up in 1993 he contributed out of his own personal patrimony. As a keen practitioner of several sports, such as skiing and sailing, Juan Carlos supports and appreciates sport as a formative influence of unquestionable social value. The presence of the King and Queen and their encouragement of the Spanish Olympic teams during the Games in Barcelona in 1992 attest to the importance which Juan Carlos attaches to this activity. In 2014 Juan Carlos abdicated his throne in favor of his son, Felipe.

212	Name:	William B. Carpenter
	Year Elected:	1845
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Deceased

213	Name:	Cecil T. Carr
	Year Elected:	1944
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	5/13/66

214	Name:	Edward Hallett Carr
	Year Elected:	1967
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1892
	Death Date:	11/--/82

215	Name:	Bishop Crescencio Carrillo
	Year Elected:	1886
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Deceased

216	Name:	Prof. Hendrik B. G. Casimir
	Institution:	University of Leiden
	Year Elected:	1971
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Subdivision:	106. Physics
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1909
	Death Date:	May 4, 2000

217	Name:	Alfonso Caso y Andrade
	Year Elected:	1961
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1896
	Death Date:	11/30/70

218	Name:	Dr. Torbjörn Caspersson
	Institution:	Karolinska Sjukhuset
	Year Elected:	1974
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Subdivision:	204. Medicine, Surgery, Pathology and Immunology
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1910
	Death Date:	December 7, 1997

219	Name:	Dr. Jorge G. Castañeda
	Institution:	New York University; National Autonomous University of Mexico
	Year Elected:	2008
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	304. Jurisprudence and Political Science
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1953

	Jorge G. Castañeda has been Global Distinguished Professor of Politics and Latin American and Caribbean Studies at New York University since 1997. He was Foreign Minister of Mexico for three years under the Vicente Fox administration and served as professor of political science at the National Autonomous University of Mexico from 1978 to 2003. He has also been a visiting professor at Princeton University, the University of California, Berkeley, Cambridge University, the University of Paris and Dartmouth University. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Paris in 1978. For three decades Jorge Castañeda has been a leading public intellectual, publishing widely in French, English and Spanish. He is the author of numerous books on political mobilization, political succession and international relations. Limits To Friendship: The United States and Mexico (1988) outlines the difficulties of foreign relations with a superpower; The Mexican Shock: Its Meaning for the United States (1995) examines the ways in which free trade has affected binational issues; and Perpetuating Power: How Mexican Presidents Were Chosen (2000) elucidates the byzantine process by which Mexico’s ruling party selected its presidents. He is also the author of Unarmed: The Latin American Left after the Cold War (1993) and Compañero: The Life and Death of Che Guevara (1997). His most recent book is Ex Mex: Mexicans in the U.S. – from Migrants to Immigrants (2008). Jorge Castañeda was an outspoken critic of the country’s autocratic political system prior to its transition to open elections in 2000. He has been active with a number of human rights organizations, serving on the board of directors of Human Rights Watch, as a member of Project Syndicate, and as senior associate at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. He was awarded a MacArthur Foundation Grant in 1989. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2008.

220	Name:	Conte Luigi Castiglioni
	Year Elected:	1786
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Deceased

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