APS Member History

Results: 42 Items	Modify Search \| New Search
Page: Prev 1 2 3 Next	Reset Page

21	Name:	Dr. Margaret Galland Kivelson
	Institution:	University of California, Los Angeles; University of Michigan
	Year Elected:	2005
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Subdivision:	105. Physical Earth Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1928

	Margaret Kivelson is Distinguished Professor of Space Physics in the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics (Acting Director in 1999-2000) and the Department of Earth and Space Sciences (Chair from 1984-1987) at UCLA, where she has served on the faculty since 1975. Her research interests are in the areas of solar terrestrial physics and planetary science. She is known for work on the particles and magnetic fields in the surroundings of Earth and Jupiter and for investigations of properties of Jupiter's Galilean moons. She was the Principal Investigator for the Magnetometer on the Galileo Orbiter that acquired data in Jupiter's magnetosphere for eight years and is a Co-Investigator on various other investigations including the FGM (magnetometer) of the Cluster mission. Dr. Kivelson obtained her A.B. in 1950 and her A.M. and Ph.D. in 1952 and 1957, respectively, from Radcliffe College, Harvard University. Her honors include a Guggenheim Fellowship (1973-74), the Radcliffe Graduate Society Medal (1983), the Harvard University 350th Anniversary Alumni Medal (1986), several NASA Group Achievement Awards, and memberships in the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, the National Academy of Sciences and the American Philosophical Society. She is a Fellow of the American Geophysical Union, the American Physical Society, the International Academy of Astronautics, and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. She was awarded the Alfvén Medal of the European Geophysical Union and the Fleming Medal of the American Geophysical Union in 2005. She has served on numerous advisory committees, including the Space Studies Board of the National Research Council, and is a Council Member of the National Academy of Sciences. Dr. Kivelson has published more than 300 research papers and is co-editor of a widely used textbook on space physics. She has presented numerous seminars and invited talks at scientific conferences. In addition, she lectures on space research to K-12 students and other general audiences. She has been active in efforts to identify the barriers faced by women as students, faculty and practitioners of the physical sciences and to improve the environment in which they function.

22	Name:	Mr. Larry D. Kramer
	Institution:	William and Flora Hewlett Foundation
	Year Elected:	2005
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	304. Jurisprudence and Political Science
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1958

	In the fall of 2012 Larry Kramer became President of the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation, stepping down as Richard E. Lang Professor and Dean of the Stanford Law School. He graduated from Brown University in 1980 and the University of Chicago Law School in 1984. After law school, he clerked for Judge Henry Friendly of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, and for Justice William J. Brennan, Jr., of the United States Supreme Court. Dr. Kramer joined the faculty at the University of Chicago Law School in 1986, becoming a full professor in 1989. He left Chicago for the University of Michigan in 1990 and went from there to New York University in 1994. He became the Russell D. Niles Professor of Law in 2001 and the Associate Dean for Academics and Research in 2003. Dr. Kramer left NYU to assume the deanship of Stanford in 2004. He has written extensively in the areas of constitutional law and history, federal courts, conflict of laws, and civil procedure. He served as Reporter to the Federal Courts Study Committee, and before becoming dean, consulted regularly with the New York office of Mayer, Brown, Rowe and Maw. His current research interests are primarily in the areas of constitutional law and history.

23	Name:	Dr. Anne O. Krueger
	Institution:	Johns Hopkins University; Stanford University
	Year Elected:	2005
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	302. Economics
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1934

	Anne O. Krueger is professor of international economics at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Economics in Washington, D.C. She was First Deputy Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) from 2001 to 2006. Prior to joining the IMF, Dr. Krueger was the Herald L. and Caroline L. Ritch Professor in Humanities and Sciences in the Department of Economics at Stanford University. She was also the founding director of Stanford's Center for Research on Economic Development and Policy Reform and a Senior Fellow of the Hoover Institution. Dr. Krueger previously taught at the University of Minnesota and Duke University and from 1982-86 was the World Bank's Vice President for Economics and Research. She received her undergraduate degree from Oberlin College and her Ph.D. in economics from the University of Wisconsin.

24	Name:	Mr. Anthony Lewis
	Institution:	New York Review of Books; The New York Times
	Year Elected:	2005
	Class:	5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
	Subdivision:	502. Physicians, Theologians, Lawyers, Jurists, Architects, and Members of Other Professions
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1927
	Death Date:	March 25, 2013

	Anthony Lewis was a columnist for the New York Times from 1969 to 2001. He has twice won the Pulitzer Prize. In 2001 he was awarded the Presidential Citizens Medal and in 2009 he was awarded the Burton Benjamin Award of the Committee to Protect Journalists. He was born in New York City on March 27, 1927. He attended Horace Mann School in New York City and Harvard College, receiving a B.A. in 1948. From 1948 to 1952 he was a deskman in the Sunday Department of The Times. In 1952 he became a reporter for the Washington Daily News. In 1955 he won a Pulitzer Prize for national reporting for a series of articles in the Washington Daily News on the dismissal of a Navy employee as a security risk. The articles led to the employee's reinstatement. In 1955 Mr. Lewis joined the Washington Bureau of the New York Times. In 1956-57 he was a Nieman Fellow; he spent the academic year studying at Harvard Law School. Upon his return to Washington, he covered the Supreme Court, the Justice Department and other legal matters including the government's handling of the civil rights movement, for the New York Times. He won a Pulitzer Prize for his coverage of the Supreme Court in 1963. He became Chief of the Times London Bureau in 1964. He began writing his column from London in 1969. Since 1973 he has been located in Boston. He traveled frequently, in this country and abroad. He is the author of four books: Gideon's Trumpet, about a landmark Supreme Court case; Portrait of a Decade, about the great changes in American race relations; Make No Law: The Sullivan Case and the First Amendment; and Freedom for the Thought That We Hate: A Biography of the First Amendment. Mr. Lewis was for fifteen years a lecturer on law at Harvard Law School, teaching a course on the Constitution and the press. He has taught at a number of other universities as a visitor, among them the Universities of California, Illinois, Oregon and Arizona. Since 1983 he has held the James Madison Visiting Professorship at Columbia University. Anthony Lewis died on March 25, 2013, at the age of 85 in Cambridge, Massachusetts. He was married to Margaret H. Marshall, Chief Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts.

25	Name:	Dr. Richard Losick
	Institution:	Harvard University
	Year Elected:	2005
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Subdivision:	202. Cellular and Developmental Biology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1943

	Richard Losick received his B.A. from Princeton University in 1965 and his Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1969. He was elected to the Harvard Society of Fellows as a Junior Fellow in 1969, and in 1972 he joined the faculty of Harvard University, where he is currently the Maria Moors Cabot Professor of Biology, a Harvard College Professor, and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Professor. He is a past chairman of the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and the Department of Cellular and Developmental Biology. He teaches the introductory course on molecular biology at Harvard College, and as Head Tutor he is responsible for the undergraduate concentration in Biochemical Sciences. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, a Fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology, and a former Visiting Scholar of the Phi Beta Kappa Society. His research interests include RNA polymerase, gene transcription and its control, and development in microorganisms. Recently, Dr. Losick was honored with the 2007 Selman A. Waksman Award in Microbiology for "discovering alternative bacterial sigma factors and his fundamnetal contributions to understanding the mechanicsm of bacterial sporulation" and the 2012 Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize for discovering the structure of bacteria.

26	Name:	Dr. Roderick MacKinnon
	Institution:	Rockefeller University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
	Year Elected:	2005
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Subdivision:	206. Physiology, Biophysics, and Pharmacology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1956

	Roderick MacKinnon received an undergraduate degree from Brandeis University, a medical degree from Tufts University, and training in Internal Medicine at Beth Israel Hospital, Harvard Medical School. He then began his scientific career studying the biophysics of potassium channels at Brandeis University from 1986-89. He joined the faculty at Harvard Medical School as Assistant Professor of Physiology (1989), Associate Professor of Neurobiology (1992) and Professor of Neurobiology (1995). During this period he and his laboratory characterized potassium channels - their subunit stoichiometry, pore-lining amino acids, and components of their gates - through biochemical and functional analysis. He then moved to Rockefeller University in 1996 where his laboratory has provided the first atomic descriptions of ion selective membrane channels. He is currently a professor in the laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology and Biophysics at Rockefeller University and Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. In 2003 he shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Peter Agre for his structural and mechanistic studies of ion channels.

27	Name:	Dr. Jerry M. Melillo
	Institution:	The Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory
	Year Elected:	2005
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Subdivision:	105. Physical Earth Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1943

	Jerry Melillo is an ecologist/biogeochemist and was the Co-Director of The Ecosystem Center at the Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL) in Woods Hole, Massachusetts. He is an alumnus of Wesleyan (BA, MAT) and Yale (MFS, Ph.D.). Dr. Melillo has been at the MBL for 30 years and has become a prominent figure in science policy, recognized internationally for his research on global warming and climate change. He is interested in how human activities are altering the biology and chemistry of terrestrial ecosystems. His studies take him around the world, from the tropics of Brazil to the Swedish sub-Arctic. Melillo studies carbon and nitrogen cycling in terrestrial ecosystems by using a combination of large field experiments and computer simulation models. Both are critical to understanding how climate change might affect our world in the future. Together with his colleagues, Melillo is presently conducting a soil-warming experiment at the Harvard Forest in western Massachusetts and a carbon dioxide enrichment and plant and soil warming experiment at the Abisko Research Station in northern Sweden to study the effects of global warming on soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics, plant growth, and potential feedbacks to the climate system. In addition to field research, Melillo uses computer simulation models to help answer the many "what if" questions related to the effects of future climate change. The models not only synthesize and integrate a lot of information, but they help give rise to new field experiments. Melillo and his colleagues are using the results of their field experiments and their computer simulation models to explore the consequences of a range of stresses, such as climate change, ozone pollution and acid rain, on the forests of New England. How will forest growth be affected? Might some tree species do better than others, such that the composition of our forests will change? Will the quality of water draining from the affected forests be diminished? Melillo and other Ecosystem Center scientists are collaborating with Chinese researchers to explore similar questions about the forests of China. Working with Brazilian scientists, Melillo and other Center scientists are studying how the clearing of rainforests of the Amazon Basin for pastures and soybean fields affects the rate at which climate-changing greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide are emitted to the atmosphere. They are also studying the links between land-cover and land-use changes, stream water quality, and biodiversity in the streams. For the last 10 years, Melillo and Ecosystems Center staff have collaborated with economists, atmospheric chemists and physicists, and ocean scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) to build a large model that couples the land, oceans, and atmosphere with a projected set of economic futures. Melillo's group focuses on the terrestrial portion of the model. In the late 1990s, he temporarily left the MBL to serve in Washington as the Associate Director for Environment in President Clinton's Office of Science and Technology Policy, where he directed programs on environmental monitoring of ecosystem health and advised the administration on natural resource and pollution issues. Science education has long been of interest to Melillo. In 1997, he founded the Semester in Environmental Science (SES) at the Marine Biological Laboratory. SES is a 15-week program in environmental science offered each fall to students enrolled in colleges participating in the MBL Consortium in Environmental Science. Recently, Melillo headed an MBL team to develop a new Brown University-MBL Graduate Program in Biological and Environmental Studies. The first group of graduate students entered the program in the fall of 2004. As part of this Brown/MBL partnership, Melillo was appointed to the Brown faculty as a Professor in the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology. Melillo is currently President of the Ecological Society of America, and Past-President of the Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment, an international organization that conducts assessments of emerging environmental issues. He lives in Falmouth, Massachusetts with his wife, Lalise, who teaches history and rhetoric at Falmouth Academy, a local private school. They have one son, Ted Melillo, who is a graduate of Swarthmore College and is now finishing his Ph.D. in environmental history at Yale.

28	Name:	Mr. Paul F. Miller
	Institution:	Pew Charitable Trusts; Squam Lakes Natural Science Center; Colonial Williamsburg Foundation; University of Pennsylvania
	Year Elected:	2005
	Class:	5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
	Subdivision:	503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1927
	Death Date:	September 9, 2017

	Paul F. Miller, Jr. started his career in 1950 with the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia and then joined the investment banking firm of Drexel & Co., where he became a partner, then president of a successor firm, Drexel Harriman Ripley. In 1969, he founded the investment management firm of Miller, Anderson & Sherrerd where he stayed until his retirement in 1991. He became a partner of Miller Associates, private investors, and a limited partner of Miller Investment Management. He was a trustee emeritus and former chairman of the trustees of the University of Pennsylvania, and a former trustee of the Ford Foundation. Mr. Miller was a senior trustee of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and a trustee of the Squam Lakes Natural Science Center. He was a past director of the Pew Charitable Trusts, the World Wildlife Fund, the National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education, and the Appalachian Mountain Club. Also, he was a retired director of Hewlett-Packard Company, the Mead Corporation, and Rohm and Haas Company. Mr. Miller was a 1950 graduate of the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School and received honorary degrees from both the University of Pennsylvania and Washington and Lee University. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2005. Paul F. Miller died September 9, 2017, at the age of 90.

29	Name:	Dr. Gordon E. Moore
	Institution:	Intel Corporation
	Year Elected:	2005
	Class:	5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
	Subdivision:	503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1929
	Death Date:	March 24, 2023

	Gordon E. Moore is retired chairman of Intel Corporation. He co-founded Intel in 1968, serving initially as Executive Vice President before becoming President and Chief Executive Officer in 1979. He remained CEO until 1987 and was named Chairman Emeritus in 1997. Dr. Moore is widely known for "Moore's Law," in which in 1965 he predicted that the number of components the industry would be able to place on a computer chip would double every year. In 1975, he updated his prediction to once every two years. It has become the guiding principle for the semiconductor industry to deliver ever-more-powerful chips while decreasing the cost of electronics. Dr. Moore earned a B.S. in chemistry from the University of California, Berkeley, and a Ph.D. in chemistry and physics from California Institute of Technology. He is a director of Gilead Sciences, Inc., a member of the National Academy of Engineering, and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Engineers. Dr. Moore also serves on the Board of Trustees of the California Institute of Technology. He received the National Medal of Technology from President George Bush in 1990 and the Medal of Freedom from George W. Bush in 2002.

30	Name:	Dr. Sally Falk Moore
	Institution:	Peabody Museum, Harvard University
	Year Elected:	2005
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Subdivision:	403. Cultural Anthropology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1924
	Death Date:	May 2, 2021

	Sally Falk Moore was Professor of Anthropology (emerita) at Harvard University, where she served as Dean of the Graduate School from 1985-89. Intermittently, she also has taught "Anthropological Approaches to Law" at Harvard Law School. She has an L.L.B. from Columbia Law School (1945). Her major anthropological fieldwork has been in East Africa. Her books include Power and Property in Inca Peru (1958), Law as Process (1978), Social Facts and Fabrications: "Customary" Law on Kilimanjaro 1880-1980 (1986), Anthropology and Africa (1994), and most recently a reader, Law and Anthropology (2005). She is a past president of the American Ethnological Society and the Society for Political and Legal Anthropology. She was elected Huxley Medalist and Lecturer for 1999 by the Royal Anthropological Institute and has been awarded the Kalven Prize by the Law and Society Association (2005). She died on May 2, 2021.

31	Name:	Dr. Maynard V. Olson
	Institution:	University of Washington
	Year Elected:	2005
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Subdivision:	207. Genetics
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1945

	Maynard Olson graduated from Caltech with a Bachelor's degree in chemistry and received his Ph.D. in inorganic chemistry from Stanford University in 1970, where his thesis advisor was Henry Taube. After five years on the faculty of the Department of Chemistry at Dartmouth College, he changed his research emphasis to molecular genetics, working with Benjamin Hall in the Department of Genetics at the University of Washington. During that period, in the late 1970's, he participated in early applications of recombinant-DNA techniques to problems in yeast genetics; his research with Hall included the first sequencing of a mutant eukaryotic gene and one of the first applications of restriction-fragment length polymorphisms. In 1979, he moved to the Department of Genetics at Washington University in St. Louis, where he became a Professor of Genetics in 1986 and an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute in 1989. At Washington University, he participated in the development of systematic approaches to the analysis of complex genomes, working both on the yeast and human genomes. This research included the development of new implementations of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, including field-inversion gel electrophoresis, determination of the first complete electrophoretic karyotype of a eukaryotic organism, the development of computer-based methods for the construction of whole-genome physical maps based on clone fingerprints, the development of the yeast-artificial-chromosome cloning system, and the introduction of STS-content mapping as an approach to the low-resolution physical mapping of mammalian genomes. In 1992, he was awarded the Genetics Society of America Medal for outstanding contributions to genetics during the previous 15 years. Later that year, he moved back to the University of Washington where he is now Professor of Medicine and Genome Sciences and Director of the University of Washington Genome Center. In 1994, he was elected to the National Academy of Sciences. In 2000, he received the City of Medicine Award for exceptional contributions to medicine in the public interest, and in 2002, he received the Gairdner Foundation International Award for his scientific contributions to the Human Genome Project. Dr. Olson has also participated extensively in the formulation of policy for the Human Genome Project: in 1987, he served on the National Research Council Committee on Mapping and Sequencing of the Human Genome; from 1989-92, on the Program Advisory Committee on the Human Genome at the National Institutes of Health; from 1999-2003, and on the National Human Genome Research Institute Council. Dr. Olson's current research is focused on the analysis of natural genetic variation both in bacteria, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and humans.

32	Name:	Dr. Robert D. Putnam
	Institution:	Harvard University; Saguaro Seminar: Civic Engagement in America
	Year Elected:	2005
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	304. Jurisprudence and Political Science
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1941

	Robert D. Putnam is Malkin Professor of Public Policy at Harvard. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the British Academy, and past president of the American Political Science Association. He has received numerous scholarly honors, including the Skytte Prize, the most prestigious global award in political science. He has written fourteen books, translated into more than twenty languages, including Bowling Alone and Making Democracy Work, both among the most cited publications in the social sciences in the last half century. His recent books include: (with David E. Campbell, 2012) American Grace: How Religion Divides and Unites Us, which won the American Political Science Association’s 2011 Woodrow Wilson award as the best book in political science, and (with Shaylyn Romney Garrett, 2020) The Upswing: How America Came Together a Century Ago and How We Can Do It Again. He has consulted for the last three American presidents, the last three British prime ministers, the current French president, and hundreds of grassroots leaders and activists in many countries. He is now working on three major projects: (1) Inequality and opportunity: a growing class gap among American young people and the implications for social mobility; (2) The changing role of religion in the United Kingdom and the US; and (3) The social consequences of hard times in the United Kingdom and the US. He was awarded the 2012 National Humanities Medal by President Obama.

33	Name:	Dr. Richard Rorty
	Institution:	Stanford University
	Year Elected:	2005
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Subdivision:	407. Philosophy
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1931
	Death Date:	June 8, 2007

34	Name:	Dr. Richard M. Shiffrin
	Institution:	Indiana University
	Year Elected:	2005
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	305
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1942

	Richard M. Shiffrin received his Ph.D. from Stanford University in 1968. Subsequently he joined the faculty at the University of Indiana as assistant professor, associate professor and professor. He became Luther Dana Waterman Research Professor in 1980 and director of the university's Cognitive Science Program in 1988. Dr. Shiffrin has played a major role in three research developments, each of which have placed him among the top rank of investigators in cognitive psychology. The first was the development of the first comprehensive computer model of short-term memory (with R.C. Atkinson). The model incorporated a critical distinction between memory structures versus control (mental strategies) processes, proposed an architecture for short-term memory, and provided mathematical derivations fit to extensive sets of experimental data. It set the theoretical framework and style for the major research in the psychology of memory up to the present. Dr. Shiffrin's second major contribution was a novel and incisive experimental method for distinguishing voluntary from involuntary attention. The method showed how automatic attention could be developed as a result of specific learning experiences, and it enabled the quantitative characterization of these two modes of attention. Dr. Shiffrin has also worked to develop and refine a network model for associative memory that integrates hitherto fragmented bodies of research on recognition and recall processes in memory into a single, coherent, computational theory. His masterful combination of mathematical modeling with experimental analyses has been a model for other investigators in all these fields. He continually evolves and refines the theory, more recently using a Bayesian framework for memory decision processes, and applying the theory to data from many studies of priming and implicit memory. His collected works must be considered one of the major contributions to modern theories of memory. A Guggenheim Fellow (1975-76) and recipient of the Merit Research Award from the National Institutes of Mental Health (1991-2001), Dr. Shiffrin was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1995. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2005. In 2018 he was awarded the Atkinson Prize.

35	Name:	Dr. Louis Sokoloff
	Institution:	National Institutes of Health
	Year Elected:	2005
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Subdivision:	209. Neurobiology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1921
	Death Date:	July 30, 2015

	Born in Philadelphia in 1921, the second of two sons of Eastern European immigrants, Louis Sokoloff early discovered the power of books in satisfying his curiosity and thirst for knowledge. His undergraduate education at the University of Pennsylvania was highlighted by exposure to the illustrious physiologist L. V. Heilbrunn. Contacts with this professor in and out of the classroom stimulated his love of science, which never faltered. It was Heilbrunn who first noted Sokoloff's potential and who steered him toward a professional career--he recommeneded medical studies. An interest in cell excitation on the one hand, stemming back to his undergraduate days, and assignments to psychiatric services in his medical internship as well as during his subsequent Army service on the other, intensified Sokoloff's interest in brain function. It was during this period that he met his future wife Betty. Following his return to civilian life in 1949, he sought to renew his interest in research, and was drawn to the laboratory of the then-35 year old Seymour Kety, who had just landed an NIH grant at Penn and was looking for a young associate. Soon thereafter, Dr. Sokoloff became immersed in learning the theoretical and practical aspects of the nitrous oxide technique for measuring the rate of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in humans. The method is based on Kety's mathematical model that derived the flow rate from measurement of brain uptake and release of diffusible substance. Low concentrations of the inert gas nitrous oxide was used for this purpose. During this period, Sokoloff made his first measurement of cerebral metabolism in hyperthyroidism, finding it not to be elevated even when the body's basal metabolic rate was nearly double. This led him to the hypothesis that thyroid hormones stimulate protein synthesis and to his interest in the thyroid hormone functions, a subject to which he subsequently made significant contributions. Many studies were performed on human subjects by Kety, Sokoloff, and co-workers, examining the rates of CBF and metabolism in mental activity, sleep, anesthesia, and under the influence of various pharmacological agents. In 1951, Kety moved to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and offered Sokoloff the opportunity to join him. He accepted, and eventually was appointed Chief of the Laboratory of Cerebral Metabolism at the NIH, a title he retained for 35 years. At the NIH, Sokoloff collaborated with Kety, William Landau, Lewis Rowland and Walter Freygang, in developing a quantitative autoradiographic technique for measuring regional CBF in animals which he used to demonstrate a clear linkage between functional activity and regional blood flow in visual pathways of the brain. The autoradiographs from this study represented the first ever published demonstration of functional brain imaging. Sokoloff then used the quantitative autoradiographic technique to develop a method for the measurement of regional brain metabolism of glucose, the almost exclusive substrate for energy metabolism in the brain. There is little need to recount in detail Sokoloff's pioneering studies on regional cerebral glucose utilization for which he introduced the use of -2deoxy-D-[14C]glucose. The elegance of the deoxyglucose method itself and the great care taken in its quantification and in defining its limits are all reflections of Sokoloff's research style. Adaptation of the method to human studies was subsequently accomplished by means of single photon and positron emission tomography, in which [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose replaced the 14C=labeled compound, and was the result of a collaborative effort between Sokoloff, Martin Reivich, David Kuhl, Alfred Wolf, and Michael Phelps. The many tributes already paid Dr. Sokoloff attest to his accomplishments. Among his honors were membership in numerous societies and professional organizations including the National Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Medicine, and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2005. He served as president of the American Society for Neurochemistry, the International Society for Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, and the Association for Research in Nervous and Mental Disease and on various editorial and advisory boards. He was the recipient of the Distinquished Service Award of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (1976); the F.O. Schmitt Medal in Neuroscience (1980); the Albert Lasker Clinical Medical Research Award (1981); the Karl Spencer Lashley Award of the American Philosophical Society (1987); the National Academy of Sciences Award in the Neurosciences (1988); the Georg Charles de Hevesy Nuclear Medicine Pioneer Award of the Society of Nuclear Medicine (1988); the Award of the Mihara Cerebrovascular Disorder Research Promotion Fund (1988); the Vicennial Medal, Georgetown University (1994); Lifetime Achievement Award of the Society of Biological Psychiatry (1996); and the Ralph Gerard Award of the Society of Neuroscience (1996). Dr. Sokoloff died July 30, 2015, at the age of 93, in Washington, DC.

36	Name:	Dr. Ronald S. Stroud
	Institution:	University of California, Berkeley
	Year Elected:	2005
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Subdivision:	405. History and Philology, East and West, through the 17th Century
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1933
	Death Date:	October 7, 2021

	Ronald Stroud is an extraordinary scholar of Greek history, inscriptions and archaeology. An inspirational teacher, he has been a benefactor to all who work in these areas through his many years meticulously editing the indispensible annual supplement of newly discovered and newly studied inscriptions (Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum). A comprehensive, balanced use of the ancient historians, inscriptions and archaeology to understand ancient society is a goal sought by many but rarely achieved with the sureness, learning and elegance of Dr. Stroud. His greatest contributions have been the publication of Athenian laws on stone and the excavation of the sanctuary of the goddess Demeter at Corinth. Presently Klio Distinguished Professor of Classical Languages and Literature Emeritus, Dr. Stroud has been affiliated with the University of California, Berkeley since earning his Ph.D. from the university in 1965. His published works include Drakon's Law on Homicide (1968); The Axones and Kyrbeis of Drakon and Solon (1979); The Athenian Grain-Tax Law of 374/3 B.C. (1998); and The Sanctuary of Demeter and Kore: Architecture and Topography (1998).

37	Name:	Dr. Anne M. Treisman
	Institution:	Princeton University
	Year Elected:	2005
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	305
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1935
	Death Date:	February 9, 2018

	Is attention involved in forming ordinary percepts of objects from the mosaic of color patches at the retina? Anne Treisman's thesis has been that attention is needed to bind together the component features of an object during early stages of visual processing. Without attention she showed they may be miscombined and mislocalized. Behavioral experiments and her fMRI studies provide strong supporting evidence. Another aspect concerns apparent motion: the illusory perception of continuous motion arising from temporally related but somewhat discontinuous visual events. Again, she showed that attention proves essential to that binding that is necessary to predict time paths of moving objects. Dr. Treisman was the James S. McDonnell Distinguished University Professor of Psychology at Princeton University since 1995. She became emeritus in 2010. She also taught at Oxford University (1967-78), the University of British Columbia (1978-1986) and the University of California, Berkeley (1986-94). She received a D.Phil. From Oxford (1962) and was a member of the Psychonomic Society (governing board, 1985-89, chair 1988-89); the Royal Society (1989); the National Academy of Sciences (1994); and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences (1995). She was awarded the National Medal of Science in 2012. Anne Treisman died February 9, 2018, at the age of 82.

38	Name:	Dr. Frans B. M. de Waal
	Institution:	Yerkes Primate Research Center; Emory University
	Year Elected:	2005
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	305
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1948

	At a time when animal behavior was classified as either instinctive or acquired through trial-and-error learning, Frans de Waal produced convincing evidence that chimpanzees jockey for status with cunning and strategic foresight. His observations of "chimpanzee politics" were documented with such care for detail, both qualitative and quantitative, that they greatly stimulated the cognitive study and interpretation of animal behavior. At the same time, Dr. de Waal reported how chimpanzees resolve conflicts, assist one another reciprocally and console distressed individuals. His research on peacemaking, tit-for-tat, and empathy has inspired a new approach to the study of animal behavior. To date, it has produced over 125 scientific publications on conflict resolution in animals and children and is in the process of replacing the traditional evolutionary view of "everyone for itself" with a postulate of shared interests among social animals and a consequent need for compromise and reconciliation. In his work, Dr. de Waal has skillfully translated novel ideas into testable hypotheses, leading to elegant studies in peer-reviewed journals, including Science and Nature. He has significantly raised methodological standards for the study of animal social behavior and is internationally recognized for his depiction of primates as complex social beings as well as his empirically supported opposition to the view that the natural world is necessarily ruled by selfishness. Dr. de Waal has directed the Living Links, Yerkes Primate Research Center since 1997 and has been Research Professor of Psychobiology at Emory University since 1991 and Charles Howard Candler Professor of Primate Behavior since 1996. Winner of the 1989 Los Angeles Times Book Award, he is the author of works such as Peacemaking Among Primates (1989); Good Natured (1996); Bonobo: The Forgotten Ape (1997); Chimpanzee Politics (1998); The Ape and the Sushi Master (2001); The Age of Empathy: Nature's Lessons for a Kinder Society (2009); The Bonobo and the Atheist (2013); Are We Smart Enough to Know How Smart Animals Are? (2016); and Mama's Last Hug: Animal and Human Emotions (2019).

39	Name:	Dr. Mary Waters
	Institution:	Harvard University
	Year Elected:	2005
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	301. Anthropology, Demography, Psychology, and Sociology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1956

	Mary Waters grew up in Brooklyn, New York and received a B.A. from Johns Hopkins University (1978) and an M.A. in sociology (1981), an M.A. in demography (1983), and a Ph.D. in sociology (1986) from the University of California, Berkeley. She has been in the Department of Sociology at Harvard University since 1986 as assistant professor (1986-90), associate professor (1990-93), professor (1993-) and Harvard College Professor (a named chair to honor excellence in teaching) (1999-2005) and Chair of the Department (2001-2005, acting Chair 2007), and M.E. Zukerman Professor of Sociology. In 2018 she was appointed the John L. Loeb Professor of Sociology. Professor Waters' research is in the fields of race and ethnicity, immigration and demography. She is co-director (with John Mollenkopf and Philip Kasinitz of City University of New York) of the New York Second Generation Project. This study examines the lives of the new second generation -- young adults whose parents were immigrants to the United States from China, Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, Dominican Republic, the West Indies and Russia -- contrasted with samples of comparable native born whites, blacks and Puerto Ricans. This project, funded by the National Institutes of Health and the Russell Sage, Mellon, Ford, Rockefeller and MacArthur Foundations, includes a random sample survey of New York and its suburbs, in depth life history interviews with 350 young people, and seven ethnographic studies conducted throughout the city by a team of ethnographers. In 2002-03 a longitudinal element was added as these young people were re-interviewed as part of a large nationwide study of the transition to adulthood, part of the MacArthur Network on the Transition to Adulthood. The first book from this project, Becoming New Yorkers: Ethnographies of the New Second Generation was published in 2004. Dr. Waters is also the co-editor (with historian Reed Ueda of Tufts University) of The New Americans: A Handbook to Immigration Since 1965 . This handbook updates the landmark Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups, which was originally published in 1980. She is also directing a multi-site qualitative study of the transition to adulthood in the contemporary United States. This study examines the process of leaving home, finishing education, beginning work, finding a partner and becoming a parent across a wide variety of racial, ethnic and immigrant groups, as well as across different regions of the United States. Dr. Waters is the author of numerous articles and books on the subject of race, ethnicity and immigration. Her book, Black Identities: West Indian Immigrant Dreams and American Realities (1999) is the winner of the Mirra Komorovsky Award of the Eastern Sociological Society for the best book published in 1999-2000, the 2001 Otis Dudley Duncan Award of the Population Section of the American Sociological Association, the 2001 Thomas and Znaniecki Award of the International Migration Section of the ASA, the 1999 Best Book Award of the Section on Race, Ethnicity and Politics of the American Political Science Association, and the 1999-2000 Distinguished Book Award of the Center for the Study of Inequality at Cornell University. Her other books include From Many Strands: Ethnic and Racial Groups in Contemporary America (with Stanley Lieberson, 1988); Ethnic Options: Choosing Identities in America (1990); The New Race Question: How the Census Counts Multi-Racial Individuals (with Joel Perlmann, 2002); The Changing Face of Home: The Transnational Lives of the Second Generation (with Peggy Levitt, 2002); and Social Inequalities in Comparative Perspective (co-edited with Fiona Devine, 2004). Professor Waters was a Guggenheim Fellow (1993-94) and a Visiting Scholar at Russell Sage (1991-92). She was a member of the National Academy of Sciences Panel on the Economic and Demographic Impacts of Immigration on the U.S. She has consulted to the Census Bureau and testified before Congress on issues of measurement of race and ethnicity and is a member of the U.S. Census Advisory Committee of Professional Associations. She is a member of the International Migration Committee of the Social Science Research Council and the Board of Trustees of the Russell Sage Foundation. She was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2005 and a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences in 2006. Mary Waters and her husband, Ric Bayly, have three children, Katie, Harry and Maggie. They live in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

40	Name:	Professor John Edgar Wideman
	Institution:	Brown University
	Year Elected:	2005
	Class:	5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
	Subdivision:	501. Creative Artists
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1941

	The author of twenty novels, over fifty short stories and numerous essays on literary theory and criticism, John Wideman received the 1996 James Fenimore Cooper Prize for historical writing. He is a two-time winner of the PEN-Faulkner Award (the only person to have done so twice) for his books Philadelphia Fire (1990) and Sent for You Yesterday (1983). His story "Weight" received the 2000 O. Henry Award for best short story, and the essay "Whose War" was included in The Best American Essays of 2003. His other prizes include a Lila Wallace Reader's Digest Grant, the Rea Prize for short fiction, a MacArthur Fellowship, the Lannan Literary Award for fiction, and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences' Katherine Anne Porter Award in Literature. Mr. Wideman is a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences and has served on the faculties of the University of Pennsylvania (1967-74), the University of Wyoming (1974-86), the University of Massachusetts (1986-2004) and Brown University (2004-), where he is Asa Messer Professor and Professor of Africana Studies and English. A graduate of Oxford University's New College (B.Ph., 1966), he was the second African American to receive a Rhodes Scholarship. His novel, Fanon (2008), is a part fictional, part biographical account tracing the life, message and legacy of Martiniquean revolutionary Frantz Fanon. He recently published a collection of short stories called American Histories (2018).

Page: Prev 1 2 3 Next