American Philosophical Society
Member History

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21Name:  Lord John Richard Krebs
 Institution:  University of Oxford & Pembroke College & UK Food Standards Agency
 Year Elected:  2000
 Class:  2. Biological Sciences
 Subdivision:  205. Microbiology
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1945
   
 
Sir John Krebs received a D.Phil at the University of Oxford in 1970. He has held faculty positions at the Institute of Animal Resource Ecology at the University of British Columbia and the University College of North Wales and was S.R.C. Research Officer of the Animal Behavior Research Group and University Lecturer at the Edward Grey Institute of Field Ornithology at the University of Oxford. Formerly a fellow of Wolfson College, he was an Official Fellow at Pembroke College from 1988 to 2005. Sir John has also served as director of the AFRC Unit of Ecology and Behavior (1989-94), director of the NERC Unit of Behavioural Ecology (1989-94), chief executive officer of the Natural Environment Research Council (1994-99) and chairman of the UK Food Standards Agency (2000-05). He is currently serving as the Royal Society Research Professor at the University of Oxford, a position he has held since 1988. Since October 2005, he has been the Principal of Jesus College, Oxford. For thirty years, Sir John Krebs has been a leading researcher in applying quantitative methods to the functions of animal behavior, especially birds. His elegant studies of territoriality and the use of living space, the behavioral mechanisms involved, including birdsong, and the application of economic concepts to the use of food resources were seminal in establishing the new discipline of behavioral ecology. He co-edited the leading advanced textbook for training behavioral ecologists throughout the world. Sir John Krebs has been honoured by the Zoological Society with the scientific Medal in 1981 and the Frink Medal in 1997, by the Linnaean Society with the Bicentenary Medal in 1983 and by the American Ornithologists' Union with the Elliott Coues Award in 1999. He was awarded the Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour Medal in 2000 and the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health's Benjamin Ward Richardson Gold Medal in 2002. He received a Knighthood for services to Behavioural Ecology in 1999. He is a member of the Royal Society, Max Planck Society, Academia Europaea, British Ecological Society and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. He has served as president of the International Society of Behavioural Ecology and the Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2000 and of the National Academy of Sciences in 2004, and was made Honorary Fellow of the German Ornithologists' Society in 2003.
 
22Name:  Dr. Estella Bergere Leopold
 Institution:  University of Washington
 Year Elected:  2000
 Class:  2. Biological Sciences
 Subdivision:  205. Microbiology
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1927
   
 
Estella Leopold received her Ph.D. at Yale University in 1955. She was a research botanist for the U.S. Geological Survey from 1955-76, while also serving as an adjunct professor at the University of Colorado from 1967-76. In 1976 she moved to the University of Washington, where she was Director of the Quaternary Research Center until 1982, professor of botany and forest resources, 1976-89, and professor of botany and environmental studies, 1989-95. Dr. Leopold is currently Professor Emeritus of Botany and Adjunct Professor of Geological Sciences. She is a recipient of the Conservationist-of-the-Year Award from the Colorado Wildlife Federation, and the Wilbur Cross Medal from Yale University. She has served on many committees for the National Academy of Sciences, including the paleoanthropology delegation to China in 1975, and has served on the board of the Environmental Defense Fund and the National Audubon Society. She was president of the American Quaternary Association from 1982-84 and is past president and board chair of the Aldo Leopold Foundation. As one of the world's outstanding paleobotanists, Estella Leopold became the first botanist to identify from pollen the North American floras that existed in the Tertiary Period. In her 100 publications Dr. Leopold has concentrated on paleoclimate and evolution of modern forest types. Tracing evolutionary and extinction rates, she discovered that regional floral change has been closely linked with mountain building and volcanism. She established that grassy savanna co-evolved with large, hooved ungulates during the Miocene cooling. At Eniwetok, using fossil pollen from deep-sea cores, Dr. Leopold established proof of Darwin's concept that atolls evolved from sinking volcanoes. She is an active conservationist. Dr. Leopold was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2000. Her most recent book, Saved in Time, was published in 2012. In 2010 she won the Cosmos Prize from the Japan’s Expo ’90 Foundation.
 
23Name:  Dr. Arnold J. Levine
 Institution:  Institute for Advanced Study
 Year Elected:  2000
 Class:  5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
 Subdivision:  503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1939
   
 
Arnold Levine discovered the p53 tumor suppressor gene and protein in 1979. He and others went on to show that it was the single most common genetic alteration in human cancers. Over the past 20 years Dr. Levine has led our understanding of how p53 prevents cancers and functions. He has chaired the department of microbiology at the State University of New York, Stony Brook and the department of molecular biology at Princeton University. Between 1998 and 2002 he was the president and chief executive officer of Rockefeller University. He is now a professor emeritus in the School of Natural Sciences at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. A leader in biomedical sciences, Dr. Levine has won numerous prizes in cancer research and holds six honorary degrees. He chaired the National Institutes of Health committee on AIDS Research budgets in 1995-96. His most recent honors are the American Association for Cancer Research's 2008 Kirk A. Landon-AACR Prize for Basic Cancer Research, the Dart/NYU Biotechnology Achievement Award for his work in defining the molecular basis of tumor suppression, the 2009 American Cancer Society's Medal of Honor, and the 2012 Lars Onsager Medal of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology.
 
24Name:  Dr. Sharon R. Long
 Institution:  Stanford University
 Year Elected:  2000
 Class:  2. Biological Sciences
 Subdivision:  209. Neurobiology
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1951
   
 
Sharon Long has been responsible for elucidating many of the early reactions involved in the establishment of nitrogen-fixing nodules of leguminous plants. She has also described the genetic systems of the plants and bacteria involved in this infection process and has developed ingenious genetic and biochemical techniques for study of the nodulation of legumes. Her exceptional competence ranges from the most intricate details of plant and microbial molecular, genetic, cellular and developmental biology to large-scale concerns with science and society. Dr. Long has played an active role in the Plant Biology Section of the National Academy of Sciences, and she has served as Chair of the Biological Sciences Class of the Academy. An admirable teacher and communicator, Dr. Long is presently Professor of Biology at Stanford University, where she has taught since 1981. From 2001 to 2007 she served as the Dean of the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences and in 2008 she was recognized as one of the five science advisors to the Obama campaign. She holds a Ph.D. from Yale University (1979) and is a member of the National Academy of Sciences (1993); the American Academy of Microbiology (1993); and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences (1994).
 
25Name:  Dr. Hubert S. Markl
 Institution:  University of Konstanz; Max Planck Society
 Year Elected:  2000
 Class:  2. Biological Sciences
 Subdivision:  210. Behavioral Biology, Psychology, Ethology, and Animal Behavior
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1938
 Death Date:  January 8, 2015
   
 
Hubert Markl was one of the most influential contemporary German scholars. After a research career in which he discovered the physiological basis of the gravity sense in bees and ants and pioneered the study of sound communication of these insects, he went on to a very distinguished career as the top administrator in German science, first as president of the German Science Foundation and later as the president of the Max-Planck Gesellschaft. He contributed broadly in the sciences, philosophy and education, as evidenced by his membership in the American Academy of Arts & Sciences (1985); the German Academy of Natural Sciences, Leopoldina, Halle (1985); the Academia Europaea (1988); and the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences (1993). He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2000. Hubert Markl died January 8, 2015, at the age of 76, in Konstanz, Germany.
 
26Name:  Dr. Frederick W. Mote
 Institution:  Princeton University
 Year Elected:  2000
 Class:  3. Social Sciences
 Subdivision:  303. History Since 1715
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1922
 Death Date:  February 10, 2005
   
27Name:  Dr. Gary B. Nash
 Institution:  National Center for History in the Schools & University of California, Los Angeles
 Year Elected:  2000
 Class:  3. Social Sciences
 Subdivision:  303. History Since 1715
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1933
 Death Date:  July 29, 2021
   
 
Gary B. Nash received his B.A. and Ph.D. degrees in History from Princeton University. He is currently Professor of History Emeritus at the University of California, Los Angeles, where he taught for over four decades. He served as Director of the National Center for History in the Schools for 18 years, stepping down in January 2013. One of this nation's preeminent social historians, his work focuses on race, class, and power dynamics in American history. The latest of Dr. Nash's many books are First City: Philadelphia and the Forging of Historical Memory (2002), The Unknown American Revolution: The Unruly Birth of Democracy and the Struggle to Create America (2005), African American Lives: The Struggle for Freedom (2005) [with Clayborne Carson and Emma J. Lapsansky-Werner], and The Forgotten Fifth: African Americans in the Age of Revolution (2006). In 2011, he co-edited Revolutionary Founders: Rebels, Radicals, and Reformers in the Making of the Nation. Gary Nash was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2000.
 
28Name:  Dr. Erling Norrby
 Institution:  Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences & Karolinska Institute; J. Craig Venter Institute
 Year Elected:  2000
 Class:  2. Biological Sciences
 Subdivision:  209. Neurobiology
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1937
   
 
Erling Norrby is Professor at the Karolinska Institute and Secretary General of The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. He received an M.D. in 1963, Ph.D. in 1964, and Docent of Medicine in 1964 from the Karolinska Institute, Stockholm. He served as chairman of the Department of Virology from 1972-1990 and Dean of Medical Faculty from 1990-97 at the Karolinska Institute. Erling Norrby has achieved a high level of accomplishment and recognition for academic research in viruses and diseases and as a leader in science and medicine. His laboratory career focused on viruses and immunopathogenesis, with particularly important contributions to the Paramyxoviruses (measles, atypical measles, SSPE) and to the retroviruses causing AIDS in man (HIV) and animals (SIV). He is the recipient of several awards, including the Career Award of the Swedish Cancer Society, 1966-72 and the Fernström Prize, 1981. He has served on the World Health Organization's Expert Advisory Committee since 1975. And served the Nobel Committee in various capacities, from 1975 to 1993. Dr. Norrby has been a member of the Swedish Royal Academy of Sciences since 1981 and the Academia Europea since 1998. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2000.
 
29Name:  Dr. Carl Nylander
 Institution:  Swedish Institute of Classical Studies
 Year Elected:  2000
 Class:  4. Humanities
 Subdivision:  403. Cultural Anthropology
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1932
   
 
In Sweden, Carl Nylander is regarded as epitomizing "kulturpersonlighet," a man of the broadest intellectual interests and achievements. A highly esteemed lecturer and writer, he has been director emeritus of the Swedish Institute for Classical Studies since 1997 and has coordinated Scandinavian excavations of the Temple of the Dioscuri, Forum Romanum in Rome since 1983. Dr. Nylander has published approximately 80 scientific publications, among them Pasargadae: Studies in Old Persian Architecture (1970) and The Deep Well, translated from Swedish in 1970, with its fascinating excursions into the world of archaeology. Dr. Nylander has also taught at Bryn Mawr College and the University of Copenhagen and holds Fil. lic and Fil.Dr. degrees from the University of Uppsala, Sweden.
 
30Name:  The Honorable Louis H. Pollak
 Institution:  U.S. District Court
 Year Elected:  2000
 Class:  5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
 Subdivision:  502. Physicians, Theologians, Lawyers, Jurists, Architects, and Members of Other Professions
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1922
 Death Date:  May 8, 2012
   
 
Louis H. Pollak was a graduate of Harvard University (1944) and Yale Law School (1948). Following his graduation from law school, Judge Pollak clerked for Justice Wiley B. Rutledge. Between 1950 and 1955, he served as 1) an associate at the New York law firm of Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison; 2) in the State Department as special assistant to Ambassador-at-Large Philip C. Jessup; and 3) as Assistant Counsel of the Amalgamated Clothing Workers. In 1955, Judge Pollak was appointed to the Yale Law School faculty where he remained until 1974, serving as dean from 1965-70. From 1974-78, Judge Pollak was a professor of law at the University of Pennsylvania, serving as dean from 1975-78. At that time, Judge Pollak was appointed as Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. Upon becoming a judge, he retired from the full-time University of Pennsylvania faculty, but continued to teach a seminar as an adjunct professor. Constitutional law continued to be the principal focus of Judge Pollak's teaching and scholarly interests. From 1950 until he became a judge, he was associated with the NAACP Legal Defense Fund, first as one of the volunteer lawyers assisting Thurgood Marshall in Brown v. Board of Education, and later as a board member and vice president. Judge Pollak also has been a member of the Council of the American Law Institute since 1978. In addition to his duties on the bench, he continued to write, including the most recent, "Marbury v. Madison: What Did John Marshall Decide and Why?," published in the Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, Volume #1, March 2004. Judge Pollak was elected to membership in the American Philosophical Society in 2000. He died on May 8, 2012, at age 89, at his home in West Mount Airy.
 
31Name:  Ms. Rebecca W. Rimel
 Institution:  The Pew Charitable Trusts
 Year Elected:  2000
 Class:  5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
 Subdivision:  503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1951
   
 
Rebecca W. Rimel is president and chief executive officer of The Pew Charitable Trusts, a nonprofit organization driven by the power of knowledge to solve some of today’s most challenging problems. Rebecca Rimel joined The Pew Charitable Trusts in 1983 as health program manager. She became executive director in 1988 and accepted her current position in 1994. As president, she has helped make Pew one of the nation’s most innovative and influential nonprofits. During her 20 years at the helm, Pew has become known for its entrepreneurial, results-based approach. Additionally, Rebecca Rimel serves on the board of directors for the Deutsche Bank Scudder Funds and ProPublica, an independent, nonprofit newsroom that produces investigative journalism, as well as the PNC Bank advisory board. She is also a trustee emeritus of Monticello (the Thomas Jefferson Foundation); a fellow of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia; and a member of the American Philosophical Society and its prestigious Wistar Association. Prior to joining Pew, Rebecca Rimel built an exemplary career in health care, specifically in nursing. From 1981 through 1983, she was assistant professor in the Department of Neurosurgery at the University of Virginia, making her the first nurse to hold a faculty position in the university’s medical school. Along with additional teaching and practitioner positions at the University of Virginia Hospital, she served as head nurse of the medical center’s emergency department. During her tenure, Rebecca Rimel authored and co-authored many scientific articles, abstracts and book chapters pertaining to head injury. Rebecca Rimel earned a bachelor of science degree, with distinction, from the University of Virginia School of Nursing in 1973 and a master of business administration from James Madison University in 1983. In 1982, she was awarded a Kellogg National Fellowship, a four-year professional enrichment opportunity for emerging leaders. In 1988, she received the Distinguished Nursing Alumni Award from the University of Virginia and, in 1999, the University of Virginia Women’s Center Distinguished Alumni Award.
 
32Name:  Dr. Walter L. Robb
 Institution:  Vantage Management, Inc. & General Electric
 Year Elected:  2000
 Class:  1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
 Subdivision:  103. Engineering
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1928
 Death Date:  March 23, 2020
   
 
Walter Robb received a Ph.D. in chemical engineering from the University of Illinois and went on to work for GE. Robb retired from General Electric as a Senior Vice President-Corporation Research and Development and became President of Vantage Management, Inc. Robb was the recipient of many awards and honors, including the National Medal of Technology in 1993 for his leadership in developing the leading CT and MRI scanners. In addition, he was the author of numerous technical publications and the holder of twelve patents. He served on the board of many private companies and serves as a Director of Celgene, and Mechanical Technology. Walter Robb died March 23, 2020 in Schenectady, New York at the age of 91.
 
33Name:  Dr. Thomas G. Rosenmeyer
 Institution:  University of California, Berkeley
 Year Elected:  2000
 Class:  4. Humanities
 Subdivision:  405. History and Philology, East and West, through the 17th Century
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1920
 Death Date:  February 6, 2007
   
34Name:  Dr. David D. Sabatini
 Institution:  New York University School of Medicine
 Year Elected:  2000
 Class:  2. Biological Sciences
 Subdivision:  202. Cellular and Developmental Biology
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1931
   
 
David D. Sabatini was born in Argentina, where he earned his medical degree from the Universidad Nacional del Litoral in 1954. Obtaining a Rockefeller Foundation Fellowship in 1960, Dr. Sabatini undertook postdoctoral training first at the Yale University School of Medicine and later at Rockefeller University. While at Yale, he introduced the glutaraldehyde fixation procedure for the preservation of subcellular structures, which revolutionized the field of biological electron microscopy by permitting cytochemical studies at the electron microscope level. In 1966, he received his Ph.D. from Rockefeller, where he remained as a faculty member in the Laboratory of Cell Biology. In 1972, Dr. Sabatini became Professor and Chairman of the Department of Cell Biology at the New York University School of Medicine, where he continued to investigate protein trafficking mechanisms, extending his work from the functions of the endoplasmic reticulum to the role of the Golgi apparatus in organelle and plasma membrane biogenesis. At New York University, he and his associates developed a system of cultured polarized kidney-derived epithelial cells (MDCK) which now serves as a common paradigm for studying the physiological properties of transporting epithelia. Using this system, they also discovered the polarized budding of enveloped viruses from epithelial cells. These studies provided the preeminent model currently used to investigate membrane protein sorting and plasma membrane biogenesis in epithelial cells. His current scientific interests continue to lie in the areas of protein traffic and membrane organelle biogenesis. David Sabatini has written more than 120 scientific publications and is the recipient of several scientific and teaching awards, including the Mayor's Award for Excellence in Science and Technology (2000) and New York University's Alpha Omega Alpha Robert J. Glaser Distinguished Teacher Award (2000). In 2014 he won the NAS Award in Molecular Biology. He became Frederick L. Ehrman Professor Emeritus of Cell Biology at New York University School of Medicine in 2016. Dr. Sabatini was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2000.
 
35Name:  Dr. Edward W. Said
 Institution:  Columbia University
 Year Elected:  2000
 Class:  4. Humanities
 Subdivision:  404. History of the Arts, Literature, Religion and Sciences
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1935
 Death Date:  September 24, 2003
   
36Name:  Dr. Maarten Schmidt
 Institution:  California Institute of Technology
 Year Elected:  2000
 Class:  1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
 Subdivision:  101. Astronomy
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1929
 Death Date:  September 17, 2022
   
 
Maarten Schmidt's discovery of the true distance of quasi-stellar objects expanded the dimensions of the known universe at the time (1963) by many orders of magnitude. His early work in galactic structure and in developing mass models for the Galaxy is also of great import. Dr. Schmidt and his collaborators have carried out several innovative surveys for quasars, improving in sensitivity and probing further in space as technological improvements permitted. He developed an optimal statistical technique (the V/V max test) for estimating the mean distance of a complete brightness limited sample, which has found widespread application in many fields. In 2008 he was awarded the first Kavli Prize in astrophysics for this work. In addition to holding many administrative positions within the California Institute of Technology, Dr. Schmidt served as president of the American Astronomical Society from 1984-86 and as Chair of the Board of Directors of the Association of Universities Research in Astronomy from 1992-95. He has been Francis L. Moseley Professor of Astronomy Emeritus at Cal Tech since 1996.
 
37Name:  Dr. James C. Thompson
 Institution:  University of Texas Medical Branch
 Year Elected:  2000
 Class:  2. Biological Sciences
 Subdivision:  204. Medicine, Surgery, Pathology and Immunology
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1928
 Death Date:  May 9, 2008
   
38Name:  Dr. Shirley M. Tilghman
 Institution:  Princeton University
 Year Elected:  2000
 Class:  2. Biological Sciences
 Subdivision:  202. Cellular and Developmental Biology
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1946
   
 
Shirley M. Tilghman was elected Princeton University's 19th president on May 5, 2001, and assumed office on June 15, 2001. She became President Emerita in 2013. An exceptional teacher and a world-renowned scholar and leader in the field of molecular biology, she served on the Princeton faculty for 15 years before being named president. She continues now as Professor of Molecular Biology and Public Affairs. A native of Canada, Dr. Tilghman received her Honors B.Sc. in chemistry from Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario in 1968. After two years of secondary school teaching in Sierra Leone, West Africa, she obtained her Ph.D. in biochemistry from Temple University in Philadelphia. During postdoctoral studies at the National Institutes of Health, she made a number of groundbreaking discoveries while participating in cloning the first mammalian gene, and she continued to make scientific breakthroughs as an independent investigator at the Institute for Cancer Research in Philadelphia and as an adjunct associate professor of human genetics and biochemistry and biophysics at the University of Pennsylvania. Dr. Tilghman came to Princeton in 1986 as the Howard A. Prior Professor of the Life Sciences. Two years later, she also joined the Howard Hughes Medical Institute as an investigator. In 1998, she took on additional responsibilities as the founding director of Princeton's multi-disciplinary Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics. A member of the National Research Council's committee that set the blueprint for the U.S. effort in the Human Genome Project, Dr. Tilghman also was one of the founding members of the National Advisory Council of the Human Genome Project Initiative for the National Institutes of Health. She is renowned not only for her pioneering research but for her national leadership on behalf of women in science and for promoting efforts to make the early careers of young scientists as meaningful and productive as possible. Dr. Tilghman is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Medicine and the Royal Society of London. Her awards include a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Society for Developmental Biology, the Genetics Society of America Medal, and the L'Oreal-UNESCO Award for Women in Science. In 2014 she was named an Officer of the Order of Canada. She serves as a trustee of the Jackson Laboratory and the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace; as a director of Google, Inc.; and, beginning in October 2008, as chair of the Association of American Universities. In 2008 she was named to the board of trustees of the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology in Saudi Arabia. She was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2000.
 
39Name:  Dr. J. Anthony Tyson
 Institution:  University of California, Davis
 Year Elected:  2000
 Class:  1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
 Subdivision:  101. Astronomy
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1940
   
 
J. Anthony Tyson received a Ph.D. in physics at the University of Wisconsin in 1967. He joined the technical staff at AT&T Bell Laboratories in 1969 and was Distinguished Member of Technical Staff (now Lucent Technologies) from 1985-2004. Since 2004 he has been Distinguished Professor in the Department of Physics at University of California, Davis. He is currently director of the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope project. Dr. Tyson's research emphasis has been in experimental gravitation and cosmology. Applying advanced imaging with CCDs, he discovered "faint blue galaxies." Using this backdrop of billions of galaxies, he developed a technique for imaging foreground dark matter concentrations via their gravitational lensing of the distant galaxies. Gravitational lensing, it is believed, will go a long way toward solving the question of how much dark matter there is in the universe and where it is. Eventually, gravitational lensing will help to understand how structure formed in the universe. Dr. Tyson is the recipient of the Gravity Research Foundation Essay Award (1970), IR100 Award, Industrial Research (1985), and the Aaronson Memorial Prize (1996). He is a member of American Academy of Arts & Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2000.
 
40Name:  Dr. Jan M. J. Vansina
 Institution:  University of Wisconsin, Madison
 Year Elected:  2000
 Class:  3. Social Sciences
 Subdivision:  303. History Since 1715
 Residency:  Resident
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1929
 Death Date:  February 8, 2017
   
 
Jan Vansina was one of the historians most responsible for the emergence of African history as a recognized field of historical study during the past five decades. He had been the outstanding pioneer in exploring the pre-colonial history of tropical African societies and in investigating change in non-literate societies elsewhere, first with methods for interpreting oral traditions and later with combinations of linguistic and ethnographic evidence. He was principally a historian, but he had also written widely in the fields of anthropology and linguistics. His publications include Kingdoms of the Savanna (1966); The Tio Kingdom of the Middle Congo (1973); The Children of Woot: A History of the Kuba Peoples (1978); Art History in Africa: An Introduction to Method (1984); Oral Tradition as History (1985); Paths in the Rainforest: Toward a History of Political Tradition in Equatorial Africa (1990); and Living with Africa (1994). Born in Antwerp, Belgium, Dr. Vansina earned his Ph.D. from the University of Leuven in 1947. He had served on the faculty of the University of Wisconsin since 1960, where he was J. D. MacArthur and Vilas Research Professor Emeritus in History and Anthropology at the time of his death on February 8, 2017, at the age of 87.
 
Election Year
2000[X]
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