APS Member History

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1	Name:	Dr. D. R. Shackleton Bailey
	Institution:	Harvard University
	Year Elected:	1977
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Subdivision:	405. History and Philology, East and West, through the 17th Century
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1917
	Death Date:	November 28, 2005

2	Name:	Dr. William J. Baumol
	Institution:	New York University & Princeton University
	Year Elected:	1977
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	302. Economics
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1922
	Death Date:	May 3, 2017?

	Economist William J. Baumol was born in 1922 in New York City. He received his B.S. from the College of the City of New York in 1942 and his Ph.D. from the University of London in 1949. Dr. Baumol was affiliated with Princeton University since 1949 as an assistant professor, associate professor, full professor and, senior economist and professor emeritus. He was also Harold Price Professor of Entrepreneurship and Academic Director of the Berkley Center for Entrepreneurial Studies at New York University's Stern School of Business. The author of more than 35 books and over 500 articles, Dr. Baumol was celebrated as an economic theorist, constructor of econometric models and business consultant. His honors and awards include eleven honorary degrees and membership in the British Academy, the American Academy of Arts & Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1977. The eleventh edition of his book (with A. Blinder) Economics: Principles and Policy was published in 2011. His book The Cost Disease: Why Computers Get Cheaper and Health Care Doesn't was published in 2012. Dr. Baumol died May 3, 2017, at the age of 95.

3	Name:	Dr. Reinhard Bendix
	Institution:	University of California, Berkeley
	Year Elected:	1977
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	301. Anthropology, Demography, Psychology, and Sociology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1916
	Death Date:	2/28/91

4	Name:	Dr. Manson Benedict
	Institution:	Massachusetts Institute of Technology
	Year Elected:	1977
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Subdivision:	103. Engineering
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1907
	Death Date:	September 18, 2006

5	Name:	Prof. Erwin Bünning
	Institution:	University of Tübingen
	Year Elected:	1977
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Subdivision:	202. Cellular and Developmental Biology
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1906
	Death Date:	10/4/1990

6	Name:	Sumner McKnight Crosby
	Year Elected:	1977
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1909
	Death Date:	11/16/82

7	Name:	Lord Ralf Dahrendorf
	Institution:	House of Lords
	Year Elected:	1977
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	301. Anthropology, Demography, Psychology, and Sociology
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1929
	Death Date:	June 17, 2009

	An outstanding figure in sociological theory, Lord Dahrendorf is also noted for his abilities as an academic statesman and scholarly administrator. Born in Hamburg, Germany in 1929, he studied at Hamburg University, becoming a doctor of philosophy and classics in 1956. He served as professor of sociology at Hamburg, Tübingen and Konstanz between 1957 and 1969, when he became a member of the German Parliament. In 1970 he became a Commissioner in the European Commission in Brussels. With the exception of another stint in Konstanz as professor of social science from 1984-86, he has spent much of his time in the United Kingdom since 1974, when he was appointed director of the London School of Economics. He subsequently became a governor of the school in 1986 and from 1987-97 served as warden of St. Anthony's College at Oxford University. Having adopted British nationality in 1988, Lord Dahrendorf was granted a life peerage and was created Baron Dahrendorf of Clare Market in the City of Westminster by Queen Elizabeth II in 1993. He sits in the House of Lords as a crossbencher.

8	Name:	Prof. Georges Duby
	Institution:	College de France
	Year Elected:	1977
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Subdivision:	405 [401]
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1919
	Death Date:	12/3/96

9	Name:	Mr. William B. Eagleson
	Institution:	Mellon Bank
	Year Elected:	1977
	Class:	5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
	Subdivision:	503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1925
	Death Date:	February 5, 2021

	William B. Eagleson, Jr. was Chairman Emeritus of Mellon Bank Corporation. He began his business life in banking at the Federal Reserve Bank in Philadelphia in 1949 before spending 34 years with Girard Bank, also of Philadelphia. He served as chairman of Girard Bank from 1974-85 and became chairman of Mellon Bank Corporation after its merger with Girard. From 1988-95 Mr. Eagleson was chairman of Grant Street National Bank in Pittsburgh, and he has served on advisory bodies to both the United States Treasury Department and the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. As director for many years of the Private Investment Company for Asia, a multinational private sector development organization, Mr. Eagleson acquired extensive business experience in Japan and elsewhere in East Asia. He has been director of the International Monetary Conference and a member of the Advisory Committee on East Asian Studies at Princeton University. A native of Philadelphia, Mr. Eagleson holds an MBA from the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School. He died on February 5, 2021.

10	Name:	Dr. Gerald M. Edelman
	Institution:	The Scripps Research Institute; The Neurosciences Institute
	Year Elected:	1977
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Subdivision:	209. Neurobiology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1929
	Death Date:	May 17, 2014

	Biologist Gerald Maurice Edelman won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1972 for his work on the immune system and his discovery of the structure of antibody molecules. He was a professor of neurobiology at The Scripps Research Institute and the founder and director of The Neurosciences Institute, a nonprofit research center that studies the biological basis of higher brain function in humans. Dr. Edelman is noted for his theory of mind, which he elucidated in a trilogy of technical books, and in briefer form for a more general audience in his books Bright Air, Brilliant Fire (1992) and Wider than the Sky : The Phenomenal Gift of Consciousness (2004). Second Nature: Brain Science and Human Knowledge (2006) offered reflections on how an understanding of the human brain and the phenomenon of consciousness might impact the nature of human knowledge itself. His other works include Topobiology (1988), which contains a theory of how the original neuronal network of a newborn's brain is established during development of the embryo, and Neural Darwinism (1987), which proposes a theory of memory built around the idea of plasticity in the neural network in response to the environment. A member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, Dr. Edelman holds an M.D. from the University of Pennsylvania and a Ph.D. from Rockefeller University, where he had been a member of the faculty prior to joining the Scripps Institute. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1977. Dr. Edelman died on May 17, 2014, at the age of 84.

11	Name:	Dr. Hans G. Güterbock
	Institution:	University of Chicago
	Year Elected:	1977
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Subdivision:	404. History of the Arts, Literature, Religion and Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1908
	Death Date:	March 29, 2000

12	Name:	Dr. Richard D. Keynes
	Institution:	University of Cambridge
	Year Elected:	1977
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Subdivision:	206. Physiology, Biophysics, and Pharmacology
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1919
	Death Date:	June 12, 2010

	Richard Darwin Keynes' scientific career has been devoted mainly to research on the physiology, biophysics, and molecular biology of nerve conduction. In 1951 he was invited to work in Rio de Janeiro, where he helped to show, for the first time, how the electric eel generates its additive discharge, and where he acquired a strong interest in South America. This interest would have important consequences for him. In 1968 a chance discovery in Buenos Aires of a collection of drawings made aboard the Beagle by artist Conrad Martens set him to work on the history of Charles Darwin's voyage with Captain Robert FitzRoy to South America and back around the world via the Galapagos Islands. This led Dr. Keynes first to write The Beagle Record, then to produce a new edition of Darwin's classical account of his travels entitled The Beagle Diary, and most recently to transcribe Charles Darwin's Zoology Notes & Specimen Lists from H.M.S. Beagle, which was published for the first time in 2000. Educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, Dr. Keynes was Professor Emeritus at the University of Cambridge. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1959 and to the American Philosophical Society in 1977. Dr. Keynes died on June 12, 2010, at the age of 90.

13	Name:	Dr. William H. McNeill
	Institution:	University of Chicago
	Year Elected:	1977
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1917
	Death Date:	July 8, 2016

	Primarily known for his outstanding general histories, Canadian historian William Hardy McNeill was a highly qualified scholar of original mind and synthetic power. His most popular book, The Rise of the West, explored world history in terms of the effect that different civilizations have had upon one another over time, especially the dramatic effect of the west on others over the past 500 years. He had also written extensively on Europe's eastern frontier and on the history of European epidemics and their social effects. Among his other distinguished works are America, Britain and Russia, 1941-46 (1954); Europe's Steppe Frontier (1964); Venice, the Hinge of Europe, 1081-1797 (1974) and The Human Web: A Bird's-Eye View of World History, which he published with his son, the historian J.R. McNeill, in 2003. A member of the faculty of the University of Chicago since 1947, Dr. McNeill held the title of Robert A. Millikan Distinguished Service Professor of History Emeritus. He was an Erasmus Prize and National Book Award recipient, one of eight 2009 National Humanities Medalists, and a fellow of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1997. William H. McNeill died on July 8, 2016, at the age of 98.

14	Name:	Margaret Mead
	Year Elected:	1977
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1902
	Death Date:	11/15/78

15	Name:	Dr. Martin Meyerson
	Institution:	University of Pennsylvania
	Year Elected:	1977
	Class:	5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
	Subdivision:	503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1922
	Death Date:	June 2, 2007

16	Name:	Professor Chie Nakane
	Institution:	University of Tokyo
	Year Elected:	1977
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Subdivision:	403. Cultural Anthropology
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1926
	Death Date:	October 12, 2021

	Social anthropologist Chie Nakane is a respected scholar who has spent a lifetime studying human societies and chronicling her theories. One of the first women to graduate from the University of Tokyo, Ms. Nakane was the University's first female professor and the first female member of the Japan Academy. Now a professor emeritus, she traces her profound interest in social anthropology to her teenage years when she returned to Japan after living in China and was struck by the cultural and social differences between the two countries. After receiving her M.A. in 1950, she embarked on a career investigating Asian societies, including those of Japan, India, China and her special area of expertise, Tibet. In 1987, she won a Japan Foundation Award for this comparative research. Ms. Nakane's incisive study of Japan is presented in her seminal book, Japanese Society, which offers insight into what distinguishes Japanese society from other complex societies. Published in 1970, the book characterizes Japan as being built on a vertical organizational principle where a hierarchical order based on rank prevails. Ms. Nakane's other works include Kinship and Economic Organization in Rural Japan (1967) and Human Relationships in Japan (1972).

17	Name:	Eugene Ormandy
	Year Elected:	1977
	Class:	5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1899
	Death Date:	3/12/85

18	Name:	Dr. Yuri A. Ovchinnikov
	Year Elected:	1977
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Subdivision:	102. Chemistry and Chemical Biochemistry
	Residency:	International
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1934
	Death Date:	2/17/88

19	Name:	Dr. Keith R. Porter
	Institution:	University of Pennsylvania
	Year Elected:	1977
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Subdivision:	202. Cellular and Developmental Biology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1912
	Death Date:	5/2/97

20	Name:	Prof. Andrew M. Gleason
	Institution:	Harvard University
	Year Elected:	1977
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Subdivision:	104. Mathematics
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1921
	Death Date:	October 17, 2008

	Mathematician Andrew Gleason is well known for his major part in the solution of "Hilbert's Fifth Problem," which concerns the characterization of lie groups. Following his undergraduate career at Yale University, he was appointed a Junior Fellow at Harvard University in 1946. He received an honorary M.A. from Harvard in 1953 and, after serving as assistant professor to professor of mathematics from 1950-69, he was named Hollis Professor of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy at Harvard. A member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, Andrew Gleason retired from the Harvard faculty in 1992.

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