American Philosophical Society
Member History

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1Name:  Professor Mary Beard
 Institution:  Newnham College, University of Cambridge
 Year Elected:  2012
 Class:  4. Humanities
 Subdivision:  404a
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1955
   
 
Mary Beard is one of Britain’s best-known Classicists - a distinguished Professor of Classics at the University of Cambridge where she has taught for the last 27 years. She has written numerous books on the Ancient World, including the 2008 Wolfson Prize-winner, Pompeii: The Life of a Roman Town which portrays a vivid account of life in Pompeii in all its aspects from food to sex to politics. Previous books include The Roman Triumph, Classical Art from Greece to Rome and books on the Parthenon and the Colosseum as part of a series on wonders of the world. Her interests range from the social and cultural life of Ancient Greece and Rome to the Victorian understanding of antiquity. In addition Mary is Classics editor of the Time Literary Supplement and writes an engaging, often provocative, blog, A Don’s Life, a selection of which has been published in book form. In 2008 Mary was visiting Sather Professor at the University of California, Berkeley, where she gave a series of lectures on Roman laughter, one of her current research interests. In 2011 Mary delivered the prestigious Mellon Lectures at the National Art Gallery, Washington on the imagery of the Caesars. Mary’s academic achievement was acknowledged, in 2010, by the British Academy which elected her as a Fellow and in October 2011 Mary was inducted into the American Academy of Arts and Sciences as a Foreign Honorary Member. Books: All in a Don’s Day (Profile Books, 2012); The Parthenon (Profile Books, new edition 2010); It's a Don's Life (Profile Books, Nov. 2009); Pompeii: The Life of a Roman Town (Profile Books, 2008); The Roman Triumph (Harvard University Press, 2007); The Colosseum (with Keith Hopkins, Profile Books, 2005, new edition 2011); Classical Art from Greece to Rome (with John Henderson, Oxford University Press, 2001); The Invention of Jane Harrison (Harvard University Press, 2000); Religions of Rome (with John North and Simon Price, Cambridge University Press, 1998); Classics: A Very Short Introduction (with John Henderson, Oxford paperbacks, new edition 2000); Rome in the Late Republic (with Michael Crawford, Gerald Duckworth & Co, new edition 2000); S.P.Q.R.: A History of Ancient Rome (2015).
 
2Name:  Professor Peter P. Edwards
 Institution:  University of Oxford
 Year Elected:  2012
 Class:  1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
 Subdivision:  102. Chemistry and Chemical Biochemistry
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1949
   
 
Peter P. Edwards is currently Professor and Head of Inorganic Chemistry at the University of Oxford, and has held this position since 2003. Born in, England, he received his Ph.D. from Salford University in 1974. He has won a number of awards, including the Liversidge Medal of the Royal Society of Chemistry (1998), the Hughes Medal of the Royal Society (2003), and the Corday-Morgan Medal of the Royal Society of Chemistry (2006). He is a member of the Royal Society (1996) and the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina (2009). Peter Edwards’s work spans from inorganic and physical chemistry to condensed matter physics in both their purest and most applied aspects. He is the leading chemist studying the metal/insulator transition and superconductivity. He developed and championed a simple criterion for the metal-insulator transition applicable to many systems, including expanded fluid metals, hydrogen in the outer planets, transition metal oxides and doped semi-conductors. Motivated by the size induced metal/insulator transition, he discovered a wide variety of stoichiometrically defined metallic cluster compounds. Before the discovery of cuprates, Edwards identified doped transition metal oxides as possible superconductors, beginning with the superconducting spinel . He later discovered both the mercury-lead-based compounds which held the record high temperature transition and the fluoride-oxide superconductors. Edwards leads the U.K. Sustainable Hydrogen Energy Consortium. His scientific joie de vivre is illustrated by his paper on the materials aspects of Stradivarius violins. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2012.
 
3Name:  Mr. William Kentridge
 Year Elected:  2012
 Class:  5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
 Subdivision:  501. Creative Artists
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1955
   
 
William Kentridge was born in Johannesburg in 1955 into a Jewish family of political activists, lawyers who took on civil-rights cases against apartheid. He earned a B.A. in politics and African studies and a diploma in fine arts from Johannesburg Art Foundation. Between 1975 and 1991 he was acting and directing in Johannesburg’s Junction Avenue Theatre Company. His early work focused on narrative graphics, sometimes in series reminiscent of comic strips and more recently has developed into a radical fusion of the nature of drawing, print-making, and cinematography in which he photographs a graphic work, alters it, and films it again, creating animate images out of still ones. Traces of what had been erased remain visible, giving a sense of fading memory and the passing of time. His oeuvre addresses political and social themes from a personal viewpoint, often including self-portraits. In a series of nine short films, he introduces characters who reveal the emotional and political struggles affecting the lives of South Africans in the years before and after the abolition of Apartheid. He has directed films, plays and operas; his recent production of Mozart’s Magic Flute was warmly received in New York City. His filmic work, Five Themes, filling the four walls of five large galleries exhibited in the Museum of Modern Art in San Francisco and New York was included in the annual Time 100 list of the top people and events of 2009, and was selected as the best museum exhibit of the year by the International Association of Art Critics. Kentridge has been given major exhibitions in the Louvre, the Jeu de Paume and the Albertina museums, and in nine other countries. In 2012 he was awarded with the Centennial Medal of the American Academy in Rome.
 
4Name:  Dr. Janet Morgan
 Year Elected:  2012
 Class:  5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
 Subdivision:  503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1945
   
 
After some years of teaching politics and recent history at Oxford University, I joined the Central Policy Review Staff in the Cabinet Office, the so called ‘Think Tank’, working there during the governments of James Callaghan and Margaret Thatcher. The invitation to do so came at the end of a long case, heard by the Lord Chief Justice, to decide whether volume one of the diaries of a recently deceased cabinet minister, Richard Crossman, should or should not be published. I had edited this book - and went on to edit three further volumes - and, when the Government lost the case, was asked to come into the Cabinet Office to see for myself. Three years of government work, in which I sought to specialise in issues to do with advanced technological development, unfitted me for a return to the university. Thinking that it would be interesting to try to write a biography, I was fortunate to be asked to write the authorised life of Agatha Christie (author of detective stories). I also found work as a consultant to various companies and governments, including some years as adviser first to the Director General of the BBC and then to the board of the Granada Group. This gave time for a little writing etc, including the authorised life of Edwina Mountbatten (a person too complicated to summarise here). In 1988 I moved to Scotland. A variety of public appointments followed, supported by a sequence of directorships of companies in telecommunications, transport, retail, power generation, construction, finance etc. Since 1996 my main work has been in securing the investment of funds to deal with waste management and decommissioning liabilities of nuclear power stations. There has been one book, the account of a military espionage operation behind enemy lines in the First World War, the most difficult and enjoyable work I’ve done so far.
 
5Name:  Dr. Jeroen G. W. Raaijmakers
 Institution:  University of Amsterdam
 Year Elected:  2012
 Class:  3. Social Sciences
 Subdivision:  305
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1952
   
 
Jeroen G.W. Raaijmakers received his Ph.D. from the University of Nijmegen in 1979. In collaboration with Richard M. Shiffrin, he developed a new model (SAM, for Search of Associative Memory) for retrieval from long-term memory that gave a quantitative description of search processes in memory. Key features of the model were a precise description of the effects of combining several retrieval cues and the role of context in retrieval from memory. Over the past 30 years the model has been successfully applied to explain a large number of empirical phenomena and is generally considered as one of the most encompassing models of human memory and a standard in current memory research. In 1985, Dr. Raaijmakers moved to the TNO Institute for Perception (now called TNO Human Factors) to set up a new group on Applied Cognitive Psychology, focusing on knowledge systems and human decision making. In 1992, Dr. Raaijmakers became (full) professor in Cognitive Psychology at the University of Amsterdam. One of the activities there was the creation of a new interuniversity Graduate Program in Experimental Psychology. In 1993, the Graduate Research Institute for Experimental Psychology EPOS was formed with Dr. Raaijmakers as its first director. Between 2006 and 2010, Dr. Raaijmakers was director of the Cognitive Science Center Amsterdam, focusing on the stimulation of interdisciplinary research in Cognitive Science by bringing together researchers from neurobiology, cognitive psychology, linguistics, behavioral economics and information science to work on common issues in human (and animal) cognition. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2012. He was elected to the American Academy of Arts & Sciences in 2017
 
6Name:  Mr. Gerhard Richter
 Year Elected:  2012
 Class:  5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
 Subdivision:  501. Creative Artists
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1932
   
 
A towering figure in the history of German art, Gerhard Richter is widely regarded as one of the greatest living painters. His retrospectives at MOMA, SFMOMA, and the Hirschhorn (2002) established him as a pivotal figure in modern art. Richter’s immense oeuvre, which includes the great stained glass window in Cologne Cathedral (2007), is characterized by a plurality of means, most notably both photorealist compositions that are blurred in a signature way, and abstract paintings that, in the layered application of their paint surfaces, create spaces different from but analogous to those evoked by his photorealist images. The dialogue between these modes and others (color chart paintings, glass and mirror works, portraits), and the fact of a painter not maintaining a cohesive style, has altered the approach of artists in fashioning an oeuvre. Richter engaged in pivotal reflections on the nature of history, especially German history. His work represented in the exhibition Baader-Meinhof was a milestone in Germany’s "coming to terms with its past." Richter has encouraged artists of several generations likewise to think of painting as a vital art form that not only reflects on the human condition but that can change history. Richter’s work is instantly recognizable: the haunting blurred landscapes, evocations of a latter-day Romanticism, are unique in the history of art, and yet, within the context of the artist’s oeuvre, and through the detachment that the blurring effects and that the photo source implies, these images transcend personal expression. Art historically, Richter represents a profound local (i.e., German or European) response to Abstract Expressionism. Rooted in his biography (WWII experience, formation in the former GDR, emigration to West Germany, engagement in late 1960s agitations, etc.), his works profoundly revise the central directions that painting has taken since the 1960s. Richter’s oeuvre motivates a set of pivotal narratives about the history of modern and contemporary art.
 
7Name:  Dr. Salvatore Settis
 Institution:  Scuola Normale Superiore
 Year Elected:  2012
 Class:  4. Humanities
 Subdivision:  401. Archaeology
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1941
   
 
Salvatore Settis has been Director of the Getty Research Institute, Los Angeles (1994-1999) and of the Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa (1999-2010), where he also taught Classical Archaeology and Art History. He has been Visiting Professor in several universities; moreover, he delivered the Isaia Berlin Lectures at the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford, the Mellon Lectures at the National Gallery of Art in Washington DC, and the Lectures of the Catedra del Museo del Prado in Madrid. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, of the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Rome, of the Institut de France, of the Istituto Veneto, and of the Academies of Sciences in Berlin, Munich, Brussells, and Turin. His research interests include ancient and Renaissance art history. Among his books: Saggio sull'Afrodite Urania di Fidia , Pisa 1966; La «Tempesta» interpretata. Giorgione, i committenti, il soggetto , Turin 1978 [English: Giorgione's Tempest. Interpreting the Hidden Subject , Cambridge 1990] ; La Colonna Traiana , Turin 1988; Laocoonte. Fama e stile , Rome 1999; Italia S.p.A. L’assalto al patrimonio culturale , Turin 2002; Futuro del Classico, Turin 2004 [English: The Future of the Classical, Oxford 2006]; Battaglie senza eroi. I beni culturali fra istituzioni e profitto, Milan 2005; Artisti e committenti fra Quattro e Cinquecento, Turin 2010; Paesaggio Costituzione cemento. La battaglia per l’ambiente contro il degrado civile, Turin 2011. He was editor of Memoria dell'Antico nell'arte italiana, vols. 1-3, Turin 1984-86, of I Greci. Storia, arte, cultura, società, vols. 1-6, Turin 1995-2002, and of The Classical Tradition , Harvard University Press 2010 (with A. Grafton and G. W. Most), and is the general editor of the series Mirabilia Italiae. For his interest in the preservation of landscape and cultural heritage, he has been Chair of Italy’s High Council for Cultural Heritage and Landscape (“Consiglio Superiore dei Beni Culturali e Paesaggistici”) and was awarded two honorary degrees in Law, by the universities of Padua (2007) and Rome-Tor Vergata (2008).
 
8Name:  Ms. Claire Tomalin
 Year Elected:  2012
 Class:  3. Social Sciences
 Subdivision:  303. History Since 1715
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Living
 Birth Date:  1933
   
 
Claire Tomalin, nee Delavenay, was born in 1933 in London of a French father and an English mother, studied at Cambridge, worked in publishing and journalism as literary editor of the New Statesman, then the Sunday Times, while bringing up her children. In 1974 she published her first book The Life and Death of Mary Wollstonecraft, which won the Whitbread First Book Prize. Since then she has researched and written Shelley and His World, 1980; Katherine Mansfield: A Secret Life, 1987; The Invisible Woman: the story of Nelly Ternan and Charles Dickens, 1991 [NCR, Hawthornden, James Tait Black prizes - now being filmed with Ralph Fiennes]; Mrs Jordan's Profession, 1994; Jane Austen: A Life, 1997; Samuel Pepys: the Unequalled Self, 2002 [Whitbread biography and Book of the Year prizes, Pepys Society Prize, Rose Crawshay Prize]. Thomas Hardy: The Time-Torn Man appeared in 2006, after which she made a television film about Hardy, and published a selection of Hardy’s poems. Her Charles Dickens: A Life was published in 2011. She organized two exhibitions, about the Regency actress Mrs. Jordan at Kenwood in 1995, and about Mary Wollstonecraft and Mary Shelley in 1997. She also edited and introduced Mary Shelley’s story for children, Maurice. A collection of her reviews, Several Strangers, appeared in 1999. She has served on the Committee of the London Library and as a Trustee of the National Portrait Gallery and the Wordsworth Trust. She is a Vice-President of the Royal Literary Fund, of the Royal Society of Literature and of English PEN. She enjoys walking, gardening, travelling, being with her children and grandchildren, and listening to classical music and opera. She lives in London and is married to the playwright and novelist Michael Frayn.
 
Election Year
2012[X]