Subdivision
| • | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | [X] |
| | 21 | Name: | Lord Alec Broers | | | Institution: | University of Cambridge; Royal Academy of Engineering | | | Year Elected: | 2001 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1938 | | | | | | |
Sir Alec Broers' career has greatly illuminated the industrial application of physics. Specifically, his primary research interests concern the application of ultra violet light, electrons and x-rays to microscopy. Dr. Broers spent almost 20 years working for IBM in the United States; upon leaving the company in 1984, he became professor of electrical engineering at the University of Cambridge. He has served on numerous British government, EEC, and NATO committees including the U.K. Engineering and Physics Science and Research Council (EPSRC), the Cabinet Office Foresight Panel on Information Technology, and the NATO Special Panel on Nanoscience. A member of the Royal Society, he is also a member of the U.S. National Academy of Engineering. For six years he was Master of Churchill College and was elected Vice Chancellor of Cambridge University in 1996. He is currently Vice Chancellor Emeritus and Professor of Electrical Engineering Emeritus at Cambridge as well as president of the Royal Academy of Engineering. | |
| 22 | Name: | Mr. J. Carter Brown | | | Institution: | Ovation - The Arts Network & National Gallery of Art | | | Year Elected: | 1992 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1934 | | | Death Date: | June 17, 2002 | | | | |
| 23 | Name: | Dr. Tomiko Brown-Nagin | | | Institution: | Harvard Radcliffe Institute, Harvard University | | | Year Elected: | 2021 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1970 | | | | | | |
Tomiko Brown-Nagin is an award-winning legal historian, an expert in constitutional law and education law and policy, a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a member of the American Law Institute, a member of the American Philosophical Society, a fellow of the American Bar Foundation, and a distinguished lecturer for the Organization of American Historians. She has published articles and book chapters on a wide range of topics, including the Supreme Court’s equal protection jurisprudence, civil rights law and history, the Affordable Care Act, and education reform. Her 2011 book, Courage to Dissent: Atlanta and the Long History of the Civil Rights Movement (Oxford), won six awards, including the Bancroft Prize in U.S. History. In her new book, Civil Rights Queen: Constance Baker Motley and the Struggle for Equality (Pantheon, forthcoming January 2022), Brown-Nagin explores the life and times of Constance Baker Motley, the pathbreaking lawyer, politician, and judge.
In 2019, Brown-Nagin was appointed chair of the Presidential Committee on Harvard and the Legacy of Slavery, which is anchored at the Radcliffe Institute. Brown-Nagin has previously served as faculty director of Harvard Law School’s Charles Hamilton Houston Institute and as codirector of Harvard Law School’s law and history program, among other leadership roles.
She earned a law degree from Yale University, where she served as an editor of the Yale Law Journal; a doctorate in history from Duke University; and a BA in history, summa cum laude, from Furman University.
Brown-Nagin held the 2016–2017 Joy Foundation Fellowship at the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study and became dean of the Institute on July 1, 2018. | |
| 24 | Name: | Dr. Gro Harlem Brundtland | | | Institution: | World Health Organization | | | Year Elected: | 2002 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1939 | | | | | | |
Gro Harlem Brundtland is a pioneering physician and international civil servant who has used her combination of scientific training, political skill and moral leadership to draw the world's attention to the challenges of sustainability and global health. She was appointed Prime Minister of Norway for the first time in 1981, at the age of 41, becoming the first woman and then the youngest person to hold that office. Dr. Brundtland served as Head of Government for more than 10 years. As chair of the World Commission on Environment and Development, she was responsible for the report "Our Common Future" in April 1987. This report introduced the influential concept of sustainability as humanity's capacity to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This report led to the first Earth Summit, the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 and to many subsequent activities to promote environmental protection with economic development. As Director-General of the World Health Organization since July 1998 (again, the first woman to hold that office), Dr. Brundtland has mobilized resources and provided moral and technical leadership to improve people's health everywhere. In 2007 she was chosen by United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon as a special envoy to the U.N. in addressing climate change. | |
| 25 | Name: | Ms. Louise Henry Bryson | | | Institution: | J. Paul Getty Trust | | | Year Elected: | 2020 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1944 | | | | | | |
Louise Henry Bryson served on the Board of Trustees for the J. Paul Getty Trust for twelve years, four as Chair of the Board. She was made Chair Emerita in 2010. She was asked to Co-Chair the task force to develop and deepen awareness and private support for the first Pacific Standard Time initiative, a project she had strongly supported as Board Chair. In 2011, she co-founded the Getty Conservation Council and serves as its Chair.
Ms. Bryson had a thirty-four-year career in media and retired in 2008. She was President of Distribution for Lifetime Entertainment Services and Executive Vice President and General Manager of Lifetime Movie Networks (LMN). Previously, as Senior Vice President at FX Networks, she represented Fox-owned and affiliated stations in negotiations with all U.S. cable and satellite companies and launched FX in June of 1994 with the then largest distribution in cable history. She was a member of the NBC team that initiated the first Pay-Per-View Olympics and was the General Manager of Z Channel, a critically acclaimed LA-based movie channel.
Ms. Bryson started her career as a producer and writer for public television and continued her interest in public media. She was a founder and Chair of the Board of KCET in Los Angeles, and a former member of the PBS National Board, which honored her with the 1998 Award for Excellence in Public Television Leadership.
She serves on the boards of Huntington Memorial Hospital, California Community Foundation, Second Stage Theatre in New York, Public Policy Institute of California, and Public Media Group of Southern California. She was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2010 and is a member of the Academy’s Trust and Board and Co-Chair of the AAAS 2022 $100 Million Campaign. Ms. Bryson is a former Trustee of American Funds, WETA, the PBS station in D.C. and Trustee Emerita of Pomona College
She has an MBA and MAT from Stanford University and a BA from University of Washington.
She and her husband, John, have four daughters and reside in San Marino, California. | |
| 26 | Name: | Mr. Warren Edward Buffett | | | Year Elected: | 2009 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1930 | | | | | | |
Warren E. Buffett is considered one of the leading investors in the United States and perhaps the world. He has been the Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer at his company, Berkshire Hathaway, Inc. since 1970. He has always been a constructive investor, interested in the long-run success of a corporation as distinguished from short-run profit. He won the Lifeboat Foundation Guardian Award in 2002, the University of California, Berkeley Award for Distinguished Contributions to Financial Reporting in 2007, and the 2010 Medal of Freedom, and was inducted into the American Academy of Arts & Sciences in 1992. | |
| 27 | Name: | Secretary Lonnie Bunch | | | Institution: | Smithsonian Institution | | | Year Elected: | 2020 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1952 | | | | | | |
Historian, author, curator, and educator, Lonnie G. Bunch, III is the 14th Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, the world’s largest museum complex, who was appointed in June 2019.
Prior to assuming this position, Bunch was the founding director of the Smithsonian’s National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC). In this position he provided strategic leadership in areas of fundraising, collections, and academic and cultural partnerships.
As a public historian, a scholar who brings history to the people, Bunch has spent nearly 30 years in the museum field where he is regarded as one of the nation’s leading figures in the historical and museum community.
Prior to his July 2005 appointment as director of NMAAHC, Bunch served as the president of the Chicago Historical Society, one of the nation’s oldest museums of history.
Bunch has held several positions at the Smithsonian, and spent a number of years at both the National Museum of American History and the National Air and Space Museum.
A prolific and widely published author, Bunch has written on topics ranging from slavery, the black military experience, the American presidency, and all black towns in the American west to diversity in museum management and the impact of funding and politics on American museums.
In service to the historical and cultural community, Bunch has served on the advisory boards of several professional organizations. Among his many awards, he was appointed by President George W. Bush to the Commission for the Preservation of the White House in 2002 and reappointed by President Barack Obama in 2009.
Bunch has received honorary doctorates from an array of Universities including: Harvard University, Princeton University, Brown University, Dominican University, Roosevelt University, Rutgers University, Northwestern University, and Georgetown University.
Born in the Newark, N.J. area, Bunch has held numerous teaching positions across the country including American University; the University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth; and The George Washington University. He received undergraduate and graduate degrees from American University in African American and American history.
He is married to Maria Marable Bunch, a museum educator. They have two daughters, Sarah and Katie. | |
| 28 | Name: | Mr. James E. Burke | | | Institution: | Partnership for a Drug-Free America & Johnson & Johnson | | | Year Elected: | 1991 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1925 | | | Death Date: | September 28, 2012 | | | | | | |
In his nearly forty years (1953-89) with the Johnson & Johnson Corporation, James E. Burke earned much respect for the quality of his executive ability and his concern for those less fortunate in life than he. He was involved in several causes benefiting others, and he held many posts that reflect leadership and sound judgment. As chairman of the board and chief executive officer of Johnson & Johnson, he enhanced the importance of business ethics and corporate social responsibility by challenging and rededicating the principles of the Johnson & Johnson credo throughout the corporation. With primary concern for public safety, he recalled millions of bottles of Tylenol capsules during criminal tampering incidents in 1982 and 1986. Recognizing humankind's yearning for a longer and healthier life, he initiated a comprehensive program of employee wellness called "Live for Life." During a time when American industry was forsaking the research and development necessary to stay competitive, he saw the need to invest heavily, quadrupuling the corporation's R&D investment. Following his retirement, he became chairman of the Partnership for a Drug-Free America, a coalition of communications professionals dedicated to persuading children to reject substance abuse. For this work he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian award in the United States, by President Clinton. He became Chairman Emeritus of PDFA at the end of 2002. Mr. Burke was a member of the National Business Hall of Fame, and Fortune magazine named him one of the ten greatest CEOs of all time.
James Burke died September 28, 2012, at the age of 87, near New Brunswick, New Jersey. | |
| 29 | Name: | Dr. Frederick H. Burkhardt | | | Institution: | American Council of Learned Societies | | | Year Elected: | 1983 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1912 | | | Death Date: | September 23, 2007 | | | | | | |
The Society's 2003 Thomas Jefferson Medal for Distinguished Achievement in the Arts, Humanities, or Social Sciences is awarded to Frederick H. Burkhardt, who has made extraordinary contributions to all three of these fields.
A graduate of Columbia University and Oriel College at Oxford, a philosopher by training, he served as general editor of the definitive 19-volume series on the works of William James, published by Harvard University Press. After distinguished service in World War II, he presided over Bennington College for ten years. He then served for fifteen years as president of the American Council of Learned Societies (ACLS). As ACLS president, he did much to develop the field of area studies. He was at the forefront in promoting international cultural exchanges, and he became one of the architects of the legislation that led to the foundation of the National Councils of the Arts and Humanities. He has been chairman of the New York Public Library, the National Committee on Libraries and Information Science, and the Board of Higher Education in New York City. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1983.
In his retirement, he began 28 years ago to collect and edit Darwin's letters, and he has now become the senior editor, guiding light and inspiration of the monumental series on The Correspondence of Charles Darwin, published by the Cambridge University Press. This series has already reached 14 volumes and is planned to conclude with the 32nd volume in 2012. This magnificent and authoritative edition has received universal praise. It has been described in various reviews as "one of the triumphs in scope and excellence of post-war publishing in England," "a treasure house for scientists, sociologists and geographers alike" and "one of the most important reference books to be published in the twentieth century on the culture of science, technology and medicine." Last year it received the Queen's Award for Excellence.
The American Philosophical Society is proud to recognize the devoted public service, transforming leadership, exemplary editorship, and groundbreaking scholarship of Frederick Henry Burkhardt. | |
| 30 | Name: | Professor Sir David Cannadine | | | Institution: | British Academy; Princeton University | | | Year Elected: | 2019 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1950 | | | | | | |
David Cannadine is the former President of the British Academy, the Dodge Professor of History Emeritus at Princeton University, and a Visiting Professor of History at Oxford University. He earned his D.Phil. from Oxford University in 1975. His work history includes St. John's College and Christ's College at Cambridge University, being Moore Collegiate Professor of History at Columbia University, being Director of the Institute of Historical Research and Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother Professor of British History at University of London, and Whitney J. Oates Senior Research Scholar and Lecturer with the rank of Professor at Princeton University.
David Cannadine is a distinguished historian of modern Britain (knighted for his work in 2009) who for many years has led a trans-Atlantic life, teaching at Princeton and Oxford while publishing a steady stream of well-received books. The first in his family to attend university, he has a deep research interest in the role of class in British life and history. He is active in many British learned societies and became president of the British Academy in 2017.
His works include Decline and Fall of the British Aristocracy (1990), The Rise and Fall of Class in Britain (1998), Ornamentalism: How the British Saw the Empire (2001), Margaret Thatcher: A Life (2016), and Victorious Century: The United Kingdom 1800-1906 (2017). Among his honors are the Lionel Trilling Prize in 2009, the Dean's Distinguished Award in the Humanities of Columbia University in 1996, the Dickinson Medal of the Newcomen Society in 2003, Knight Bachelor in 2008, Tercentenary Medal of the Society of Antiquaries in 2008, and the Minerva Medal of the Royal Philosophical Society of Glasgow in 2012. He is a member of the Royal Historical Society (1981), the Royal Society of Arts (1998), the Royal Society of Literature (1999), the British Academy (1999), the Society of Antiquaries of London (2005), and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences (2018). David Cannadine was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2019. | |
| 31 | Name: | Lord Caradon | | | Institution: | Princeton University | | | Year Elected: | 1978 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1907 | | | Death Date: | 9/5/90 | | | | |
| 32 | Name: | His Majesty Juan Carlos | | | Institution: | King of Spain | | | Year Elected: | 1992 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1938 | | | | | | |
Juan Carlos de Borbon y Borbon was born in 1938 in Rome, where the Spanish Royal Family was living at that time, having had to leave Spain when the Republic was proclaimed in 1931. He is the son of Don Juan de Borbon y Battenberg, Count of Barcelona and Head of the Spanish Royal Household ever since King Alfonso XIII had relinquished this status, and Dona Maria de las Mercedes de Borbon y Orleans. At the express wish of his father, he was educated in Spain, which he visited for the first time at the age of ten. In 1954 he completed his Baccalaureate at the San Isidro School in Madrid, and in 1955 began his studies at the Academies and Military Colleges of the Army, the Navy and the Air Force. During this time he carried out his practice voyage as a midshipman on the training ship Juan Sebastian Elcano and qualified as a military pilot. In 1960-61 he completed his education at Madrid's Complutense University, where he studied constitutional and international law, economics and taxation. On May 14th, 1962, he married Princess Sofia of Greece, the eldest daughter of King Paul I and Queen Federika, in Athens. After their honeymoon, the Prince and Princess went to live at the Palacio de la Zarzuela, on the outskirts of Madrid, which is still their residence. In 1963 the first of their three children, Princess Elena, was born, followed, two years later, by Princess Cristina and finally, in 1968, by Prince Felipe. After his designation as future successor to the Head of State in 1969, he embarked on a series of official activities, touring Spain and visiting many foreign countries, including France, the Federal Republic of Germany, the United States, Japan, China and India. Upon the death of the previous Head of State, Francisco Franco, Juan Carlos was proclaimed King on November 22nd, 1975. In his first message to the nation he expressed the basic ideas of his reign, to restore democracy and become King of all Spaniards, without exception. The transition to democracy, under the guidance of a new Government, began with the Law on Political Reform in 1976. In May 1977, the Count of Barcelona transferred to the King his dynasty rights and his position as head of the Spanish Royal Household, at a ceremony which confirmed the fulfillment of the role incumbent on the Crown in the restoration of democracy. A month later the first democratic election since 1936 was held, and the new parliament drafted the text of the current Constitution, which was approved in a referendum on December 6th, 1978. The Constitution established as the form of government of the Spanish State that of a parliamentary monarchy, in which the King is the arbiter and overseer of the proper working of the institutions. By giving the royal assent to this Constitution, King Juan Carlos expressly proclaimed his firm intention to abide by it and serve it. In fact, it was the actions of the Monarch that saved the Constitution and democracy during the night of February 23, 1981, when the constitutional powers had been retained in the Parliament building in an attempted coup. In the course of 18 years the King has toured Europe, Latin America, the United States and Canada, the Middle East, China, Japan, Indonesia, Australia, New Zealand and many countries in Africa. He has also addressed many international organizations: the United Nations, the institutions of the European Union, the Council of Europe, the Organization of American States, UNESCO, the International Labour Organization and the Arab League. The King has encouraged a new style in conducting relations with Latin America, emphasizing the identifying features of a cultural community based on a common language, and pointing out the need to generate common initiatives and take part in suitable kinds of cooperative activity. The countries of that area have shown great generosity in agreeing on the need to create a permanent framework capable of expressing this new situation, setting objectives and organizing programs and specific lines of action. This is the rationale behind the Latin American Conferences, the first of which was held in Guadalajara, Mexico, in 1991. As a convinced European and a winner of the Charlemagne Award in 1982, Juan Carlos delivers insistent reminders of Spain's European calling throughout its history. The importance of the European Union in the contemporary world and in particular in the areas which are most akin to it, including Latin America, has been stressed by the King in many messages, such as the one he gave at the French National Assembly in 1993. King Juan Carlos, who pays constant attention to the world of intellectual developments and its capacity for innovation, has a special relationship with universities, both in Spain and abroad, where he has had conferred upon him honorary doctorates by the most renowned centers, including the Universities of Bologna, Oxford, Cambridge and Harvard, amongst many others. He is also an associate member of the Institut de France. He also pays special attention to the future of the Spanish language and the heritage of the community of Spanish speakers. The King is honorary president of the Board of Trustees of the Cervantes Institute, which is dedicated to the dissemination of the Spanish language worldwide, and the Foundation in support of the Royal Academy, to whose setting up in 1993 he contributed out of his own personal patrimony. As a keen practitioner of several sports, such as skiing and sailing, Juan Carlos supports and appreciates sport as a formative influence of unquestionable social value. The presence of the King and Queen and their encouragement of the Spanish Olympic teams during the Games in Barcelona in 1992 attest to the importance which Juan Carlos attaches to this activity. In 2014 Juan Carlos abdicated his throne in favor of his son, Felipe. | |
| 33 | Name: | The Honorable Jimmy Carter | | | Institution: | Former President of the United States & The Carter Center, Inc. & Emory University & Carnegie Commission on Science, Technology, and Government | | | Year Elected: | 1991 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1924 | | | | | | |
Jimmy Carter (James Earl Carter, Jr.), thirty-ninth president of the United States, was born October 1, 1924, in the small farming town of Plains, Georgia, and grew up in the nearby community of Archery. He was educated in the Plains public schools, attended Georgia Southwestern College and the Georgia Institute of Technology, and received a B.S. degree from the United States Naval Academy in 1946. In the Navy he became a submariner, serving in both the Atlantic and Pacific fleets and rising to the rank of lieutenant. Chosen by Admiral Hyman Rickover for the nuclear submarine program, he was assigned to Schenectady, N.Y., where he took graduate work at Union College in reactor technology and nuclear physics, and served as senior officer of the pre-commissioning crew of the Seawolf. When his father died in 1953, he resigned his naval commission and took his family back to Plains. He took over the Carter farms, and he and and his wife Rosalynn operated Carter's Warehouse, a general-purpose seed and farm supply company. He quickly became a leader of the community, serving on county boards supervising education, the hospital authority, and the library. In 1962 he won election to the Georgia Senate. He lost his first gubernatorial campaign in 1966 but won the next election, becoming Georgia's 76th governor on January 12, 1971. He was the Democratic National Committee campaign chairman for the 1974 congressional elections. On December 12, 1974, he announced his candidacy for president of the United States. He won his party's nomination on the first ballot at the 1976 Democratic National Convention, and was elected president on November 2, 1976. Jimmy Carter served as president from January 20, 1977 to January 20, 1981. Significant foreign policy accomplishments of his administration included the Panama Canal treaties, the Camp David Accords, the treaty of peace between Egypt and Israel, the SALT II treaty with the Soviet Union, and the establishment of U.S. diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China. He championed human rights throughout the world. On the domestic side, the administration's achievements included a comprehensive energy program conducted by a new Department of Energy; deregulation in energy, transportation, communications, and finance; major educational programs under a new Department of Education; and major environmental protection legislation, including the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act. Mr. Carter is the author of a long list of books, many of which are now in revised editions: Why Not the Best? (1975, 1996); A Government as Good as Its People (1977, 1996); Keeping Faith: Memoirs of a President (1982, 1995); Negotiation: The Alternative to Hostility (1984); The Blood of Abraham (1985, 1993); Everything to Gain: Making the Most of the Rest of Your Life, written with Rosalynn Carter (1987, 1995); An Outdoor Journal (1988, 1994); Turning Point: A Candidate, a State, and a Nation Come of Age (1992); Talking Peace: A Vision for the Next Generation (1993, 1995); Always a Reckoning (1995); The Little Baby Snoogle-Fleejer, illustrated by Amy Carter (1995); Living Faith (1996); Sources of Strength: Meditations on Scripture for a Living Faith (1997); The Virtues of Aging (1998); An Hour before Daylight: Memoirs of a Rural Boyhood (2001); Christmas in Plains: Memories (2001); The Nobel Peace Prize Lecture (2002); The Hornet's Nest: A Novel of the Revolutionary War (2003); Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid (2006); and White House Diary (2010). His most recent books are Beyond the White House: Waging Peace, Fighting Disease and Building Hope (2007); A Remarkable Mother (2008); We Can Have Peace in the Holy Land: A Plan That Will Work (2009); and A Call to Action: Women, Religion, Violence and Power (2014). In 1982, he became University Distinguished Professor at Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, and founded the Carter Center in Atlanta. Actively guided by President Carter, the nonpartisan and nonprofit center addresses national and international issues of public policy. Carter Center fellows, associates and staff join with President Carter in efforts to resolve conflict, promote democracy, protect human rights, and prevent disease and other afflictions. Through the Global 2000 program, the Center advances health and agriculture in the developing world. President Carter and The Carter Center have engaged in conflict mediation in Ethiopia and Eritrea (1989), North Korea (1994), Liberia (1994), Haiti (1994), Bosnia (1994), Sudan (1995), the Great Lakes region of Africa (1995-96), Sudan and Uganda (1999), and Venezuela (2002-2003). Under his leadership The Carter Center has sent forty-seven international election-monitoring delegations to elections in the Americas, Africa, and Asia. These include Panama (1989), Nicaragua (1990), Guyana (1992), Venezuela (1998), Nigeria (1999), Indonesia (1999), East Timor (1999), Mexico (2000), China (2001), Jamaica (2002), and Guatemala (2003).The permanent facilities of The Carter Presidential Center were dedicated in October, 1986, and include the Jimmy Carter Library and Museum. Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter volunteer one week a year for Habitat for Humanity, a nonprofit organization that helps needy people in the United States and in other countries renovate and build homes for themselves. He also teaches Sunday school and is a deacon in the Maranatha Baptist Church of Plains. For recreation, he enjoys fly-fishing, woodworking, jogging, cycling, tennis, and skiing. The Carters have three sons, one daughter, eight grandsons, and three granddaughters. On December 10, 2002, the Norwegian Nobel Committee awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for 2002 to Mr. Carter "for his decades of untiring effort to find peaceful solutions to international conflicts, to advance democracy and human rights, and to promote economic and social development." To this day, he continues to work for these goals and against the world's most intractable problems. In 2007 he joined the Elders, a freelance global diplomatic team dedicated to working for the common good. The alliance also includes former South African president Nelson Mandela, former Irish president Mary Robinson and the retired Anglican archbishop Desmond Tutu. In 2017 he was honored by the Ford Foundation with the Gerald R. Ford Medal for Distinguished Public Service as well as the O'Connor Justice Prize. | |
| 34 | Name: | Dr. Carol T. Christ | | | Institution: | University of California, Berkeley; Smith College | | | Year Elected: | 2013 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1944 | | | | | | |
Carol T. Christ is, as of July 2017, the Chancellor of the University of California, Berkeley. An esteemed scholar of English literature and a recognized leader in higher education, Carol T. Christ was the 10th president of Smith College. She retired as president in June 2013. Christ came to Smith in 2002 following a 30-year career in teaching and administration at the University of California, Berkeley, which culminated in her appointment as executive vice chancellor, the university’s top academic officer. At Smith, Christ has led a comprehensive strategic planning process to identify the distinctive intellectual traditions of the Smith curriculum and to develop students’ essential capacities. The Smith Design for Learning: A Plan to Reimagine a Liberal Arts Education identifies priority areas - among them, international studies, environmental sustainability, and community engagement - for significant investment over the coming decade. The product of two years of intensive work and the engagement of thousands of alumnae, faculty, staff and students, The Smith Design underscores Smith’s mission to "educate women of promise for lives of distinction." Under Christ’s leadership, Smith undertook one of the most ambitious capital projects in the college’s history: Ford Hall, a state-of-the-art, sustainably designed classroom and laboratory facility named in recognition of its lead donor, the Ford Motor Company Fund. Opened in fall 2009, Ford Hall is home to the college’s pioneering Picker Engineering Program as well as the departments of molecular biology, chemistry, biochemistry and computer science. In 2010, Christ launched The Futures Initiative, a year-long strategic-thinking project focused on 2020 and beyond, which examined the college’s academic and financial models in the context of trends in higher education. Participants - trustees, faculty and senior campus leaders - engaged questions of demographics, globalization, pre- and post-college education, and diverse pathways toward an undergraduate degree, with the aim of positioning Smith for long-term success.
Over the decade of Christ’s leadership, the student body has become notably more diverse and international, reflecting a commitment to educating students who are prepared to assume leadership roles around the world. Christ has extended Smith’s global ties, through partnerships such as Women’s Education Worldwide, an organization of women’s colleges in 20 countries, and the Women in Public Service Project, a founding partnership of the Department of State and the five leading U.S. women’s colleges to train a new generation of women to enter the public sector with the skills and passion to address global challenges. In spring 2012, Smith agreed to serve as the academic planning partner for a new liberal arts university for women, the Asian Women’s Leadership University, in Malaysia.
Christ graduated with honors from Douglass College and received her doctorate from Yale University.
As president, she continued to teach, offering seminars on science and literature, and on the arts. In 2004 she was named a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, in recognition of her accomplishments in higher education. In 2007 Yale University Graduate School presented Christ with its highest honor, the Wilbur Lucius Cross Medal, in recognition of her distinguished achievements in scholarship, teaching, academic administration and public service. In 2011 she was awarded an honorary doctoral degree by the American College of Greece for her service to education and public life. Carol Christ was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2013. | |
| 35 | Name: | The Honorable Warren Christopher | | | Institution: | O'Melveny & Myers | | | Year Elected: | 1997 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1925 | | | Death Date: | March 18, 2011 | | | | | | |
A veteran of three Democratic administrations, Warren Christopher was an accomplished policy maker and lawyer with years of distinguished public and private service. As Deputy Secretary of State for President Carter (1977-81) he skillfully negotiated the release of 52 American hostages in Iran, and he was instrumental in the normalization of relations with China and the ratification of the Panama Canal treaties. As Secretary of State for President Clinton (1993-97), his foreign policy successes included a historic peace accord in the Balkans, a cease-fire between Great Britain and the Irish Republican Army, resumption of formal relations with Vietnam, resolution of potential nuclear arms problems with North Korea, and a peace accord between Israel and the Palestinians of the West Bank and Gaza. For his achievements in public service Mr. Christopher was awarded the Medal of Freedom (1981), and, as a native North Dakotan, that state's Roughrider Award. Prior to his appointment under President Clinton, Mr. Christopher served as chairman of the law firm O'Melveny & Myers, with which he remained associated as a senior partner until his death. He was a graduate of Stanford University Law School (LL.B., 1949), where he was the founder and president of the Stanford Law Review. Warren Christopher died March 18, 2011, at the age of 85, in Los Angeles, California. | |
| 36 | Name: | Mr. George R. Clark | | | Institution: | Girard Bank (now Mellon Bank) | | | Year Elected: | 1967 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1910 | | | Death Date: | 6/15/98 | | | | |
| 37 | Name: | Dr. Joel E. Cohen | | | Institution: | Rockefeller University | | | Year Elected: | 1994 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1944 | | | | | | |
Joel E. Cohen is Abby Rockefeller Mauzé Professor of Populations and heads the Laboratory of Populations at the Rockefeller and Columbia Universities. At the Earth Institute of Columbia, Dr. Cohen holds appointments in the School of International and Public Affairs, the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, and the Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology. Dr. Cohen's research deals with the demography, ecology, epidemiology and social organization of human and non-human populations, and with mathematical concepts useful in these fields. He received doctorates in applied mathematics in 1970 and in population sciences and tropical public health in 1973 from Harvard. He joined the faculty of Rockefeller University in 1975 and of Columbia University in 1995. Dr. Cohen has published more than 365 academic papers. His 14 books include (with Kemperman and Zbaganu) Comparisons of Stochastic Matrices, with Applications in Information Theory, Statistics, Economics and Populations Sciences, which received the Gheorghe Lazar Prize of the Romanian Academy, and How Many People Can the Earth Support, which earned Dr. Cohen the inaugural Olivia Schieffelin Nordberg Prize "for excellence in writing the population sciences." He is also the co-author (with B. Devine) of a book of scientific and mathematical jokes entitled Absolute Zero Gravity. Dr. Cohen was a co-recipient of the Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement in 1999. Named one of "America's Top 100 Young Scientists" by Science Digest in 1984, Dr. Cohen was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1994 and to the U.S. National Academy of Sciences in 1997. In 2015 he won the Golden Goos Award along with Christopher Small.
Web Link 1: http://lab.rockefeller.edu/cohenje/cohenvita
Web Link 2: http://lab.rockefeller.edu/cohenje/cohenall
Web Link 3: http://lab.rockefeller.edu/cohenje/ | |
| 38 | Name: | Dr. Nili Cohen | | | Institution: | Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities; Tel Aviv University | | | Year Elected: | 2022 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1947 | | | | | | |
Nili Cohen was born in 1947 in Kfar Saba and graduated from the Ironi Dalet High School in Tel Aviv. She started her academic path in the Faculty of Law at Tel Aviv University and completed her LL.B magna cum laude. In 1971 she started her LL.M degree and gained it summa cum laude in 1975.
In 1978, Nili Cohen was awarded her Ph.D. from Tel Aviv University for her thesis “The Protection of Obligation against Interference by Third Parties”, which was supervised by Israel Prize Laureate and former Minister of Justice, Prof. Daniel Friedmann. She became a full professor at Tel Aviv University in 1989.
Her research deal with contract law, tort law, the law of unjust enrichment, and law and literature, a field she has developed in recent years. Her main work in the field of contract, co-authored with Prof. Daniel Friedmann, is reflected in the four-volume series Contracts, which is frequently cited in Israel’s courts.
Over the years, Nili Cohen has been involved in Comparative Law enterprises around the world. She is a member of the American Law Institute in which she took part in the advisory committee to Restitution3rd. She co-authored two chapters in the International Encyclopaedia of Comparative Law, and she took part in the project of the Common Core of European Private Law.
Nili Cohen has won a number of awards for her academic activities, including: The Sussman Prize for her book Interference with Contractual Relations, the Zeltner Prize for her book Inducing Breach of Contract. She was again awarded the Sussman Prize for Contracts (with Prof. Daniel Friedmann), and in 2002, she was awarded the Minkoff Prize for Excellence in Law. In the academic years 2003/4, 2004/5, and 2014/15 she won the Rector’s Prize at Tel Aviv University for Excellence in Teaching.
In 1994 Nili Cohen was elected for the position of Vice Rector at Tel Aviv University and between 1997 and 2001 she served as the University’s Rector. A member of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities since 2004, she served as its President in 2015-2021. In this capacity, she promoted academic research in Israel, encouraged the role of women in science, advanced young researchers, promoted international academic ties, contributed to the development and shaping of legal and academic research in Israeli society and to opening the Academy’s gates to the general public.
Since 2004 she organizes the open series on Law and Literature at Tel-Aviv University, within which the most prominent Israeli authors, Amos Oz, A"B Yehoshua, David Grossman, Meir Shalev, Haim Beer, Zeruya Shalev take part.
Nili Cohen is an Israel Prize Laureate in the field of legal research for 2017, a member of Academia Europaea, a member of the American Philosophical Society and holds an honorary professorship from the University of Buenos Aires, as well as honorary doctoral degrees from the University of Haifa and from the University of Ben-Gurion.
Her late husband Amiram was a lawyer. They have three children and eight grandchildren. | |
| 39 | Name: | Dr. Jonathan R. Cole | | | Institution: | Columbia University | | | Year Elected: | 2005 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1942 | | | | | | |
Jonathan R. Cole currently is John Mitchell Mason Professor of the University. For fourteen years, from 1989-2003, he was Provost of Columbia University, and from 1994 until 2005, he also held the title of Dean of Faculties of the University. He has spent his entire academic career at Columbia. Majoring in American history at Columbia College (graduating in 1964), he participated also as a varsity athlete in baseball for four years and as a member of Columbia's freshman basketball team while an undergraduate. He turned to sociology after graduation in large part because of the influence of Robert K. Merton. As an undergraduate he studied with some of the great minds of Columbia in the early 1960s, including Merton, Lionel Trilling, Eric Bentley, Meyer Schapiro, and Richard Hofstadter. Dr. Cole received his Ph.D., with distinction, from Columbia's Department of Sociology in 1969. He has been teaching, conducting research, and been active in academic administration since receipt of his doctorate, which was entitled, "The Social Structure of Science." He served as the Director of the Center for the Social Sciences from 1979-87, when he became Vice President for Arts and Sciences. After two years, he was named Provost of the University and in 1994 he became Provost and Dean of Faculties at Columbia, a position that he has held until today. His scholarly work has focused principally on the development of the sociology of science as a research specialty. The Columbia University Program in the Sociology of Science, with Robert K. Merton, Harriet Zuckerman, Stephen Cole and Jonathan R. Cole as principal investigators, received support from the National Science Foundation for roughly 20 years. Faculty and student members of the program produced a substantial body of both theoretical and empirical work on a variety of themes. Jonathan and Stephen Cole collaborated on studies of the system of social stratification in science and on the reward system in science. They examined the extent to which the social system of science approximated a meritocracy. This work is seen in early-published papers and in their book, Social Stratification in Science (1973). In this early work, Jonathan and Stephen Cole developed the use of citations as a measure of scientific quality and impact. They were the first social scientists to use this measure extensively as an indicator of the impact of published work. Further questions of meritocracy were explored in a project that they conducted for the National Academy of Sciences on the peer review system in science. They focused on whether there was any force to the claim that the peer review system was an "old-boys" network of self-reinforcing elites. The study, which examined the system of grant reviews at the National Science Foundation, resulted in several published works, including Peer Review in the National Science Foundation: Phase One of a Study (1978, with Stephen Cole and Leonard Rubin) and Peer Review in the National Science Foundation: Phase Two of a Study (1981, with Stephen Cole and COPUP of the NAS). Concentrating still further on theoretical issues of fairness and meritocracy, Dr. Cole began to explore the place of women in science. His early work, Fair Science: Women in the Scientific Community (1987) was one of the first major empirical works on the treatment of women in science and how their treatment could be assessed against the norm of universalism in science. Following the publication of this book, a series of studies of women in science were carried out in collaboration with Harriet Zuckerman. This NSF supported work, which produced extended interviews with hundreds of men and women scientists (including recorded interviews with scores of many of the most eminent female scientists in the United States), resulted in many published papers and the volume The Outer Circle: Women in the Scientific Community (1991, with Harriet Zuckerman and John Bruer, editors). These papers explored, for example, the relationship between marriage, family, and scientific productivity. It tried to explain the "productivity puzzle" of increasing differences in the scientific publication rates of men and women scientists. It compares the careers and scientific productivity of matched samples of men and women in various fields of science. The last of these papers, "A Theory of Limited Differences: Explaining the Productivity Puzzle in Science," (with Burton Singer) is published in The Outer Circle. Dr. Cole's interest in science has extended to work on the relationship between science and the media. He has published on the "social construction of medical facts," which deal with the presentation by journalists of highly problematic scientific findings as "facts." His focus is on the sociological relationships between scientists and the media that lead to these distortions. In recent years, Jonathan R. Cole has turned his scholarly attention to issues in higher education, particularly focusing on problems facing the great American research universities, as with his 2010 book, The Great American University: Its Rise to Preeminence, Its Indispensable National Role, Why It Must Be Protected. His edited book (with Elinor Barber and Stephen R. Graubard), The Research University in a Time of Discontent (1994), contains essays by prominent educators, including his own opening chapter, "Balancing Acts: Dilemmas of Choice Facing Research Universities." More recently, he has been focusing attention on questions of scientific and technological literacy, on intellectual property and the new digital media, and on current problems facing research universities. Jonathan R. Cole has taught courses to both undergraduate and graduate students at Columbia in the Department of Sociology. Among the courses he has offered are: The History of Sociological Theory; The Sociology of Science; The Sociology of Law; and Evidence and Inference in Social Research. He has also taught in Columbia College's core curriculum, offering sections in "Contemporary Civilization." He is currently working with members of the science faculty at Columbia on a new core curriculum course that focuses on major science concepts, while exploring features of various scientific disciplines. When it is introduced, this course will be required of all Columbia College undergraduates and will be the first science course that all College students will be required to take. Jonathan Cole was a Fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences in 1975-76. In the same year, he was awarded a John Simon Guggenheim Foundation Fellowship. He spent the 1986-87 academic year as a visiting scholar at the Russell Sage Foundation. In 1992, he was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. Multiple grants from the National Science Foundation and several major foundations have supported his scholarly work. The years since 1987 have been spent in academic administration. After two years as Vice President for Arts and Sciences, Jonathan R. Cole was Columbia's chief academic officer for the past 14 years - the second longest tenure as Provost in the University's 250-year history. During those years, he has served three University presidents and has been a chief architect in building still further the academic quality of the university. | |
| 40 | Name: | Dr. Rita R. Colwell | | | Institution: | University of Maryland & Johns Hopkins University- Bloomberg School of Public Health | | | Year Elected: | 2003 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1934 | | | | | | |
Dr. Rita Colwell is Senior Advisor and Chairman Emeritus of Canon US Life Sciences, Inc. and Distinguished University Professor both at the University of Maryland at College Park and at Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health. Her interests are focused on global infectious diseases, water, and health, and she has developed an international network to address emerging infectious diseases and water issues, including safe drinking water for both the developed and developing world. Dr. Colwell served as the 11th Director of the National Science Foundation, 1998-2004. In her capacity as NSF Director, she served as Co-chair of the Committee on Science of the National Science and Technology Council. One of her major interests includes K-12 science and mathematics education, graduate science and engineering education and the increased participation of women and minorities in science and engineering. She currently serves as co-chair of the Asian University for Women Council of Advisors. Dr. Colwell has held many advisory positions in the U.S. government, nonprofit science policy organizations, and private foundations, as well as in the international scientific research community. She is a nationally-respected scientist and educator, and has authored or co-authored 16 books and more than 700 scientific publications. She produced the award-winning film Invisible Seas and has served on editorial boards of numerous scientific journals. Before going to NSF, Dr. Colwell was President of the University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute and Professor of Microbiology and Biotechnology at the University of Maryland. She was also a member of the National Science Board from 1984-90. Dr. Colwell has previously served as Chairman of the Board of Governors of the American Academy of Microbiology and also as President of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the Washington Academy of Sciences, the American Society for Microbiology, the Sigma Xi National Science Honorary Society, and the International Union of Microbiological Societies. In 2017, she received the Vannevar Bush Award, Japan's International Prize for Biology, and the rank of Chevalier in the French Legion of Honor. Dr. Colwell is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. Dr. Colwell's many honors include the 2006 National Medal of Science and 49 honorary degrees from institutions of higher education, including her alma mater, Purdue University. She is an honorary member of the microbiological societies of the U.K., Australia, France, Israel, Bangladesh, and the U.S. and has held several honorary professorships, including the University of Queensland, Australia. Dr. Colwell was awarded the Order of the Rising Sun, Gold and Silver Star, by the Emperor of Japan for her work in fostering Japanese and U.S. cooperation in science and engineering. A geological site in Antarctica, Colwell Massif, has been named in recognition of her work in the polar regions. Born in Beverly, Massachusetts, Dr. Colwell holds a B.S. in bacteriology and an M.S. in genetics from Purdue University, and a Ph.D. in oceanography from the University of Washington. | |
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