American Philosophical Society
Member History

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International[X]
1Name:  Dr. Sydney Brenner
 Institution:  The Salk Institute
 Year Elected:  1979
 Class:  2. Biological Sciences
 Subdivision:  207. Genetics
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1927
 Death Date:  April 5, 2019
   
 
Sydney Brenner was born in South Africa and studied medicine and science at the University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. Working in the Physical Chemistry Laboratory, he received his D.Phil. degree from Oxford University in 1952. After briefly returning to South Africa, Dr. Brenner joined the Medical Research Council's Unit in the Cavendish Laboratory at Cambridge. He became the director of its successor, the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, in 1979. In 1987 he became director of the MRC's Unit of Molecular Genetics, retiring in 1992. His early research was in molecular genetics. Working with bacterophages and bacteria, he discovered messenger RNA (working with Jacob and Meselson) and, with Crick, showed that the code was composed of triplets. In the 1960s, he changed the direction of his work and began research on C. elegans, establishing it as a powerful experimental system for the analysis of complex biological processes. Believing that the techniques of cloning and sequencing would open up new ways of approaching genetics, he turned his attention to vertebrate genomics and established the pufferfish genome as a valuable tool in genome analysis. He served as the founder and president of the Molecular Sciences Institute, a private research institute in Berkeley, CA. His achievements were recognized with the Albert Lasker Medical Research Award (1971), both the Royal Medal (1974) and the Copley Medal (1991) from the Royal Society of London, and the Kyoto Prize (1990), to name just four of more than twenty such honors. In 1987 he was named a Companion of Honour. He received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2002. He was elected to membership in the American Philosophical Society in 1979. Sydney Brenner died April 5, 2019 in Singapore at the age of 92.
 
2Name:  Professor Halet Çambel
 Institution:  Istanbul University
 Year Elected:  1979
 Class:  4. Humanities
 Subdivision:  401. Archaeology
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1916
 Death Date:  January 12, 2014
   
 
An eminent scholar and expert in the archaeology of the Anatolian Peninsula, Halet Çambel was born in Germany in 1916. The daughter of an old and distinguished Ottoman family, she received her Ph.D. from Istanbul University in 1945 and went on to found the chair of prehistoric archaeology at Istanbul University, where she taught and inspired generations of students. Renowned for conducting rescue excavations of endangered heritage sites, Dr. Çambel introduced stone restoration techniques and ensured proper conservation of significant cultural heritage in Turkey. She was instrumental in protecting a village of unique Turkish houses and opened an Art and Culture House where concerts, exhibitions and other cultural activities take place. Halet Çambel's meticulous scholarship, commitment to international collaboration and enthusiasm for innovative research are praised both in Turkey and in the wider international community. Her numerous publications, television programs, documentaries, and the first open-air museum of antiquities at the Karatepe-Aslanta site are among her contributions to knowledge of and accessibility to the civilizations and historical riches of Turkey. Among Dr. Çambel's many awards is the Prince Claus Award honoring her dedicated scholarship and her role in expanding the possibilities for interaction between people and their cultural heritage. Halet Çambel died January 12, 2014, at the age of 97 at her home in Instanbul.
 
3Name:  Roland Hampe
 Year Elected:  1979
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1908
 Death Date:  1/23/81
   
4Name:  Dr. Hiroshi Inose
 Institution:  National Institute of Informatics
 Year Elected:  1979
 Class:  1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
 Subdivision:  103. Engineering
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1927
 Death Date:  October 11, 2000
   
5Name:  Dr. Niels Kaj Jerne
 Institution:  Basel Institute for Immunology
 Year Elected:  1979
 Class:  2. Biological Sciences
 Subdivision:  204. Medicine, Surgery, Pathology and Immunology
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1911
 Death Date:  10/7/94
   
6Name:  Dr. Georg Klein
 Institution:  Karolinska Institutet
 Year Elected:  1979
 Class:  2. Biological Sciences
 Subdivision:  202. Cellular and Developmental Biology
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1925
 Death Date:  December 10, 2016
   
 
George Klein was a professor and research group leader at the Karolinska Institute's Microbiology and Tumor Biology Center (Sweden). He joined the Institute as a research fellow in 1947 and achieved the rank of professor in 1957. Prior to that time, he served as instructor of histology (1945) and pathology (1946) at the University of Budapest in his native Hungary. A pioneer in the application of somatic cell genetics to cancer research, Dr. Klein began using immunological techniques to analyze the nature of malignant transformation. He edited Advances in Cancer Research for many years and wrote a number of books, including The Atheist and the Holy City (1990); Pîetà (1992) and Live Now (1997). A foreign associate of the National Academy of Sciences, Dr. Klein was also a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and the American Association of Immunologists. His many honors included the American Cancer Society Annual Award (1973), the Gardner Award (1976), the General Motors Sloan Award (1979); the Behring Prize (1977) and the Paracelsus Medal (2001). George Klein died December 10, 2016 in Sweden at the age of 91.
 
7Name:  Dr. Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie
 Institution:  Collège de France & Bibliothèque Nationale
 Year Elected:  1979
 Class:  4. Humanities
 Subdivision:  404a
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1929
 Death Date:  November 22, 2023
   
 
French historian Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie is a leading authority on the history of peasantry, specifically in the region of Languedoc in the ancien regime. Credited with founding the "nouvelle histoire" (new history) movement, he has been a pioneer in the fields of history from below and microhistory. Dr. Ladurie is well known for works such as Les Paysans de Languedoc (1966); Histoire du Climat (1967), in which he focused on the impact of climate changes on human history; and Montaillou, village occitan de 1294 a 1324 (1975). The latter work, a study of a village in the south of France in the age of the Cathar heresy, uses meticulous notes of a member of the inquisition to develop a multi-layered study of life in a small French village over the course of several years. Dr. Ladurie served as professor, historian and chair of history of modern civilization at the College de France from 1973-99. He has also served as General Administrator of the Bibliothèque Nationale and currently holds the title of Professor Emeritus at the Collège de France.
 
8Name:  Dr. Jean Stoetzel
 Year Elected:  1979
 Class:  3. Social Sciences
 Subdivision:  302. Economics
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1910
 Death Date:  2/21/87
   
9Name:  Dr. Theodor Wieland
 Institution:  Max Planck Institute for Medical Research
 Year Elected:  1979
 Class:  1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
 Subdivision:  102. Chemistry and Chemical Biochemistry
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1913
 Death Date:  11/24/95
   
10Name:  Dr. Yakov B. Zel'Dovich
 Year Elected:  1979
 Class:  1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
 Subdivision:  106. Physics
 Residency:  International
 Living? :   Deceased
 Birth Date:  1914
 Death Date:  12/2/87
   
Election Year
1979[X]