APS Member History

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1901	Name:	Leland O. Howard
	Year Elected:	1911
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1858
	Death Date:	05/01/50

1902	Name:	Henry M. Howe
	Year Elected:	1897
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	05/14/22

1903	Name:	Joshua Howell
	Year Elected:
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	6/7/1726
	Death Date:	5/22/1797

	Joshua Howell (7 June 1726–22 May 1797) was a merchant and public official and a member of the Young Junto, elected c. 1758. Born in Chester, Pennsylvania, he parlayed his father’s wealth and connections to build successful business ventures beginning with a dry goods store. Combining his financial success and Quaker sensibilities he chose to serve his community by serving on the Board of Managers of the Pennsylvania Hospital and as treasurer of the Corporation for the Relief and Employment of the Poor. Howell supported the Non-Importation Agreement of 1765, but his resistance to Great Britain never extended any further. Despite the imprisonment and deportation of fellow Friends, he sustained a fraught neutrality during the American Revolution. Eventually, Howell moved his family to an estate outside of Philadelphia. Following the war, he remained active in Quaker affairs but not in politics. His brother-in-law Francis Rawle was also a member of the Young Junto. (PI)

1904	Name:	William H. Howell
	Year Elected:	1903
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1860
	Death Date:	02/06/45

1905	Name:	Dr. F. Clark Howell
	Institution:	University of California, Berkeley
	Year Elected:	1975
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Subdivision:	203. Evolution & Ecology, Systematics, Population Genetics, Paleontology, and Physical Anthropology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1925
	Death Date:	March 10, 2007

1906	Name:	Dr. Freeman A. Hrabowski
	Institution:	University of Maryland Baltimore County
	Year Elected:	2003
	Class:	5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
	Subdivision:	503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1950

	Freeman A. Hrabowski, III, served as President of the University of Maryland, Baltimore County from May 1992 to June 2022. His research and publications focus on science and math education, with special emphasis on minority participation and performance. Born in 1950 in Birmingham, Alabama, Dr. Hrabowski graduated at 19 from Hampton Institute with highest honors in mathematics. At the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, he received his M.A. (mathematics) one year later and his Ph.D. (higher education administration/statistics) at age 24. He serves as a consultant to the National Science Foundation, the National Institutes of Health, the U.S. Department of Education, and universities and school systems nationally. He also sits on numerous corporate and civic boards (e.g., American Association of Colleges & Universities, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Marguerite Casey Foundation, McCormick & Company, Inc., University of Maryland Medical System). His recent honors include election to the American Academy of Arts & Sciences; receiving the McGraw Prize in Education; being listed among Fast Company magazine's first "Fast 50 Champions of Innovation" in business and technology; being named Marylander of the Year by the editor's of the Baltimore Sun; and receiving the Council on Chemical Research's first Diversity Award, the BETA Award (Baltimore's Extraordinary Technology Advocate), NSF's Educator Achievement Award, and the U.S. Presidential Award for Excellence in Science, Mathematics, and Engineering Mentoring. In 2011, he received the Theodore M. Hesburgh award for visionary leadership from TIAA-CREF and a large grant from the Carnegie Corporation of New York for "fulfilling [his] administrative and managerial roles with dedication and creativity." In 2012 he received the Heinz Award. He has won many more awards, including: the William D. Carey Award of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (2013), the Martin Luther King, Jr., Ideals Award of Johns Hopkins University (2014), the Ruth Kirschstein Diversity in Science Award of the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (2014), the Zemsky Medal for innovation in Higher Education of the University of Pennsylvania (2015), the Ralph Coats Roe Medal of the American Society of Mechanical Engineering (2015), and the Viktor Hamburger Oustanding Educator Prize of the Society of Developmental Biology (2017). Dr. Hrabowski is co-author of two books published by Oxford University Press: Beating the Odds (1998), focusing on parenting and high-achieving African American males in science; and Overcoming the Odds (2002), on successful African American females in science. A child leader in the Civil Rights Movement, Dr. Hrabowski was prominently featured in Spike Lee's 1997 documentary, Four Little Girls, on the racially motivated bombing in 1963 of Birmingham's Sixteenth Street Baptist Church.

1907	Name:	Ales Hrdlicka
	Year Elected:	1918
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1869
	Death Date:	09/05/43

1908	Name:	Dr. Sarah Blaffer Hrdy
	Institution:	University of California, Davis
	Year Elected:	2011
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Subdivision:	205. Microbiology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1946

	Sarah Blaffer Hrdy graduated summa cum laude from Radcliffe College and earned her PhD at Harvard in 1975. Currently she is professor emerita in the Department of Anthropology at the University of California, Davis. She has been elected to the California Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. She is the sole author of five books including The Woman That Never Evolved (1981), Mother Nature (1999), and Mothers and Others: The evolutionary origins of mutual understanding (2009) as well as co-editor of Infanticide: Comparative and Evolutionary Perspectives and Attachment and Bonding: A New Synthesis. Her current focus is on how evolutionary perspectives can help us better understand the needs of children. She and her husband, a medical doctor, have three children and currently combine growing walnuts with habitat restoration on their farm in northern California (which can be found at www.citrona.com). In 2014 she was received the NAS Award for Scientific Publishing.

1909	Name:	Joseph S. Hubbard
	Year Elected:	1852
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	08/16/1863

1910	Name:	Edwin P. Hubble
	Year Elected:	1929
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1890
	Death Date:	09/28/53

1911	Name:	Dr. David H. Hubel
	Institution:	Harvard University
	Year Elected:	1982
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Subdivision:	209. Neurobiology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1926
	Death Date:	September 22, 2013

	David Hubel received the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, along with Torsten Wiesel, for his pioneering work on the functioning of the visual system of mammals. His studies have shown how the visual cortex develops physiologically and how it records what the eye sees. This work has led to new understanding and treatment of childhood eye afflictions and to studies of cortical plasticity. Born in Ontario, Canada in 1926, Dr. Hubel received his M.D. from McGill University in 1951. He worked at Johns Hopkins Hospital from 1952-59 and at Walter Reed Hospital, where he began comparing the activity of sensory cells in waking and sleeping animals. Dr. Hubel had been a member of the Harvard Medical School faculty since 1959 and was Research Professor of Neurobiology at Harvard University at the time of his death. David Hubel died September 22, 2013, at age 87, in Lincoln, Massachusetts.

1912	Name:	Gotthelf C. Huber
	Year Elected:	1912
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	12/26/34

1913	Name:	Manley O. Hudson
	Year Elected:	1941
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1887
	Death Date:	4/12/60

1914	Name:	Dr. A. J. Hudspeth
	Institution:	Rockefeller University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
	Year Elected:	2015
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Subdivision:	208. Plant Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1945

	Born and raised in Houston, Jim Hudspeth conducted undergraduate studies at Harvard College and received PhD and MD degrees from Harvard Medical School. Following postdoctoral work at the Karolinska Hospital in Stockholm, he served on the faculties of the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, San Francisco, and the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center. After joining Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Jim moved to The Rockefeller University, where he is F. M. Kirby Professor and Head of the Laboratory of Sensory Neuroscience. Dr. Hudspeth conducts research on hair cells, the sensory receptors of the inner ear. He and his colleagues are especially interested in the active process that sensitizes the ear, sharpens its frequency selectivity, and broadens its dynamic range. They also investigate the replacement of hair cells as a potential therapy for hearing loss. Jim is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

1915	Name:	Solomon S. Huebner
	Year Elected:	1930
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1882
	Death Date:	7/17/64

1916	Name:	Dr. Charles B. Huggins
	Institution:	University of Chicago
	Year Elected:	1962
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Subdivision:	204. Medicine, Surgery, Pathology and Immunology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1901
	Death Date:	1/12/97

1917	Name:	Charles E. Hughes
	Year Elected:	1926
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1862
	Death Date:	8/27/48

1918	Name:	Dr. Thomas P. Hughes
	Institution:	University of Pennsylvania; Massachusetts Institute of Technology
	Year Elected:	2003
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1923
	Death Date:	February 3, 2014

	Thomas Hughes received his Ph.D. from the University of Virginia in 1953. He served on the faculty of Washington and Lee University, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, The Johns Hopkins University, and Southern Methodist University before joining the University of Pennsylvania faculty in 1973 where he became Andrew W. Mellon Professor Emeritus of History and Sociology of Science. He had also been Distinguished Visiting Professor of the History of Technology at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Thomas Hughes was considered the dean of American historians of technology. His versatility and style appear in Elmer Sperry, Inventor and Engineer (1971), a definitive biography that incorporates the technical detail required for the life of an engineer; Networks of Power, Electification of Western Society, 1880-1930 (1983), a comparative history of German and American electric power systems conceived as integrations of technical, managerial and financial networks; and American Genesis, A Century of Invention and Technological Enthusiasm, 1870-1970 (1989, 1990), a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize, a portrayal of the heroic century of American invention for a wide readership. Dr. Hughes' work on systems and his book on cultural history show the same breadth and mastery. He served his profession and the public as a teacher, as a member of several national committees, and as a creator of television documentaries. Dr. Hughes' other books include (with A. Hughes) Lewis Memford: Public Intellectual (1990); Rescuing Prometheus (Managing the Creation of Large Technological Systems) (1997); (with A. Hughes) Systems, Experts, and Computers (2000); and Human-Built World: How to Think about Technology and Culture (2004). He was the recipient of the Leonardo da Vinci Medal (1984), the John Desmond Bernal Prize from the Society for Social Studies of Science (1990), and a two-time recepient of the Dexter Prize of Society for the History of Technology (for Elmer Sperry and Networks of Power). He was a member of the National Academy of Engineering and held honorary degrees from the Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, and from Northwestern University. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2003. Thomas Hughes died February 3, 2014, at the age of 90, in Charlottesville, Virginia.

1919	Name:	George A. Hulett
	Year Elected:	1913
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1868
	Death Date:	9/6/55

1920	Name:	Arthur W. Hummel
	Year Elected:	1950
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1884
	Death Date:	3/10/75

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