APS Member History

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1821	Name:	William H. Hobbs
	Year Elected:	1909
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1865
	Death Date:	01/01/53

1822	Name:	Dr. Arlie Russell Hochschild
	Institution:	University of California, Berkeley
	Year Elected:	2021
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	301. Anthropology, Demography, Psychology, and Sociology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1940

	Educated at Swarthmore College (BA 1962) and UC Berkeley (MA 1965, PhD 1969), Arlie Russell Hochschild is a sociologist whose body of work is ethnographic in method, theoretical in focus, and broad-reaching in its areas of concern. Method: While virtually all of her work is based on close-up observations and interviews, her topics have varied widely. For example, dual-job families raising young children (The Second Shift), love coaches, bereavement assistants, and gestational surrogates at a clinic in Gujarat, India (The Outsourced Self), occupants of a low-incoming housing project for the elderly (The Unexpected Community) and Tea Party and Trump enthusiasts living in the showdown of the Louisiana petrochemical industry (Strangers in Their Own Land). In what will be her tenth book, she’s currently doing interviews with poor whites conservatives and liberals in Appalachian Kentucky. Purpose: How much and how, she has asked, is emotion shaped by social life? More than we have imagined, she suggests, and in a wide variety of ways. For example, our social and cultural circumstances help shape how we recognize or ignore, label, interpret and judge emotion. We are virtually always applying “feeling rules” she argues, to whatever it is we feel. In any given circumstance, we ask ourselves, does an emotion feel normal? Understandable? Fitting or right? Given such feeling rules, we then manage emotion in socially various ways in both private or public life. All of this shows how “deep the social cuts” and therefore how consequential are our cultural beliefs and social arrangements in family, economic and political life. She recently applied this approach to care workers managing the crisis of Covid-19. Other scholars, too, have used and developed the concept of emotional labor, which has, like the idea of a “second shift,” gone mainstream. The American Sociological Association now has an organized section for the study of emotions. Outreach: Throughout her career, she has striven to speak to both a professional and public audience. A number of her books have been New York Times bestsellers. To date, Strangers in Their Own Land has sold a quarter of a million copies, and a four-part documentary based on it is currently in production. Plays have been based on The Time Bind ( “Work Will Make You Free” by the Royal Danish Theatre) and a musical, “One State, Two State, Red State, Blue State” based on Strangers was performed at Suffolk University in Boston. She has written book reviews for the New York Review of Books, the New York Times, and opinion pieces for the Times, the Guardian, and other newspapers. She has also authored a children’s book, Colleen, the Question Girl. Hochschild holds eight honorary doctorates from such institutions as Harvard University (2021), the University of Lausanne (2018), the University of Oslo (2000), and Swarthmore College (1993), as well as the Ulysses Medal from the University College Dublin, (2015). She has won Guggenheim, Mellon, Ford, Sloan and Fulbright fellowships as well as five awards bestowed by the American Sociological Association. These include the Charles Cooley Award (for The Managed Heart), the Jessie Bernard Award (for The Second Shift, The Time Bind, and Global Woman), and the Award for Public Understanding of Sociology (for lifetime achievement). In awarding her the Jessie Bernard Award, the citation observed her "creative genius for framing questions and lines of insight, often condensed into memorable, paradigm-shifting words and phrases." Strangers in Their Own Land was a finalist for the National Book Award and her work appears in 17 languages.

1823	Name:	William E. Hocking
	Year Elected:	1943
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1874
	Death Date:	06/12/66

1824	Name:	Richard Hockley
	Year Elected:
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	09/13/1774

	Richard Hockley (?–13 September 1774) was a merchant, public officeholder and a member of the American Philosophical Society, elected in 1768. Though born in England, Hockely and his siblings were brought over to North America and cared for by close family friend and Proprietor of Pennsylvania, Thomas Penn, after their father’s death. By 1638, Penn had provided the necessary funds to launch the young Hockley as a Charleston merchant. His mercantile business did well enough but he was eager to return to Philadelphia and in 1640 he did. When Penn himself returned to England in 1742, Hockley acted as his agent and attended to sundry matters at Pennsbury, the Penn’s family estate. In 1748 Hockley joined William Trent and George Croghan in a trading company venture but the other partners drove the enterprise to ruin by using the company’s assets to fund private pursuits. Hockley, and his son after him, spent decades trying to hold Croghan financially accountable. Beginning in 1753, Hockley received a series of appointments that would provide him the steady source of income he longed for, including Receivers-General of Quit Rents, Keeper of the Great Seal of Pennsylvania, and auditor of accounts. He remained close with Thomas Penn throughout his life, writing him frequently with insights and observations about the political and social events. Hockley died in Philadelphia in 1774. (PI)

1825	Name:	Thomas Hockley
	Year Elected:	1885
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1839
	Death Date:	03/12/1892

1826	Name:	Hugh Hodge
	Year Elected:	1796
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1755
	Death Date:	07/1798

1827	Name:	Hugh L. Hodge
	Year Elected:	1832
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	02/26/1873

1828	Name:	James T. Hodge
	Year Elected:	1864
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	10/22/1871

1829	Name:	William B. Hodgson
	Year Elected:	1830
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	06/28/1871

1830	Name:	Dr. E. Adamson Hoebel
	Institution:	University of Minnesota
	Year Elected:	1963
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	304. Jurisprudence and Political Science
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1906
	Death Date:	7/23/93

1831	Name:	Dr. Hopi E. Hoekstra
	Institution:	Harvard University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
	Year Elected:	2018
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Subdivision:	203. Evolution & Ecology, Systematics, Population Genetics, Paleontology, and Physical Anthropology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1972

	Hopi E. Hoekstra is the Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology in the Departments of Organismic & Evolutionary Biology and the Molecular & Cellular Biology at Harvard University. She is the Curator of Mammals in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, an Institute Member at the Broad Institute and an Investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Her research focuses on understanding the evolution and genetics of morphological and behavioral traits that affect fitness of individuals in the wild. Using deer mice as a model system, she first dissected the molecular, genetic and developmental basis of camouflaging coloration to understand the mechanisms driving adaptation. Later, she focused on unraveling the genetic and neurobiological underpinnings of complex natural behaviors. She received her B.A. from UC Berkeley and her Ph.D. from the University of Washington. She has received Young Investigator awards from the American Society of Naturalists and the Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation, and most recently, the Lounsbery Medal from the National Academy of Sciences (2015). She gave the 2013 Commencement speech at UC Berkeley’s Integrative Biology Department and has been profiled in The New York Times. In 2016, she was elected into the National Academy of Sciences and in 2017, the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. She also teaches in Harvard’s introductory Life Science course Genetics, Genomics and Evolution to approximately 500 freshmen each year, and has been awarded the Fannie Cox Prize and a Harvard College Professorship for teaching excellence.

1832	Name:	Dr. Henry M. Hoenigswald
	Institution:	University of Pennsylvania
	Year Elected:	1971
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Subdivision:	406. Linguistics
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1915
	Death Date:	June 16, 2003

1833	Name:	Walter J. Hoffman
	Year Elected:	1889
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	11/08/1899

1834	Name:	Dr. Stanley Hoffmann
	Institution:	Harvard University
	Year Elected:	1981
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	304. Jurisprudence and Political Science
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1928
	Death Date:	September 13, 2015

	As the Paul and Catherine Buttenwieser University Professor at Harvard University since 1997, Stanley Hoffmann was highly regarded as a leading authority on international law and politics. His work ranged from the culture and politics of France to the sociology of war to American foreign policy. Having taught at Harvard since 1955, Dr. Hoffmann founded the Committee on Degrees in Social Studies and co-founded the Center for European Studies. He served for 17 years as C. Douglas Dillon Professor of the Civilization of France. Dr. Hoffmann had also been an essayist for the New York Review of Books and Western Europe review editor for Foreign Affairs. Born in Vienna in 1928, he was educated in France and the United States and holds a doctorate from Paris Law School. His published works include Contemporary Theory in International Relations (1960), The State of War (1965), Decline or Renewal: France Since the 30s (1974); Duties Beyond Borders (1981) (with R. Johansen and J. Sterba) The Ethics and Politics of Humanitarian Intervention (1996); Gulliver Unbound (2004) and Chaos and Violence (2006). Stanley Hoffmann died September 13, 2015, at age 86, in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

1835	Name:	Dr. Roald Hoffmann
	Institution:	Cornell University
	Year Elected:	1984
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Subdivision:	102. Chemistry and Chemical Biochemistry
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1937

	Roald Hoffmann was born in Zloczow, Poland in 1937. Having survived the Nazi occupation, he arrived in the U.S. in 1949 after several years of post-war wandering in Europe. He graduated from Stuyvesant High School and Columbia University and proceeded to take his Ph.D. in 1962 at Harvard University, working with W. N. Lipscomb and Martin Gouterman. Dr. Hoffmann stayed on at Harvard University from 1962-1965 as a Junior Fellow in the Society of Fellows. Since 1965, he has been at Cornell University, where he is now the Frank H. T. Rhodes Professor of Humane Letters and Professor of Chemistry. 'Applied theoretical chemistry' is the way Roald Hoffmann characterizes the particular blend of computations stimulated by experiment and the construction of generalized models, of frameworks for understanding, that is his contribution to chemistry. In more than 450 scientific articles and two books he has taught the chemical community new and useful ways to look at the geometry and reactivity of molecules, from organic through inorganic to infinitely extended structures. Professor Hoffmann is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences and has been elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society, the Indian National Science Academy and the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, among others. He has received numerous honors, including over twenty five honorary degrees and is the only person ever to have received the American Chemical Society's awards in three different specific subfields of chemistry: the A. C. Cope Award in Organic Chemistry, the Award in Inorganic Chemistry, and the Pimentel Award in Chemical Education. In 2009, in addition to being elected to fellowship, he received the American Chemical Society's James T. Grady-James H. Stack Award for Interpreting Chemistry for the Public as well as the Public Service Award from the National Science Board of the National Science Foundation. In 1981, he shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Kenichi Fukui.

1836	Name:	Richard Hofstadter
	Year Elected:	1957
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1916
	Death Date:	10/24/70

1837	Name:	Dr. Robert Hofstadter
	Institution:	Stanford University
	Year Elected:	1986
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Subdivision:	106. Physics
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1915
	Death Date:	11/17/90

1838	Name:	Dr. Douglas Hofstadter
	Institution:	Indiana University
	Year Elected:	2009
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	305
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1945

	Douglas Hofstadter is currently a professor of cognitive science and computer science and of comparative literature at Indiana University, having previously been the Walgreen Professor for the Study of Human Understanding at the University of Michigan. His first book, Godel, Escher, Bach (1979), spans fields from philosophy of mind to mathematical logic, molecular biology and artificial intelligence. The book won the 1980 Pulitzer Prize for Nonfiction and the American Book Award for the same year and was the inspiration for the field of cognitive science. His collected Scientific American columns appeared in Metamagical Themas (1985), and his work Ambigrammi (1987) contains original art and an essay on creativity. Fluid Concepts and Creative Analogies (1994) summarizes two decades of research and articles on human analogy-making and creativity, with simulations of pattern perception and generation in alphabets, music and numbers, such as Copycat, Metacat, Magnificat, Jumbo, Tabletop, Letter Spirit, Seqsee and PHAEACO. Le Ton beau de Marot (1997) is a wide-ranging study of creative literary translation, stressing equal roles for form and content, and I Am a Strange Loop (2007) covers the nature of the self and human consciousness and won the 2007 Los Angeles Times Book Prize.

1839	Name:	Jonathan Hoge
	Year Elected:	1786
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased

1840	Name:	John Hoge
	Year Elected:	1791
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased

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