| | 81 | Name: | W. Norman Brown | | | Year Elected: | 1946 | | | Class: | 4. Humanities | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1892 | | | Death Date: | 4/22/75 | | | | |
| 82 | Name: | Dr. Jonathan M. Brown | | | Institution: | New York University | | | Year Elected: | 1988 | | | Class: | 4. Humanities | | | Subdivision: | 404. History of the Arts, Literature, Religion and Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1939 | | | Death Date: | January 17, 2022 | | | | | | |
Jonathan Brown has been Carroll and Milton Petrie Professor of Fine Arts at the Institute of Fine Arts, New York University, since 1976, and he has also taught at Princeton University, Oxford University and Williams College. A leading expert on Spanish art, particularly painting from the time of Velasquez and other masters of the Golden Age, he is the author of the highly acclaimed Velasquez: Painter and Courtier (1986) and Images and Ideas in Seventeenth Century Spanish Paintings (1978), among other works. Combining the approaches of the art historian with those of the historian of politics and society, Dr. Brown has significantly deepened and extended the appreciation of Spanish art and culture in the United States and has opened up fresh perspectives for research and a new generation of scholars. His other areas of expertise include colonial Latin American art and the history of art collecting. In recognition of his many contributions to the field of Spanish painting, he has received the Gran Cruz de la Orden de Alfonso X el Sabio and the Premio Elio Antonio Nebrija, the latter from the University of Salamanca, for lifetime achievement in Spanish studies. The phrase "images and ideas" is not only the title of one of Dr. Brown's books, but a description of his entire approach to art history. | |
| 83 | Name: | Professor Peter R. L. Brown | | | Institution: | Princeton University | | | Year Elected: | 1995 | | | Class: | 4. Humanities | | | Subdivision: | 404a | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1935 | | | | | | |
Peter Robert Lamont Brown has transformed our understanding of Mediterranean and Near Eastern culture between Constantine and Muhammad. With imagination and wide-ranging erudition, he has represented as a time of spiritual renewal and cultural interaction what was once considered an age of decline. A speaker of an estimated 26 languages, Dr. Brown has published a wide variety of books and articles, including the early biography Augustine of Hippo (1967), Power and Persuasion in Late Antiquity: Towards a Christian Empire (1992), and Through the Eye of a Needle (2012). Born in Dublin in 1935, Dr. Brown is a fellow of All Souls College, Oxford and has taught at Oxford, the University of London and the University of California, Berkeley. He is currently the Philip and Beulah Rollins Professor of History at Princeton University, a position he has held since 1986. | |
| 84 | Name: | Dr. Janet Browne | | | Institution: | Harvard University | | | Year Elected: | 2010 | | | Class: | 4. Humanities | | | Subdivision: | 404c | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1950 | | | | | | |
Janet Browne’s interests range widely over the history of the life sciences and natural history. After a first degree in zoology she studied for a PhD in the history of science at Imperial College London, published as The Secular Ark: Studies in the History of Biogeography (1983). Ever since then she has specialized in Charles Darwin’s work, first as associate editor of the early volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin, and more recently as author of a biographical study that integrated Darwin’s science with his life and times. The biography was awarded several prizes, including the James Tait Black award for non-fiction, the WH.Heinemann Prize from the Royal Literary Society, and the Pfizer Prize from the History of Science Society. From 2006 to 2023 she was a member of the History of Science Department at Harvard University. She was previously based at the Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at University College London. She retired in 2023 and now lives in the UK. | |
| 85 | Name: | Dr. Caroline Bruzelius | | | Institution: | Duke University | | | Year Elected: | 2020 | | | Class: | 4. Humanities | | | Subdivision: | 401. Archaeology | | | Residency: | resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1949 | | | | | | |
Caroline Bruzelius, Professor Emerita at Duke University, has published many books and articles on medieval architecture in France and Italy. She has written on the abbey St.-Denis, medieval Naples, the architecture of women’s convents, and the Cathedral of Notre-Dame in Paris, among other topics. Her most recent book, Preaching, Building and Burying: Friars in the Medieval City, focused on how Franciscans and Dominicans transformed medieval cities through their social practices, which included creating piazzas for outdoor preaching and building massive convents with funding provided by lay donors.
Bruzelius has been a pioneer in exploring how technologies can transform our understanding of historic monuments and communicate narratives about art and the built environment. She founded the "Wired!" group at Duke University, a team that integrates visualization technologies with teaching, engaging undergraduate and graduate students in multi-year research initiatives http://www.dukewired.org . She founded two international and interdisciplinary collaborations, Visualizing Venice: http://www.visualizingvenice.org/visu/ a project that models time and change in the remarkable city of Venice, and The Medieval Kingdom of Sicily Image Database http://kos.aahvs.duke.edu, a virtual museum that collects images of historic sites in South Italy for researchers and travelers.
From 1994 to 1998 Bruzelius was Director of the American Academy in Rome. She is a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the Medieval Academy of America, the Society of Antiquaries (London) and has received numerous other awards in the United States and abroad. | |
| 86 | Name: | Dr. Jed Z. Buchwald | | | Institution: | California Institute of Technology | | | Year Elected: | 2011 | | | Class: | 4. Humanities | | | Subdivision: | 404c | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1949 | | | | | | |
Jed Z. Buchwald is Doris and Henry Dreyfuss Professor of History at the Californnia Institute of Technology. He is married to Diana Kormos Buchwald, who is also a professor at Caltech, where she is Director and General Editor of the Collected Papers of Albert Einstein. Awarded a five-year MacArthur Fellowship in 1995, Buchwald was trained at Princeton (BA ’71) and Harvard (Ph.D ’74.) From 1974 to 1992 he taught at the University of Toronto’s Institute for the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology and. From 1992 to 2001 he was at MIT as Dibner Professor of the History of Science, where he also directed the Dibner Institute. Buchwald has authored or co-authored five books and seven edited volumes on the history of science and related matters. His most recent two are The Zodiac of Paris, with Diane Greco Josefowicz and (recently completed) Reckoning with the Past: Isaac Newton, Ancient Chronicles and the Temper of Evidence, with Mordechai Feingold. His editorial activities include: co-editor with Jeremy Gray, Archive for History of Exact Sciences; editor, Archimedes New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology (Kluwer-Springer); managing editor, Studies and Sources in the History of Mathematics and Physical Sciences (Springer); editor, Transformations Studies in the History of Science and Technology (MIT); he serves on the advisory board of several other journals. At Caltech Buchwald teaches courses in ancient civilization, religion and in the history of physics. | |
| 87 | Name: | Carl D. Buck | | | Year Elected: | 1923 | | | Class: | 4. Humanities | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1867 | | | Death Date: | 2/9/55 | | | | |
| 88 | Name: | Curt F. Bühler | | | Year Elected: | 1967 | | | Class: | 4. Humanities | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1905 | | | Death Date: | 8/2/85 | | | | |
| 89 | Name: | Dr. Tyler Burge | | | Institution: | University of California, Los Angeles | | | Year Elected: | 2007 | | | Class: | 4. Humanities | | | Subdivision: | 406. Linguistics | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1946 | | | | | | |
Tyler Burge is one of the leading contemporary figures in philosophy of mind, philosophy of language and epistemology. His work centers on the essential embeddedness of the individual subject in the social world of which he is a member, and the logical inseparability of ascriptions to an individual of thought, meaning, and knowledge from the objective facts of this social context - even when the individual is not fully aware of those facts. This is not just the evident empirical point that individuals acquire their concepts by social learning. It is a claim about the content of those concepts, and its logical dependence on the world around them and on other speakers of their language. This "anti-individualist" approach casts a new light on the way in which the mind is part of the world. It goes against a venerable tradition extending from Descartes through Frege. As Burge observes, it has some affinities with the tradition of Hegel. His work is also related to that of Hilary Putnam and Donald Davidson. He has explored the implications of these ideas not only for mental content but for meaning, for the objectivity of norms, and for self-knowledge - which is much more puzzling when the boundaries between the self and the world are complicated in this way. These writings are widely cited and very influential. He also has done serious work in the history of philosophy, notably on Frege and Kant. Dr. Burge is presently Distinguished Professor of Philosophy at the University of California, Los Angeles. | |
| 90 | Name: | Dr. Walter Burkert | | | Institution: | University of Zurich | | | Year Elected: | 1987 | | | Class: | 4. Humanities | | | Subdivision: | 405. History and Philology, East and West, through the 17th Century | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1931 | | | Death Date: | March 11, 2015 | | | | | | |
An Emeritus Professor of Classics at the University of Zurich, Walter Burkert was a well-known historian of Greek religion. He brought methodological innovation and keen insight to the ancient texts and materials of his field, and his work has implications for all aspects of ancient Mediterranean studies, from literature to science to philosophy to religion. Dr. Burkert received training in classical philology, history and philosophy at the Universities of Erlangen and Munich, obtained his doctorate in philosophy from the University of Erlangen in 1955 and taught there over much of the next ten years. In 1965 he served as a junior fellow at the Center for Hellenic Studies in Washington, D.C. for one year before becoming a professor of classical philology at the Technical University of Berlin. He joined the faculty of the University of Zurich in 1969 and taught there for 27 years before retiring. He had published books on the balance between lore and science in the followers of Pythagoras; on ritual and archaic cult survival; on the ritual killing at the heart of religion; and on the reception in the Hellenic world of Near Eastern and Persian culture, which sets Greek religion in its wider Aegean and Near Eastern context. Among his works are Homo Necans: The Anthropology of Ancient Greek Sacrificial Ritual and Myth (English translation, 1982), which is considered an outstanding account of concepts in Greek religion; Ancient Mystery Cults (1987); and Creation of the Sacred (1996). Walter Burkert died March 11, 2015, at the age of 84 in Zurich, Switzerland. | |
| 91 | Name: | John N.D. Bush | | | Year Elected: | 1946 | | | Class: | 4. Humanities | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1896 | | | Death Date: | 3/2/83 | | | | |
| 92 | Name: | Dr. Judith Butler | | | Institution: | University of California, Berkeley | | | Year Elected: | 2007 | | | Class: | 4. Humanities | | | Subdivision: | 407. Philosophy | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1956 | | | | | | |
Grounded in Continental philosophy, Judith Butler has become one of the most influential voices in the fields of feminist theory, literary criticism, social theory, ethics, and psychoanalysis. Her best-known book, Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity, became a founding text for theoretical work in gender and sexuality through its critical readings of Simone de Beauvoir, Julia Kristeva, Sigmund Freud, Jacques Lacan, and Luce Irigaray. Perhaps the book's most significant choice was the use of J. L. Austin's concept of performativity as the basis for an understanding of the development of a gendered subjectivity not dependent on biological givens. Performativity becomes an increasingly powerful and flexible conceptual tool in Butler's subsequent, nuanced work on iterability and citation. Responding to postmodern and post-structuralist critiques of the self-evidence of identity, Dr. Butler has emerged as a public intellectual through her rigorous exploration of non-foundationalist approaches to issues of rights and representation.
Over the past decade, her work has increasingly moved outward from gender and sexuality (while not letting go of its emphasis on those issues) to encompass broader questions of human rights, social theory, and ethics. Her more recent books explore hate speech, the politics of kinship, the problematics of universalism, and the efficacy and limitations of self-knowledge in the context of inequality. Those publications include Antigone's Claim: Kinship Between Life and Death (2000); (with E. Laclau, S. Zizek) Hegemony, Contingency, Universality (2000); Precarious Life: Powers of Violence and Mourning (2004); and Giving an Account of Oneself (2005). Judith Butler was awarded the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Distinguished Achievement Award for exemplary contributions to scholarship in the humanities in 2008. She is a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (2019). She has been Maxine Elliot Professor of Rhetoric, Comparative Literature, and Gender and Sexuality Studies at the University of California, Berkeley since 1993. She holds a Ph.D. from Yale University and has also served on the faculties of Wesleyan and Johns Hopkins Universities. Judith Butler was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2007. | |
| 93 | Name: | Lyman Henry Butterfield | | | Year Elected: | 1964 | | | Class: | 4. Humanities | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1909 | | | Death Date: | 4/25/82 | | | | |
| 94 | Name: | Dr. Caroline Bynum | | | Institution: | Institute for Advanced Study, Columbia University | | | Year Elected: | 1995 | | | Class: | 4. Humanities | | | Subdivision: | 404a | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1941 | | | | | | |
An esteemed scholar, teacher and administrator, Caroline Walker Bynum was born in Atlanta in 1941 and received her Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1969. She taught at Harvard from 1969-76, at the University of Washington from 1976-88 and at Columbia University from 1988-2003. From 1990-98, she held the Morris A. and Alma Schapiro Chair in History, and in 1999 she became University Professor, the first woman to hold this title at Columbia. From 1993-94 she was also Dean of the School of General Studies and Associate Vice President for Undergraduate Education at Columbia. In 2003 she joined the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton University, where she is now Professor Emeritus of Western European Middle Ages. Dr. Bynum's areas of expertise include the history of religion, especially late medieval theology, and the relationship between women and the religious vocation in the late Middle Ages. Her articles have won prizes from the Berkshire Conference of Women Historians and the Renaissance Society of America, and her book Holy Feast and Holy Fast: The Religious Significance of Food to Medieval Women (1987) received the Governor's Award of the State of Washington and the Philip Schaff Prize of the American Society of Church History. Her book Fragmentation and Redemption (1991) received the Trilling Prize for the best book by a Columbia faculty member and the Award for Excellence in the Study of Religion: Analytical-Descriptive Category from the American Academy of Religion. Another book, The Resurrection of the Body (1995) received the Ralph Waldo Emerson Prize of Phi Beta Kappa given for the best book of the year on "the intellectual and cultural condition of man," and the Jacques Barzun Prize of the American Philosophical Society for the best work in cultural history. Her book Metamorphosis and Identity (2001) explores medieval conceptions of self, survival, and mutability. Her book, Wonderful Blood: Theology and Practice in Late Medieval Northern Germany and Beyond (2007), studies the cult of Christ's blood in its social, political and religious context and was awarded the American Academy of Religion's Award for Excellence in historical studies, the 2009 Otto Gründler Prize from the Medieval Institute, and the 2011 Haskins Medal. Her 2011 book, Christian Materiality, focuses on the Christian devotion to the wound in Christ's side. Her latest book is Dissimilar Similitudes: Devotional Objects in Late Medieval Europe (2020). Dr. Bynum has served as president of the American Historical Association and the Medieval Academy of America and has won numerous teaching awards. A MacArthur Fellow from 1986-91, she is also a Fellow of the Medieval Academy of America and a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. She was elected to the German Orden Pour le Merite fur Wissenschaften und Kunste in 2012 and was awarded the Grand Merit Cross with Star of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany in 2013. | |
| 95 | Name: | Henry J. Cadbury | | | Year Elected: | 1949 | | | Class: | 4. Humanities | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1884 | | | Death Date: | 10/7/74 | | | | |
| 96 | Name: | Dr. Claude Cahen | | | Institution: | University of Paris | | | Year Elected: | 1983 | | | Class: | 4. Humanities | | | Subdivision: | 401. Archaeology | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1909 | | | Death Date: | 11/18/91 | | | | |
| 97 | Name: | Professor Halet Çambel | | | Institution: | Istanbul University | | | Year Elected: | 1979 | | | Class: | 4. Humanities | | | Subdivision: | 401. Archaeology | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1916 | | | Death Date: | January 12, 2014 | | | | | | |
An eminent scholar and expert in the archaeology of the Anatolian Peninsula, Halet Çambel was born in Germany in 1916. The daughter of an old and distinguished Ottoman family, she received her Ph.D. from Istanbul University in 1945 and went on to found the chair of prehistoric archaeology at Istanbul University, where she taught and inspired generations of students. Renowned for conducting rescue excavations of endangered heritage sites, Dr. Çambel introduced stone restoration techniques and ensured proper conservation of significant cultural heritage in Turkey. She was instrumental in protecting a village of unique Turkish houses and opened an Art and Culture House where concerts, exhibitions and other cultural activities take place. Halet Çambel's meticulous scholarship, commitment to international collaboration and enthusiasm for innovative research are praised both in Turkey and in the wider international community. Her numerous publications, television programs, documentaries, and the first open-air museum of antiquities at the Karatepe-Aslanta site are among her contributions to knowledge of and accessibility to the civilizations and historical riches of Turkey. Among Dr. Çambel's many awards is the Prince Claus Award honoring her dedicated scholarship and her role in expanding the possibilities for interaction between people and their cultural heritage. Halet Çambel died January 12, 2014, at the age of 97 at her home in Instanbul. | |
| 98 | Name: | Professor Alan Cameron | | | Institution: | Columbia University | | | Year Elected: | 1992 | | | Class: | 4. Humanities | | | Subdivision: | 405. History and Philology, East and West, through the 17th Century | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1938 | | | Death Date: | July 31, 2017 | | | | | | |
Alan Cameron was a British classicist and Charles Anthon Professor of the Latin Language and Literature at Columbia University. He taught for nearly 30 years at Columbia, before which time he served for 13 years as lecturer and reader in Latin and professor of Latin Language and Literature at Kings' College London. Dr. Cameron's areas of expertise include Hellenistic and Roman poetry; later Roman literature; Byyzantium; and the transmission of texts. He was awarded the American Philological Association's Goodwin Award of Merit in classical scholarship in 1997 and was honored with the Lionel Trilling Book Award for an outstanding book by a Columbia faculty member for his work Greek Mythography in the Roman World (2004). The latter work traces the beginnings of different versions of myths, including those fabricated in ancient times, while exploring the ways in which ancient Romans learned the myths that pervaded their culture's art. Dr. Cameron's other important works include Porphyrius the Charioteer (1973); Blues and Greens at Rome and Byzantium (1976); and Literature and Society in the Early Byzantine World (1985). He was a member of the British Academy and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1992. Alan Cameron died July 31, 2017, at the age of 79, in New York. | |
| 99 | Name: | Edward Capps | | | Year Elected: | 1920 | | | Class: | 4. Humanities | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1867 | | | Death Date: | 8/21/50 | | | | |
| 100 | Name: | Dr. George Cardona | | | Institution: | University of Pennsylvania | | | Year Elected: | 1997 | | | Class: | 4. Humanities | | | Subdivision: | 406. Linguistics | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1936 | | | | | | |
A linguist and Indologist, George Cardona is supremely well versed both in the modern Indo-Aryan languages and what is known as "Hindu grammar": the activities which express the ancient Indian concern for the formal properties of the Sanskrit language and their ritual and philosophical significance. During his many stays in India, he has immersed himself both in the (exceedingly difficult) written texts and in the extant oral tradition. His publications include A Gujarati Reference Grammar (1965); Studies in Indian Grammarians, I (1969); Panini, A Survey of Research (1976); Linguistic Analysis and some Indian Traditions (1983); and Panini, His Work and its Traditions (1988). A member of the University of Pennyslvania faculty since 1960, Dr. Cardona currently holds the title of Professor of Linguistics Emeritus. He is a member of the American Oriental Society (president, 1989-90) and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences (1984). | |
| |