APS Member History

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221	Name:	William Bartram
	Year Elected:
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	4/9/1739
	Death Date:	7/22/1823

	William Bartram (9 April 1739–22 July 1823) was a planter, botanist, and illustrator, and a member of the American Philosophical Society via his 1768 election to the American Society. Born outside Philadelphia to founding member John Bartram, William had by nineteen published naturalist sketches in Britain. Despite efforts his father’s urging into medicine or commerce, William’s dab hand and early success at naturalist illustration, combined with a 1765 tour of Florida with his father, rendered the young man a lover of the natural world. Despite his father’s pleas to take up profitable employ, William gathered around him a few patrons and set out on a four year adventure through the southern colonies in 1773. Putting his journals into form took the better part of a decade; during the same he planted a well-visited experimental garden concerned more with uniquity than beauty. His 1791 publication was a pathbreaking work of exploration and naturalism, blurring poetic romanticism, breathless travelogue, and scientific observations, all finely illustrated. It was his magnum opus: excepting his illustrating the majority of plates for fellow APS member Benjamin Smith Barton’s Elements of Botany (1803), Bartram produced only a few short works of observation and otherwise retired to his garden for his final decades. He died a man of little wealth in 1823. Brother Moses Bartram and half-brother Isaac Bartram were both APS members. (PI)

222	Name:	Carl Barus
	Year Elected:	1903
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	9/20/35

223	Name:	Dr. Wm. Theodore de Bary
	Institution:	Columbia University
	Year Elected:	1999
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Subdivision:	405. History and Philology, East and West, through the 17th Century
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1919
	Death Date:	July 14, 2017

	Wm. Theodore de Bary began his career as a teacher at Columbia in 1949 when he undertook to develop the undergraduate general education program in Asian Studies. For this he developed basic source readings in Asian Civilizations for India, China, Japan and now Korea. These volumes dealing with the major traditions of Asia, published in 1958-60, have seen wide use in colleges and universities throughout the United States and abroad. They have now been supplemented by over 140 other texts and translations for use in general educations on Asia. As chair of the Department of East Asian Languages and Cultures from 1960-66 and as first director of the National Defense Languages and Area Center he led a major expansion of the language programs in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean. From 1969-70 he was President of the Association for Asian Studies. From 1969-71 he served as the first chair of the Executive Committee of the University Senate. From 1971-78 as Provost of the University, among other duties, Dr. de Bary assisted in the renovation and expansion of the East Asian Library and established the Heyman Center for the Humanities, which includes among other programs, offices and a reading room for the Human Rights Program. In 1974, Dr. de Bary was elected to the American Academy of Arts & Sciences and in 1999 to the American Philosophical Society. He had received honorary degrees from St. Lawrence University, Loyola University in Chicago, and Columbia. Professor de Bary's scholarly work focused on the major religious and intellectual traditions of East Asia, especially Confucianism in China, Japan and Korea. Among the more than twenty-five works authored by him, he has dealt principally with the issues of civil society and human rights in China. They include Asian Values and Human Rights (1998) and Nobility and Civility: Asian Ideals of Leadership and the Common Good (2004). In 2014 he was awarded the National Humanities Medal. Wm. Theodore de Bary died July 14, 2017, at age 97, in Tappan, New York.

224	Name:	Dr. Jacques Barzun
	Institution:	Columbia University
	Year Elected:	1984
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Subdivision:	404. History of the Arts, Literature, Religion and Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1907
	Death Date:	October 25, 2012

	Jacques Barzun was born in France in 1907. He grew up in Paris and, at twelve years old, was sent by his father to the United States to receive an American university education. In 1923 he entered Columbia College and graduated four years later at the top of his class, having been a prize-winning president of the prestigious Philolexian Society. He went on to lecture at Columbia, where he earned his Ph.D in 1932, became a full professor in 1945, and later became Dean of the Graduate School, Dean of Faculties, and Provost. In 1967 he resigned from his administrative duties to focus on teaching and writing until his retirement in 1975. Over seven decades, Barzun had written and edited more than forty books touching on an unusually broad range of subjects, including science and medicine; psychiatry from Robert Burton through William James to modern methods; art; and classical music - he was one of the all-time authorities on Hector Berlioz. After a period of poor health, he was advised that he had several years of life ahead, and this encouraged him to complete his last and largest book, From Dawn to Decadence: 500 Years of Western Cultural Life, 1500 to the Present (2000), which became an unexpected bestseller and critically acclaimed success. Dr. Barzun was widely known in America and in Europe as a trenchant critic of modern trends in education, music and the arts, and he is also a specialist in musical history. Among his many commendations, he had been featured on the cover of Time magazine (1956); he was awarded the Gold Medal for Criticism from the American Academy of Arts and Letters, to which society he was elected in 1952 and twice served as its president; and he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2003 and he was awarded the 2010 National Humanities Medal by President Obama. Jacques Barzun died October 25, 2012, at the age of 104 in San Antonio, Texas.

225	Name:	Dr. George F. Bass
	Institution:	Texas A & M University
	Year Elected:	1989
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Subdivision:	401. Archaeology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1932
	Death Date:	March 2, 2021

	George F. Bass graduated from The Johns Hopkins University with an M.A. in Near Eastern archaeology and attended the American School of Classical Studies at Athens. From 1957 to 1959 he served as a lieutenant in the U.S. Army, and then began doctoral studies in classical archaeology at the University of Pennsylvania. In 1960 he learned to dive so that he could direct the first archaeological excavation of an ancient shipwreck, a Bronze Age wreck off Turkey. While excavating Byzantine shipwrecks off Turkey, Dr. Bass developed a submersible decompression chamber, a method of mapping under water by stereo-photogrammetry, and a two-person submarine, the Asherah, which was launched in 1964. That same year, he joined the University of Pennsylvania faculty. In 1967 his team was the first to locate an ancient wreck with sonar. In 1968 and 1971, he returned to land excavations in Greece and Italy. In 1973, Dr. Bass founded the Institute of Nautical Archaeology, which in 1976 affiliated with Texas A&M University, where, until his retirement in 2000, he was the George T. and Gladys H. Abell Distinguished Professor of Nautical Archaeology. He also held the George O. Yamini Family Chair. He is currently Distinguished Professor Emeritus at Texas A & M. The Institute conducts research on four continents, but Dr. Bass concentrates on Mediterranean sites from the Bronze Age though Byzantine times. Dr. Bass has received a National Medal of Science, the Archaeological Institute of America's Gold Medal for Distinguished Archaeological Achievement, the Bandelier Award from the Institute of Nautical Archaeology which accompanied a lectureship established in his name at the Archaeological Institute of America, a Lowell Thomas Award from the Explorers Club, the J.C. Harrington Medal from the Society for Historical Archaeology, the National Geographic Society's La Gorce Medal, and one of its fifteen Centennial Awards. Dr. Bass holds honorary doctorates from Boghaziçi University in Istanbul and the University of Liverpool. He is also an honorary citizen of Bodrum, Turkey. Dr. Bass was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1989. He died on March 2, 2021.

226	Name:	Dr. Bonnie L. Bassler
	Institution:	Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Princeton University
	Year Elected:	2012
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Subdivision:	209. Neurobiology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1962

	Bonnie L. Bassler is currently both an Investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and and Endowed Squibb Professor in the Department of Molecular Biology at Princeton University. Born in Illinois she received her Ph.D. from Johns Hopkins University in 1990. She has won a number of awards, including: the Eli Lilly and Company Research Award, American Society for Microbiology, 2006; the President's Distinguished Teaching Award, Princeton University, 2008; the Richard Lounsbery Award, National Academy of Sciences, 2011; the Shaw Prize, 2015; the Max Planck Research Award, 2016; the Dickson Prize in Medicine, 2018; and the 2020 Gruber Genetics Prize. In 2019 she became a member of the Johns Hopkins Society of Scholars. She is a member of the American Society for Microbiology (president); the American Academy for Microbiology (chair, Board of Governors); the National Academy of Sciences, 2006; and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, 2007. Bonnie Bassler discovered the universal use of chemical communication among bacteria, leading to a new paradigm of bacteria as interacting organisms. Early in her career, she discovered that bacteria use multiple chemical signals to communicate. She showed that this process, called quorum sensing, allows bacteria to coordinate behavior as a population and thereby act like multicellular organisms. Bassler subsequently made the seminal and startling discovery that bacteria communicate across species, and she identified the universal inter-species communication molecule. On the human health front, Bassler demonstrated that quorum sensing controls virulence in disease-causing bacteria, and that by manipulating quorum sensing she can halt virulence in globally-important pathogens. Her research paves the way for novel antibiotics targeting quorum sensing, and her group successfully demonstrated such therapeutic strategies. Bassler is internationally recognized for her passionate commitment to science education and outreach and to increasing gender and racial diversity in science, mathematics, and engineering. She was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2012.

227	Name:	Edson S. Bastin
	Institution:	College of Pharmacy
	Year Elected:	1896
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	4/6/1897

228	Name:	Dr. Walter J. Bate
	Institution:	Harvard University
	Year Elected:	1966
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Subdivision:	402. Criticism: Arts and Letters
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1918
	Death Date:	7/26/99

229	Name:	Harry Bateman
	Year Elected:	1924
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1883
	Death Date:	1/21/46

230	Name:	Louis A. Bauer
	Year Elected:	1909
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	4/13/32

231	Name:	Daniel Baugh
	Year Elected:	1899
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	2/27/21

232	Name:	Albert C. Baugh
	Year Elected:	1946
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1891
	Death Date:	3/21/81

233	Name:	Dr. William J. Baumol
	Institution:	New York University & Princeton University
	Year Elected:	1977
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	302. Economics
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1922
	Death Date:	May 3, 2017?

	Economist William J. Baumol was born in 1922 in New York City. He received his B.S. from the College of the City of New York in 1942 and his Ph.D. from the University of London in 1949. Dr. Baumol was affiliated with Princeton University since 1949 as an assistant professor, associate professor, full professor and, senior economist and professor emeritus. He was also Harold Price Professor of Entrepreneurship and Academic Director of the Berkley Center for Entrepreneurial Studies at New York University's Stern School of Business. The author of more than 35 books and over 500 articles, Dr. Baumol was celebrated as an economic theorist, constructor of econometric models and business consultant. His honors and awards include eleven honorary degrees and membership in the British Academy, the American Academy of Arts & Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1977. The eleventh edition of his book (with A. Blinder) Economics: Principles and Policy was published in 2011. His book The Cost Disease: Why Computers Get Cheaper and Health Care Doesn't was published in 2012. Dr. Baumol died May 3, 2017, at the age of 95.

234	Name:	James A. Bayard
	Year Elected:
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	8/11/1738
	Death Date:	1/8/1770

	James Ashton Bayard (11 August 1738–8 January 1770) was physician and slaveholder, and a member of the American Philosophical Society, elected in 1768 by way of his 1766 election to Philadelphia’s Medical Society. Born at Bohemia Manor in Maryland, Bayard later studied medicine under APS member Dr. Thomas Cadwalader. After Bayard completed his apprenticeship, he accepted the position of apothecary at Pennsylvania Hospital in 1758 but resigned after a year. He opened his own medical practice and participated in Philadelphia’s growing medical community, including his work alongside APS member Dr. John Morgan to form the Philadelphia Medical Society in 1766. He died just a few years later in 1770, followed by his wife in 1775. His brother, APS member John Bubenheim Bayard, adopted his children. (PI)

235	Name:	John Bayard
	Year Elected:	1787
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1738
	Death Date:	1/7/1807

236	Name:	Thomas F. Bayard
	Year Elected:	1897
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	9/28/1898

237	Name:	Dr. Gordon Alan Baym
	Institution:	University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign & Niels Bohr Institute
	Year Elected:	2000
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Subdivision:	106. Physics
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1935

	Gordon Baym received a Ph.D. in physics from Harvard University in 1960. He was an NSF postdoctoral fellow at the Institute for Theoretical Physics in Copenhagen (1960-62), and then a lecturer and assistant research physicist at the University of California, Berkeley (1962-63). In 1963, he moved to the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign where he has served as Center for Advanced Study Professor of Physics and George and Ann Fisher Distinguished Professor of Engineering. He is currently Professor Emeritus and Research Professor at University of Illinois, as well as Adjunct Professor at the Niels Bohr Institute of the University of Copenhagen. He was an Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Research fellow (1965-67) and an Alexander von Humboldt Foundation fellow (1983-88). A theoretical physicist of unusual depth and breadth, he pioneered the application of field-theoretic methods to quantum condensed matter systems. He is a leading theorist of quantum solids and liquids, nuclei, astronomical objects, and ultracold trapped atomic systems. His papers on neutron stars described the unusual matter they contain, their structure, and formation in supernova explosions. He played a key intellectual role in building the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at Brookhaven. Active in the history of science, he chaired the American Physical Society Forum on the History of Physics (1995-97). Dr. Baym is a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences. Among his awards are three from the American Physical Society: the Hans A. Bethe Prize in 2002, the Lars Onsager Prize in 2008, and the Medal for Exceptional Achievement in Research in 2021. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2000.

238	Name:	Stanhope Bayne-Jones
	Year Elected:	1944
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1889
	Death Date:	2/20/70

239	Name:	John Baynton
	Year Elected:	1771
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1756?
	Death Date:	3/17/1788

240	Name:	Samuel Beach
	Year Elected:	1789
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased

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