APS Member History

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2061	Name:	Dr. Christopher P. Jones
	Institution:	Harvard University; Institute for Advanced Study
	Year Elected:	1996
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Subdivision:	404a
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1940

	Christopher Jones was born in Chislehurst, Kent, England, in 1940, and was educated at Rugby School and Balliol College, Oxford, where he took his B. A. in Literae Humaniores ("Greats") in 1962. He came to the USA on a Henry Fellowship in 1962 and went on to do his Ph. D. at Harvard under Herbert Bloch and Glen Bowersock. He graduated in 1965 and was appointed to the Department of Classics at the University of Toronto, where he remained until 1992. In that year he returned to Harvard with a joint appointment in the Departments of Classics and History, and was named George Martin Lane Professor in 1997. He became emeritus in 2010. His research interests include the literature and history of the Roman imperial and Late Antique periods, and Greek epigraphy. He is the author of several books, most recently Kinship Diplomacy in the Ancient World (1999) and Philostratus, Life of Apollonius (3 vols., 2005-06). His hobbies include music, the nineteenth-century novel, and travel. In 2011 he was elected to the Academie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres in Paris as a correspondant etranger, and in 2017 he was elected as associe etranger to the same.

2062	Name:	Dr. Alexander Jones
	Institution:	Institute for the Study of the Ancient World, New York University
	Year Elected:	1998
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Subdivision:	404c
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1960

	Alexander Jones is Professor of the History of the Exact Sciences in Antiquity at New York University's Institute for the Study of the Ancient World. In 2017 he became the Leon Levy Director at the Institute. He studies the history of the mathematical and physical sciences in antiquity, particularly Greco-Roman and Babylonian astronomy; Greco-Roman physical and mathematical sciences; and scientific texts on papyri. He is the author of five books, including Pappus of Alexandria, Book 7 (2 volumes, 1986), and about forty articles. His edition of the Oxyrhynchus astronomical and astrological papyri, the largest collection ever published, with translation and full technical commentary, is a landmark, entirely transforming the modern study of ancient astronomy and astrology and worthy to stand beside O. Neugebauer's "Astronomical Cuneiform Texts" (1955) and A.J. Sachs's and H. Hunger's "Astronomical Diaries and Related Texts from Babylonia" (1988). A graduate of Brown University (Ph.D., 1985), he served on the University of Toronto faculty from 1992-2008.

2063	Name:	Dr. Anita K. Jones
	Institution:	University of Virginia
	Year Elected:	2010
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Subdivision:	107
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1942

	Anita Jones, who is now University Professor Emerita at the University of Virginia, is a computer scientist who has made significant contributions to national science and engineering policy. Her technical work focuses on protection mechanisms and secure systems that make guarantees about how information is used. Her current focus is survivable information systems and interactive, distributed computer simulation for training, analysis, and entertainment. In June 1993, when she was appointed the Director of Defense Research and Engineering for the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), she assumed responsibility for the management of the DoD's Science and Technology Program, including responsibility for the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency and oversight of the DoD laboratories. Her duties also incorporated being the principal advisor to the Secretary of Defense for defense-related scientific and technical matters. As Director, she served in one of the nation's top technical positions and oversaw the largest defense research and development organization in the world. Jones focused the DoD program to ensure military and national preeminence in important strategic technologies while expanding the program's scope and the speed at which technology was developed and transitioned into use. Dr. Jones received her Ph.D. from Carnegie Mellon University in 1973, joining their faculty that same year. In 1988 she moved to the University of Virginia, serving as professor and department head. She is the author of numerous papers, as well as Foundations of Secure Computation (with R. De Millo, et al, 1978). She is a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering, and was elected to membership in the American Philosophical Society in 2010. In 2011, the National Academy of Engineering presented her with the Arthur M. Bueche Award.

2064	Name:	Dr. Kellie Jones
	Institution:	Columbia University
	Year Elected:	2023
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Subdivision:	401. Archaeology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1959

	Kellie Jones, is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (Boston) and the American Philosophical Society (Philadelphia), and holds an honorary Doctorate from The Courtauld in London. She has also received awards for her work from the Hutchins Center for African and African American Research, Harvard University, The College Arts Association, and Creative Capital \| Warhol Foundation. She was the inaugural winner of the David C. Driskell Prize in African American Art and Art History for the High Museum of Art in 2005. In 2016 she was named a MacArthur Foundation Fellow. Prof. Jones is Chair of the Department African American and African Diaspora Studies and Hans Hofmann Professor of Modern Art in the Department of Art History and Archaeology at Columbia University. Her research interests include African American and African Diaspora artists, Latinx and Latin American Artists, and issues in contemporary art and museum theory. She has spent close to two thrilling decades at Columbia University. From 1999 to 2006 she served as an Assistant Professor in the Department of the History of Art at Yale University. Prof. Jones received both her PhD and MA degrees from Yale in the History of Art. Her BA is from Amherst College. Prof. Jones’s writings have appeared in a multitude of exhibition catalogues and journals. She is the author of two books published by Duke University Press, EyeMinded: Living and Writing Contemporary Art (2011), and South of Pico: African American Artists in Los Angeles in the 1960s and 1970s (2017), which received the Walter & Lillian Lowenfels Criticism Award from the American Book Award in 2018 and was named a Best Book of the Decade in 2019 by ArtNews, Best Art Book of 2017 in The New York Times and a Best Book of 2017 in Artforum. She is at work on book projects on sculptor Augusta Savage as well as on Conceptual Art. Her book October Files: David Hammons (MIT Press, 2024) is at press. Kellie Jones has also worked as a curator for over four decades. In the first decade of her career she worked fairly exclusively within institutions including the Walker Art Center and The Studio Museum in Harlem. However, for much of her curatorial career she served as a guest curator for a variety of venues. She has organized shows for the São Paulo Bienal (1989, showing Martin Puryear; which won best individual exhibition at the Bienal that year) and Johannesburg Biennale (1997, Life’s Little Necessities: Installations by Women in the 1990s). She has numerous major national and international exhibitions to her credit. Her exhibition “Now Dig This! Art and Black Los Angeles, 1960-1980,” at the Hammer Museum, Los Angeles, was named one of the best exhibitions of 2011 and 2012 by Artforum, and best thematic show nationally by the International Association of Art Critics (AICA). She was co-curator of “Witness: Art and Civil Rights in the 1960s” (Brooklyn Museum), named one the best exhibitions of 2014 by Artforum.

2065	Name:	Francis Jordan
	Year Elected:	1884
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1843
	Death Date:	9/12/11

2066	Name:	David S. Jordan
	Year Elected:	1905
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	9/19/31

2067	Name:	Dr. William Chester Jordan
	Institution:	Princeton University
	Year Elected:	2000
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Subdivision:	404a
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1948

	William Chester Jordan received a Ph.D. at Princeton University in 1973 and has remained at Princeton throughout his career. Professor of History since 1986, he also served as director of the Davis Center for Historical Studies from 1994-99. Dr. Jordan is a master medievalist. Beginning as a historian of the state, he has consistently made the development of the central political and social institutions of the great feudal monarchies the core of his work. Thorough investigations in the French national and provincial archives have enabled him to shed new light on classic subjects as diverse as the military organization of the Crusades and the dissolution of serfdom. At the same time, however, he has never lost sight of the many thousands of medieval people who had to forge communities and ways of living outside the central institutions of the great states, and sometimes in sharp opposition to them. His work on the lives of serfs, Jews and women in the Middle Ages applies to new sources, new problems, and unstudied social groups the same expert craftmanship exhibited in his work on serfdom. His book on the famine of the fourteenth century is a still broader account of the social and human consequences of catastrophe. Jordan's wide historical sympathies, remarkable linguistic gifts, and eloquence in speech and writing have won him an international reputation, and his rigorous undergraduate and graduate teaching has led brilliant younger scholars to devote themselves to careers in the field. A list of his publications include Louis IX and the Challenge of the Crusade: A Study in Rulership (1979); From Servitude to Freedom: Manumission in the Sénonais in the Thirteenth Century (1986); The French Monarchy and the Jews from Philip Augustus to the Last Capetians (1989); Women and Credit in Pre-Industrial and Developing Societies (1993); The Great Famine: Northern France in the Early Fourteenth Century (1996); Ideology and Royal Power in Medieval France: Kingship, Crusades and the Jews (2001); Europe in the High Middle Ages (2001); Unceasing Strife, Unending Fear: Jacques de Thérines and the Freedom of the Church in the Age of the Last Capetians, (2005). He won the American Philosophical Society's Henry Allen Moe Prize in the Humanities in 2012 for his lecture on "Count Robert's 'Pet' Wolf." In 2018 he was elected a Corresponding Fellow of the British Academy. William Chester Jordan was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2000.

2068	Name:	Dr. Thomas H. Jordan
	Institution:	Southern California Earthquake Center; University of Southern California
	Year Elected:	2002
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Subdivision:	105. Physical Earth Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1948

	Thomas H. Jordan received his Ph.D. in geophysics and applied mathematics from the California Institute of Technology in 1972. He has taught at Princeton University, the Scripps Institution of Oceanography and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He served as head of MIT's Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences from 1988-98. In 2000 he moved to the University of Southern California where he currently serves as University Professor of Earth Sciences. In 2002 he also became the Director of the Southern California Earthquake Center. Dr. Jordan is a geophysicist interested in the composition, dynamics, and evolution of the solid earth. His research concerns seismology, plate tectonics, the formation of continents, mantle structure, earthquakes and fault systems. He developed seismological techniques to make major discoveries about the three-dimensional structure of the earth's deep interior. He found that continental cratons have an underlying deep structure that translates with the continents during plate motions, and he discovered that lithospheric slabs penetrate deep into the lower mantle, demonstrating that the mantle convection system responsible for plate tectonics extends throughout the mantle. He has done seminal work on plate motions and plate-boundary deformations, slow earthquakes, and seafloor morphology. Dr. Jordan's contributions have been recognized with the James B. Macelwane Award from the American Geophysical Union in 1983, the George P. Woollard Award from the Geological Society of America in 1998, and the National Associate Award of the National Academy of Sciences in 2001. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2002.

2069	Name:	Dr. Dale W. Jorgenson
	Institution:	Harvard University
	Year Elected:	1998
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	302. Economics
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1933
	Death Date:	June 10, 2022

	Dale W. Jorgenson is the Samuel W. Morris University Professor at Harvard University. He received a BA in economics from Reed College in Portland, Oregon, in 1955 and a Ph.D. in economics from Harvard in 1959. After teaching at the University of California, Berkeley, he joined the Harvard faculty in 1969 and was appointed the Frederic Eaton Abbe Professor of Economics in 1980. He served as Chairman of the Department of Economics from 1994-97. Dr. Jorgenson has been honored with membership in the American Philosophical Society (1998), the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (1989), the U.S. National Academy of Sciences (1978) and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences (1969). He was elected to Fellowship in the American Association for the Advancement of Science (1982), the American Statistical Association (1965), and the Econometric Society (1964). Dr. Jorgenson served as President of the American Economic Association in 2000 and was named a Distinguished Fellow of the Association in 2001. He was a Founding Member of the Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy of the National Research Council in 1991 and has served as Chairman of the Board since 1998. He also served as Chairman of Section 54, Economic Sciences, of the National Academy of Sciences from 2000-03 and was President of the Econometric Society in 1987. Dr. Jorgenson received the prestigious John Bates Clark Medal of the American Economic Association in 1971. This Medal is awarded every two years to an economist under forty for excellence in economic research. The citation for this award reads in part: "Dale Jorgenson has left his mark with great distinction on pure economic theory (with, for example, his work on the growth of a dual economy); and equally on statistical method (with, for example, his development of estimation methods for rational distributed lags). But he is preeminently a master of the territory between economics and statistics, where both have to be applied to the study of concrete problems. His prolonged exploration of the determinants of investment spending, whatever its ultimate lessons, will certainly long stand as one of the finest examples in the marriage of theory and practice in economics." Dr. Jorgenson has conducted groundbreaking research on information technology and economic growth, energy and the environment, tax policy and investment behavior and applied econometrics. He is the author of 241 articles in economics and the author and editor of thirty-one books. His collected papers have been published in ten volumes by The MIT Press, beginning in 1995. His most recent book, Information Technology and the American Growth Resurgence, co-authored with Mun Ho and Kevin Stiroh in 2005, represents a major effort to quantify the impact of information technology on the U.S. economy. Another volume, Lifting the Burden: Tax Reform, the Cost of Capital, and U.S. Economic Growth, co-authored with Kun-Young Yun in 2001, proposes a new approach to capital income taxation, dubbed "A Smarter Type of Tax" by The Financial Times. Sixty-five economists have collaborated with Dr. Jorgenson on published research. An important feature of his research program has been collaboration with students in economics at Berkeley and Harvard. Many of his former students are professors at leading academic institutions in the United States and abroad, and several occupy endowed chairs. Dr. Jorgenson was born in Bozeman, Montana in 1933 and attended public schools in Helena, Montana. He is married to Linda Mabus Jorgenson, who is an attorney in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Professor and Mrs. Jorgenson reside in Cambridge.

2070	Name:	Dr. Brian Joseph
	Institution:	Ohio State University
	Year Elected:	2019
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Subdivision:	406. Linguistics
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1951

	Brian Daniel Joseph is currently Distinguished University Professor, Kenneth E. Naylor Professor of Slavic Languages and Linguistics, Professor of Linguistics, at the Ohio State University. He earned his Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1978 before beginning his career at Ohio State. Brian Joseph’s illuminating introductory paper from our Spring 2017 meeting (now published in Proceedings 162, 1) synthesized the issues in reconciling the linguistic and DNA-derived evidence of the peopling of Europe with languages of the Indo-European family. His own prodigious research and publication as an Indo-Europeanist and Balkanologist has centered on the prehistory and history of Greek over its 3500 years and its complex, now millennium-old relations to languages of the other families of the region, principally Albanian, South Slavic, and Turkish. Bringing to this work a profound mastery of contemporary morphological and syntactic theory, his scholarship has decisively rejuvenated linguists’ sense of the unique internal coherence of language as a grammatical structure, yet one ever adapting to the sometimes complex, multilingual social conditions that sustain it. He is the defining master in his generation of theoretically informed historical linguistics. Author or co-author of over 250 substantial journal articles and book chapters, of seven published books and 19 edited volumes or special journal issues, Joseph has also served the entire field of linguistics as editor of its flagship journal, Language. He is the author of: The Synchrony and Diachrony of the Balkan Infinitive: A Study in Areal, General, and Historical Linguistics, 1983 (reprint 2009); Morphology and Universals in Syntactic Change: Evidence from Medieval and Modern Greek, 1990; (with H. Hock) Language Change, Language History, and Language Relationship: An Introduction to Historical Linguistics, 1996; The Modern Greek Weak Subject Pronoun τος, 2015; (with P. Pappas) Modern Greek – A Grammatical Sketch, 2016; (with V. Friedman) The Balkan Languages, 2018. He has edited: (with P. Postal) Studies in Relational Grammar 3, 1990; (with R. Janda) Handbook of Historical Linguistics, 2003; (with A. Ralli, M. Janse) Studies in Modern Greek Dialects and Linguistic Theory, 2011. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences (2004), American Association for the Advancement of Science (2007), Linguistic Society of America (2010) (vice-president/president-elect, 2018). Brian Joseph was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2019.

2071	Name:	Elliot P. Joslin
	Year Elected:	1925
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1870
	Death Date:	1/28/62

2072	Name:	Dr. Bela Julesz
	Institution:	Rutgers University
	Year Elected:	1995
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Subdivision:	209. Neurobiology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1928
	Death Date:	December 31, 2003

2073	Name:	George M. Justice
	Year Elected:	1839
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	4/14/1862

2074	Name:	Mark Kac
	Year Elected:	1969
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1914
	Death Date:	10/26/84

2075	Name:	Dr. Leo P. Kadanoff
	Institution:	University of Chicago
	Year Elected:	1997
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Subdivision:	106. Physics
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1937
	Death Date:	October 26, 2015

	Leo Kadanoff received a Ph.D. at Harvard University in 1960. He was a resident Fellow at the Bohr Institute of Theoretical Studies in Copenhagen from 1960-62. He was a professor of physics at the University of Illinois for seven years, then moved to Brown University as University Professor of Physics and professor of engineering. In 1978 he joined the faculty of the University of Chicago where he served as director of the University of Chicago Materials Research Laboratory for six years. He was the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Professor of Physics and Mathematics. Leo Kadanoff was the major figure in developing the scaling theory of thermodynamic phase transitions, following from M. E. Fisher's analysis of experimental data and foreshadowing K. G. Wilson's explicit mathematical expression of the scaling idea. Dr. Kadanoff in his early work was also one of the originators of the application of quantum field theory to many-body theory, and he had been the national leader in the study of complex non-linear systems, specializing in turbulence and in simulation studies of complex dynamic systems. He was among the world's most widely respected condensed matter physicists. He is the author of Electricity Magnetism and Heat, 1967, and co-author of Quantum Statistical Mechanics, 1963. Among his many honors, he has received the Buckley Prize and Onsager Prize from the American Physical Society, the Boltzmann Medal from the International Union of Pure & Applied Physics, the Wolf Foundation Award, the Grande Madaille d'Or from the Académie des Sciences de l'Institut de France, and in 2000 he received the National Medal of Science. He was a member of the National Academy of Sciences and American Academy of Arts & Sciences, and was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1997. Leo Kadanoff died October 26, 2015, at age 78, in Chicago, Illinois.

2076	Name:	Dr. William G. Kaelin
	Institution:	Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
	Year Elected:	2024
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Subdivision:	204. Medicine, Surgery, Pathology and Immunology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1957

	William Kaelin is the Sidney Farber Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School and Dana- Farber Cancer Institute, Senior Physician-Scientist at Brigham and Women's Hospital and Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator. He obtained his undergraduate and M.D. degrees from Duke University and completed his training in Internal Medicine at the Johns Hopkins Hospital, where he served as chief medical resident. He was a clinical fellow in Medical Oncology at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and later a postdoctoral fellow in David Livingston’s laboratory, during which time he was a McDonnell Scholar. A Nobel Laureate, Dr. Kaelin received the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the National Academy of Medicine, the American Society of Clinical Investigation, and the American College of Physicians. He previously served on the National Cancer Institute Board of Scientific Advisors, the AACR Board of Trustees, and the Institute of Medicine National Cancer Policy Board. He is a recipient of the Paul Marks Prize for cancer research from the Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center; the Richard and Hinda Rosenthal Prize from the AACR; the Doris Duke Distinguished Clinical Scientist award; the 2010 Canada International Gairdner Award; ASCI’s Stanley J. Korsmeyer Award; the Scientific Grand Prix of the Foundation Lefoulon-Delalande; the Wiley Prize in Biomedical Sciences; the Steven C. Beering Award; the AACR Princess Takamatsu Award; the ASCO Science of Oncology Award; the Helis Award; the Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Prize; the Massry Prize; the Harriet P. Dustan Award for Science as Related to Medicine from the American College of Physicians. Dr. Kaelin’s research seeks to understand how, mechanistically, mutations affecting tumor- suppressor genes cause cancer. His laboratory is currently focused on studies of the VHL, RB-1, and p53 tumor suppressor genes. His long-term goal is to lay the foundation for new anticancer therapies based on the biochemical functions of such proteins. His work on the VHL protein helped to motivate the eventual successful clinical testing of VEGF inhibitors for the treatment of kidney cancer. Moreover, this line of investigation led to new insights into how cells sense and respond to changes in oxygen, and thus has implications for diseases beyond cancer, such as anemia, myocardial infarction, and stroke. His group also showed that leukemic transformation by mutant IDH was reversible, setting the stage for the development and approval of mutant IDH inhibitors, and discovered how thalidomide-like drugs kill myeloma cells by degrading two otherwise undruggable transcription factors.

2077	Name:	Dr. Richard L. Kagan
	Institution:	Johns Hopkins University
	Year Elected:	2011
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Subdivision:	404a
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1943

	Richard L. Kagan is Arthur O. Lovejoy Professor of History at the Johns Hopkins University where he has been a member of the faculty since 1972. A graduate of Columbia University (BA, 1965) and Cambridge University (Ph.D., 1968), Professor Kagan has also taught at Indiana University, the Autonomous University of Madrid, the University of Barcelona, the Universidad Complutense de Madrid, and Ecole de Hautes Etudes et Sciences Sociales in Paris. His grants include awards from the American Philosophical Society, the United States Department of Health, Education and Welfare, the Guggenheim Foundation, the Fulbright Association, the National Endowment of the Humanities, the Getty Grant Committee, etc. He has been a visiting fellow at the Shelby Cullom Davis Center for Historical Studies (Princeton University), Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ, and the Center for Advanced Study in the Visual Arts, Washington, DC. Specializing in the history of early modern Europe, especially that of Spain and its overseas empire, his major publications include Students and Society in Early Modern Spain (Johns Hopkins, 1974); Lawsuits and Litigants in Castile, 1500-1700 (North Carolina, 1981); Lucrecia's Dreams: Politics and Prophecy in Sixteenth-Century Spain (California, 1990); and Urban Images of the Hispanic World, 1493-1793 (Yale, 2000). He is also the editor of Spanish Cities of the Golden Age: The Views of Anton van den Wyngaerde (California, 1989); (with Geoffrey Parker) Spain, Europe and the Atlantic World (Cambridge, 1995); Spain and America: The Origins of Hispanism in the United States (Illinois, 2002); (with Abby Dyer) Inquisitorial Inquiries: The Brief Lives of Secret Jews and other Heretics (2004); (with Philip Morgan) Atlantic Diasporas: Jews, Conversos, and Crypto-Jews in the Age of Mercantilism (2008); and Clio and the Crown: The Politics of History in Medieval and Early Modern Spain (2009). Other publications include articles in the American Historical Review, Art Bulletin, Journal of Interdisciplinary History, Past and Present, Rivista Historica Italiana, Società e Storia, Studies in the History of Art, Studia Historica, etc. He has also contributed essays to several exhibition catalogues, notably El Greco of Toledo (National Gallery of Art, 1982) Circa 1492 (National Gallery of Art, 1992), Spain in the Age of Exploration, 1492-1819 (Seattle Art Museum, 2004), and Nueva York, an exhibition sponsored by the New York Historical Society and the Museo del Barrio (2010). Professor Kagan's current research focuses on artistic and cultural relations between the United States and the wider Hispanic world. His recent publications in this area include "The Spanish Craze in the United States: Cultural Entitlement and the Appropriation of Spain's Cultural Patrimony, ca. 1890 - ca. 1930," Revista Complutense de Historia de American 36 (2010), 37-58, and "Blame it on Washington Irving: New York's Discovery of the Art and Architecture of Spain," Nueva York: 1613-1945, ed. Edward Sullivan, (New York, New York Historical Society, and Scala, 2010), 155-171.

2078	Name:	The Honorable Elena Kagan
	Institution:	United States Supreme Court
	Year Elected:	2011
	Class:	5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
	Subdivision:	502. Physicians, Theologians, Lawyers, Jurists, Architects, and Members of Other Professions
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1960

	Elena Kagan, Associate Justice, was born in New York, New York, on April 28, 1960. She received an A.B., summa cum laude, in 1981 from Princeton University. She attended Worcester College, Oxford University, as Princeton’s Daniel M. Sachs Graduating Fellow, and received an M. Phil. in 1983. In 1986, she earned a J.D. from Harvard Law School, graduating magna cum laude, where she was supervising editor of the Harvard Law Review. She served as a law clerk to Judge Abner Mikva of the U.S Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1986-1987. She served as a law clerk to Justice Thurgood Marshall of the Supreme Court of the United States during the 1987 Term. She worked as an associate in the Washington, D.C. law firm of Williams & Connolly, LLP, from 1989-1991. She became an assistant professor at the University of Chicago Law School in 1991 and a tenured professor of law in 1995. From 1995-1999, she was associate counsel to President Clinton and then served as deputy assistant to the President for Domestic Policy and Deputy Director of the Domestic Policy Council. She joined Harvard Law School as a visiting professor in 1999 and became professor of law in 2001. She was the Charles Hamilton Houston Professor of Law and was appointed the 11th dean of Harvard Law School in 2003. President Obama nominated her to serve as the 45th Solicitor General of the United States and she was confirmed on March 19, 2009. President Obama nominated her as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court on May 10, 2010, and she assumed this role on August 7, 2010.

2079	Name:	Dr. Daniel Kahneman
	Institution:	School of Public & International Affairs, Princeton University
	Year Elected:	2004
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	305
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1934
	Death Date:	March 27, 2024

	Daniel Kahneman's initial research on perception and attention shifted to decision making, his Nobel prize work, with A. Tversky. It has continued with others since Tversky's death. Ingenious experiments and novel concepts have focused on how the decision outcome is sharply affected by their framing and by the roles of heuristics, such as availability, and biases. They have cast severe doubt on the standard rationality assumption of economics. Prospect theory, a continuing well-spring for research, captured some of the discoveries theoretically. Important applications are to economic theory, finance, law, and medicine. Born in Israel in 1934, Dr. Kahneman holds a Ph.D. from the University of California (1961). He has taught at the Hebrew University (1961-78), the University of British Columbia (1978-86), the University of California, Berkeley (1986-94) and Princeton University, where he has been Eugene Higgins Professor of Psychology and Professor of Public Affairs at the Woodrow Wilson School since 1993. In 2007 he received the American Psychological Association's Award for Outstanding Lifetime Contributions to Psychology and in 2011 he was awarded the American Academy of Arts & Sciences' Talcott Parsons Prize. His most recent book is Thinking, Fast and Slow (2011). He was awarded the 2013 Medal of Freedom by President Barack Obama.

2080	Name:	Dr. Karl Kaiser
	Institution:	Harvard University; University of Bonn
	Year Elected:	2007
	Class:	5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
	Subdivision:	503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1934

	Karl Kaiser is Director of the Program on Transatlantic Relations at the Weatherhead Center for International Affairs and Adjunct Professor of Public Policy at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University as well as a Senior Scholar of the German Council on Foreign Relations in Berlin. He was born in Germany in 1934 and studied economics and political science at Cologne University (Degree of Diplom-Kaufmann, 1954-58). He conducted graduate studies at the University of Grenoble (D.E.S. de Science Politique, 1958-59) and Oxford University (Nuffield College, 1961-63), simultaneously receiving a Ph.D. from Cologne University (Dr.rer.pol.). He subsequently worked at Harvard University, first for Henry Kissinger, then as Research Associate at the Center for International Affairs, Head Tutor in Social Studies and Lecturer in Government (1963-68). He has also served at Harvard several times as a visiting professor. Later, he held professorships at Johns Hopkins University in Bologna (Italy), the Hebrew University and the Universities of Saarbrucken, Cologne, Florence and Bonn. From 1973-2003 he was Otto-Wolff-Director of the German Council on Foreign Relations, Bonn/Berlin. Dr. Kaiser has also served as a member of the Federal Commission for the Reform of the Federal Armed Services, the Council of Environmental Advisors of Germany and on several commissions of enquiry of the German Parliament, testimonials in the German and Dutch Parliaments, the U.S. Senate Armed Services Committee and the House Subcommittee on European Affairs of the U.S. Congress. He has also been an occasional political advisor to German Chancellors Willy Brandt and Helmut Schmidt and to Foreign Minister Hans-Dietrich Genscher. Karl Kaiser is the author and/or editor of several hundred articles and fifty books in the fields of world affairs, German, French, British and U.S. foreign policy, East-West relations, nuclear proliferation, strategic theory, international economics and international environmental policy. His latest edited volume is entitled Asia and Europe: The Necessity for Cooperation (2004). Among his latest articles is "Indispensable NATO" in: Internationale Politik, Global Edition (summer 2008). Dr. Kaiser has been named an Honorary Doctor of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Commander of the British Empire (UK) and Officier de la Légion d'Honneur(F), Order of Merit 1st Class (D), Order of Merit 1st Class (Pl). His many awards include the Prix Bentinck and the Atlantic Award of NATO.

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