APS Member History

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1961	Name:	Washington Irving
	Year Elected:	1829
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	11/28/1859

1962	Name:	Mr. Walter Isaacson
	Institution:	The Aspen Institute
	Year Elected:	2005
	Class:	5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs
	Subdivision:	503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1952

	Walter Isaacson is the President and CEO of the Aspen Institute. He has been the Chairman and CEO of CNN and the editor of Time Magazine. He is the author of Einstein: His Life and Universe (2007), Benjamin Franklin: An American Life (2003), Kissinger: A Biography (1992), Steve Jobs (2011), and Leonardo da Vinci (2017) and is the coauthor of The Wise Men: Six Friends and the World They Made (1986). Isaacson was born on May 20, 1952, in New Orleans. He is a graduate of Harvard College and of Pembroke College of Oxford University, where he was a Rhodes Scholar. He began his career at the Sunday Times of London and then the New Orleans Times-Picayune/States-Item. He joined Time Magazine in 1978 and served as a political correspondent, national editor and editor of new media before becoming the magazine's 14th managing editor in in 1996. He became Chairman and CEO of CNN in 2001, and then president and CEO of the Aspen Institute in 2003. After Hurricane Katrina in 2005, he was appointed by Governor Kathleen Blanco to be the vice-chairman of the Louisiana Recovery Authority. In December 2007, he was appointed by President George W. Bush to be the chairman of the U.S.-Palestinian Partnership, a government and private sector effort to provide economic and educational opportunities for the Palestinian people. He is the Chairman of the Board of Teach for America, and he is on the boards of United Airlines, Tulane University, and Science Service. He is also on the advisory councils of the National Institutes of Health, the National Constitution Center, and the Shakespeare Theatre in Washington, D.C. He lives with his wife and daughter in Washington, DC. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences and was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2005.

1963	Name:	Columbus O'D. Iselin
	Year Elected:	1950
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1905
	Death Date:	1/5/1971

1964	Name:	Herbert E. Ives
	Year Elected:	1917
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1890
	Death Date:	11/13/53

1965	Name:	Frederick E. Ives
	Year Elected:	1922
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	5/27/37

1966	Name:	Ralph Izard
	Year Elected:
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1/23/1742
	Death Date:	5/30/1804

	Ralph Izard (23 January 1741–30 May 1804) was a planter, diplomat, slaveholder, and politician, and a member of the American Philosophical Society via his 1768 election to the American Society. Born into the wealthy planter class of South Carolina, Izard boarded in England and then matriculated at Trinity Hall in Cambridge University, returning in 1764. His tastes were of the European aristocracy, his politics of the thrifty republican, and he nurtured both through multi-year tours in the early 1770s. His presence in London in 1774 and 1775 and his attempts to lobby Whigs into pulling Parliament’s reins yielded little, but after his move to Paris in 1776 he took a role in the United Colonies’ diplomatic efforts as the American correspondent to Tuscany (which would not receive colonial agents leaving Izard to appeal from Paris). When the French commissioners arrived, Izard and Franklin were at odds from the start; their mutual disdain grew so much so that Congress did not reappoint Izard and effectively censured the whole of the diplomatic corps for their backbiting. Izard found his South Carolina plantation in shambles on his return and determined to withdraw from political life to rehabilitate it. His retirement was short-lived, however: Izard hardly sat a month in the South Carolina House before they elected him to the Continental Congress (1782–83); after the peace voters returned him to the General Assembly and Privy Council until 1790. Elected to the new Federal government as a Senator (1789–95), he elaborated the Federalist positions he developed in the Ratification debates. Izard was a tireless defender of slavery and seemed entirely unconcerned with the manifest contradictions between human bondage and the new order for the ages, even as he pursued interests in more scientific agriculture. He died in Charleston in 1804. His son George Izard was an active APS member. (PI, ANB)

1967	Name:	George Izard
	Year Elected:	1807
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	11/22/1828

1968	Name:	Dr. Nina G. Jablonski
	Institution:	Pennsylvania State University
	Year Elected:	2009
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Subdivision:	203. Evolution & Ecology, Systematics, Population Genetics, Paleontology, and Physical Anthropology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1953

	Nina G. Jablonski: Short Biographical Sketch I was born and raised in upstate New York, and owe my interest in natural history to my upbringing on a farm. I was inspired to pursue a career in the study of human evolution by documentary accounts of the famed paleontologist, Louis Leakey, who recovered important fossils of ancient humans at Olduvai Gorge in East Africa. I completed an A. B. at Bryn Mawr College with a major in biology in 1975, and then went on to complete a Ph.D. in anthropology at the University of Washington in 1981. I have always had an insatiable interest in reconstructing the lifestyles and appearance of extinct animals, including our ancestors. My research has focused on primate and human evolution, and in particular, on the role that changing environments have played in shaping the adaptations of primates and humans through time. I studied the anatomy and evolution of a lineage of Old World monkeys for my dissertation, and have maintained and expanded that research to consider the evolution of the whole group in relation to changes in the physical and biotic environment through time. I have been fortunate to be able to participate in paleontological field work in eastern Africa and many parts of southern and eastern Asia. I have a current paleontological field project in Yunnan Province in southwestern China that involves the exploration of a late Miocene primate-bearing site. In contrast to many of my colleagues, I enjoy the study of important aspects of primate and human evolution that are not recorded in the fossil record, including the evolution of skin. This research is challenging because it requires drawing upon diverse bodies of evidence, from anatomy and physiology to epidemiology and climatology in order to try to determine why and how evolution took the course that it did. I became interested in the specific problem of the evolution of human skin color quite by accident when, in 1991, I was asked by a colleague to give a lecture on skin. Realizing that little was known about why skin color variation existed in humans and that new data existed to shed light on the mystery, I embarked on what I thought would be a short excursion into this area of research. Nearly 20 years and many serendipitous discoveries later, the biological and social meaning of skin color has grown to be one of the main foci of research, because of its many ramifications for human health and the quality of human interactions. My research on the evolution of human skin and skin color has been done mostly in collaboration with my husband, George Chaplin. Together we have demonstrated that skin color is the product of natural selection acting to regulate levels of melanin pigment in the skin relative to levels of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) in the environment. Melanin is a natural sunscreen that prevents the breakdown of certain essential biomolecules (in particular, the B vitamin folate, and DNA), while permitting enough UVR to enter the skin to promote the production of essential vitamin D. This research led to my being awarded in 2005 one of the first Alphonse Fletcher, Sr. Fellowships ("Guggenheims for race"), in addition to the 2012 Guggenheim Fellowship. I am committed to bringing science to the public. In 2006, I published the book, Skin: A Natural History (University of California Press), that examined the evolutionary history and cultural importance of skin. I am now working on another book, on the biological and social meaning of skin color. In addition to books and popular articles, I enjoy giving lectures and interviews on human evolution. Many of these are now available in various formats on the internet. I have also collaborated on many scientific documentaries on human and primate evolution for American, European, and Asian television networks. In 2023, Nina Jablonski becaame an Atherton Professor and Evan Pugh University Professor of Anthropology Emerita at Pennsylvania State University.

1969	Name:	Dr. Barbara V. Jacak
	Institution:	Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley
	Year Elected:	2021
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Subdivision:	106. Physics
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1957

	Barbara V. Jacak is a Professor of Physics at University of California, Berkeley. She is an internationally recognized leader in the physics community whose research lies on the boundary between nuclear and particle physics. Jacak earned her Phd in chemical physics from Michigan State University in 1984. Jacak's research career includes 12 years at Los Alamos National Laboratory's Physics Division, where she was a J. Robert Oppenheimer Fellow from 1984 to 1987 and a scientific staff member from 1987 to 1996. She then spent 18 years as a Professor of Physics at Stony Brook University in Long Island, New York, becoming Distinguished Professor of Physics in 2008. From 2007 to 2012, she served as spokesperson for the PHENIX Collaboration at the Brookhaven Relativistic Ion Collider, where she played a crucial role in discovering quark-gluon plasma, a new state of matter in which quarks are no longer confined and display a strongly interacting liquid-like behavior. In addition to being named a Professor of Physics at Berkeley in 2015, she was also appointed director of nuclear science at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. A leader of the CERN NA44 heavy-ion experiment, she discovered the momentum dependence of Bose-Einstein correlations of the collision products, allowing her to infer experimentally the collective expansion velocity of the collision volume. Jacak is also a superb science administrator. She was a member of the American Physical Society's Division of Nuclear Physics Executive Committee from 1995 to 1997. From 2014 to 2018, she was a member of the National Academy of Science's Board on Physics and Astronomy, chairing it in 2016 and 2017. She received both the Tom W. Bonner Prize in Nuclear Physics and the Department of Energy Distinguished Scientist Fellow Award in 2019. She is a Fellow of the American Physical Society, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. She was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2021.

1970	Name:	James Jackson
	Year Elected:
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	8/?/1867

1971	Name:	David Jackson
	Year Elected:	1792
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased

1972	Name:	Paul Jackson
	Year Elected:	1818
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1729
	Death Date:	9/22/1767

	Paul Jackson (1729–22 September 1767) was an educator, soldier, and physician and a member of the Young Junto, elected c. 1758. Born in Chester County, Pennsylvania, he received an M.A. degree at the Academy of Philadelphia and, on the recommendation of APS member Francis Alison, as a professor of languages at its Latin School thereafter. In 1758 he served as a captain in General Forbes’s expedition to capture the French-held Fort Duquesne. During this time, he also studied medicine with the military surgeons and eventually received a medical certificate from the Royal Army Hospital. Thereafter, he started his own medical practice and settled in Chester County. His brother-in-law Joseph Mather was also a member of the Young Junto. (PI)

1973	Name:	Samuel Jackson
	Year Elected:	1823
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	4/4/1872

1974	Name:	Issac R. Jackson
	Year Elected:	1841
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1805
	Death Date:	7/27/1843

1975	Name:	R.M.S. Jackson
	Year Elected:	1863
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1814
	Death Date:	1/18/1865

1976	Name:	A.V. Williams Jackson
	Year Elected:	1909
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	8/8/37

1977	Name:	Chevalier Jackson
	Year Elected:	1919
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	?

1978	Name:	Dugald C. Jackson
	Year Elected:	1931
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1865
	Death Date:	7/1/51

1979	Name:	Dr. Shirley Ann Jackson
	Institution:	Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
	Year Elected:	2007
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Subdivision:	106. Physics
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1946

	The Honorable Shirley Ann Jackson is the 18th President of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, N.Y., and Hartford, Conn., the oldest technological research university in the United States. She is slated to lead Rensselaer through June 2022. Dr. Jackson holds a Ph.D. in theoretical elementary particle physics from M.I.T. (1973) and a S.B. in physics from M.I.T. (1968). Her research specialty is in theoretical condensed matter physics, especially layered systems, and the physics of opto-electronic materials. Describing her as "a national treasure," the National Science Board selected Dr. Jackson as its 2007 recipient of the prestigious Vannevar Bush Award for "a lifetime of achievements in scientific research, education, and senior statesman-like contributions to public policy." Described by Time Magazine (2005) as "perhaps the ultimate role model for women in science," President Jackson has held senior leadership positions in government, industry, research, and the academy. Since arriving at Rensselaer in 1999, Dr. Jackson has fostered an extraordinary renaissance there through the vision, development and implementation of The Rensselaer Plan, the Institute's strategic blueprint. This institutional transformation has included the hiring of more than 180 new faculty and a corresponding reduction in class size and student/faculty ratios; initiating and/or completing $500 million in new construction and renovation of facilities for research, teaching, and student life; a doubling of research awards; and innovations in curriculum, undergraduate research, and student life initiatives. President Jackson secured a $360 million unrestricted gift to the university (2001), launched the $1 billion Renaissance at Rensselaer Campaign (2004), and expanded the goal of the campaign to $1.4 billion (2006) when the initial goal was met earlier than anticipated. Prior to her leadership of Rensselaer, President Jackson was Chair of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission; a theoretical physicist conducting basic research at the former AT&T Bell Laboratories; and a professor of theoretical physics at Rutgers University. In 1995 President Clinton appointed Dr. Jackson to serve as Chair of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). From 1995-99 she was Chair of the NRC, which is charged with the protection of the public health and safety, the environment, and the common defense and security by licensing, regulating, and safeguarding the use of reactor byproduct material in the U.S. From 1991-95, Dr. Jackson was professor of physics at Rutgers University, where she taught undergraduate and graduate students, conducted research on the electronic and optical properties of two-dimensional systems, and supervised Ph.D. candidates. She concurrently served as a consultant in semiconductor theory to AT&T Bell Laboratories. From 1976-91, Dr. Jackson conducted research in theoretical physics, solid state and quantum physics, and optical physics at AT&T Bell Laboratories in Murray Hill, New Jersey. Her primary research foci were the optical and electronic properties of layered materials including transition metal dichalcogenides, electrons on the surface of liquid helium films, and strained-layer semiconductor superlattices. She is best known for her work on polaronic aspects of electrons in two-dimensional systems. Dr. Jackson is past President (2004) of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and former Chairman (2005) of the AAAS Board of Directors. In 2019 she was appointed to the global Board of Directors of the Nature Conservancy. She is a member of the National Academy of Engineering (2001) and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences (1991), the American Physical Society (1986) the AAAS (2007), and the Royal Academy of Engineering (2012). She is a member of a number of other professional organizations and holds 44 honorary doctoral degrees. Dr. Jackson is the first African-American woman to receive a doctorate from M.I.T. and was one of the first two African-American women to receive a doctorate in physics in the United States. She is the first African-American to become a Commissioner of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the first woman and the first African-American to serve as the chairman of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and the first African-American woman to lead a national research university. She also is the first African-American woman elected to the National Academy of Engineering, and the first to receive the Vannevar Bush award. In 2002, Dr. Jackson was named one of the Top 50 Women in Science by Discover magazine, and recognized in a published book by ESSENCE titled 50 of The Most Inspiring African-Americans. She also was named one of "50 R&D Stars to Watch" by Industry Week Magazine. Dr. Jackson was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame in 1998 for her significant and profound contributions as a distinguished scientist and advocate for education, science, and public policy. She was inducted into the Women in Technology International Foundation Hall of Fame (WITI) in 2000. In 2015 she was awarded the National Medal of Science and in 2020 she was awarded the Joseph A. Burton Forum Award of the American Physical Society. Dr. Jackson is married to Dr. Morris A. Washington, also a physicist. They have one son, Alan, a graduate of Dartmouth College.

1980	Name:	Dr. Margaret C. Jacob
	Institution:	University of California, Los Angeles
	Year Elected:	2002
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1943

	Margaret Jacob received her Ph.D. at Cornell University in 1968. She was an assistant professor of history and languages and literature at the University of South Florida, Tampa, and a lecturer in European history at the University of East Anglia, UK, before becoming professor of history at Baruch College, City University of New York, in1971. She became dean of the Eugene Lang College and professor of history in the university in 1985 at the New School for Social Research. In 1996 she moved to the University of Pennsylvania as professor of history and of the history of science. She is currently Distinguished Professor of History at the University of California, Los Angeles. A leading international authority on the interaction of science, commerce, and technology and how they contributed to the industrial revolution of the early 19th century. Dr. Jacob is the author of many books and innumerable articles. She works with English, French, Belgian, and Dutch sources. A former president of the American Society for Eighteenth Century Studies, she is also a prominent academic leader. At UCLA, she has spearheaded a pathbreaking research project bringing scientists and humanists together to study chronic pain. Dr. Jacob's publications include The Newtonians and the English Revolution, 1689-1720 (1976); The Radical Enlightenment: Pantheists, Freemasons and Republicans (1981); The Cultural Meaning of the Scientific Revolution (1988); Living the Enlightenment: Freemasonry and Politics in Eighteenth Century Europe (1991); (with Lynn Hunt and Joyce Appleby) Telling the Truth about History (1994); (with Betty Jo Teeter Dobbs) Newton and the Culture of Newtonianism (1995); Scientific Culture and the Making of the Industrial West (1997); The Enlightenment: A Brief History (2001); and (with Larry Stewart) Practical Matter, The Impact of Newton's Science from 1687 to 1851 (2004). She was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2002 and in the same year awarded an honorary doctorate from the University of Utrecht.

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