APS Member History

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1181	Name:	David Evans
	Year Elected:
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1733
	Death Date:	4/20/1817

	David Evans (1733–20 April 1817) was a house carpenter and a member of the American Philosophical Society, elected in 1768. Born into a Quaker family in Gwynedd, Pennsylvania, he was apprenticed to a carpenter in Philadelphia. In early adulthood, he was a member of the Carpenters’ Company and Union Library Company and a director of the Library Company of Philadelphia. But around 1770 he resigned from all of these organizations, including the APS, when a sudden religious conversion convinced him to devote his energies to the Society of Friends. Evans held a number of important positions in the Philadelphia Monthly Meeting for the Southern District. Though he played no role in the American Revolution, he did assist with fundraising for those affected by the British blockade of Boston in 1775 and personally delivered the sizeable donation. In 1774 he collected subscriptions for John Woolman’s Journal, a major Quaker antislavery text. And in 1784 he was named an elder of the Monthly Meeting, a position that involved drafting public statements of Quaker positions. During this time he continued his activities as a carpenter, building or remodeling homes for APS members John Cadwalader and John Dickinson as well as the Friends School on Pine Street and the nearby meetinghouse. Other significant carpentry projects included the new Library Company building and the APS’s own Philosophical Hall. In 1789 he was elected to the Philadelphia City Council, where he oversaw the construction of a new city hall. And in 1794, he superintended the construction of the Pennsylvania Hospital’s new west wing and began surveying buildings for the Insurance Company of North America. (PI)

1182	Name:	Rowland Evans
	Year Elected:
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1718
	Death Date:	8/18/1789

	Rowland Evans (1718–8 August 1789) was a farmer, miller, and public officeholder, and a member of the American Philosophical Society via his 1768 election to the American Society. Born into a Quaker family at Gwynedd in Philadelphia (now Montgomery) County, he became a farmer like his father. He also served as a justice of the peace for over a decade beginning in 1749, and in 1759 was appointed a judge of the Court of Common pleas, though he was removed from office two years later. Evans was elected to the Pennsylvania Assembly almost continuously between 1761 and 1771 as a member of the anti-proprietary party. In 1771 he served on an Assembly committee with APS members Abel James and Samuel Rhoads that commissioned APS member David Rittenhouse to construct an orrery for public use. Shortly after his election to the American Society, Evans relocated to Providence Township, where he expanded his farm from 160 to 250 acres and founded grist and saw mills. But by 1776 he was so deeply in debt that he sold the farm to Pennsylvania Governor John Penn, who then leased it back to Evans. A year later, Evans watched in horror as British troops appropriated his grain; patriot troops soon matched these depredations on his farm and mills to provision their encampment at Valley Forge. Faced with impending financial ruin, he was able to renegotiate his lease on more advantageous terms via Penn’s agent (and fellow APS member) Edmund Physick. But by 1784 Evans’s debt had forced him to relocate to Philadelphia, where he made a modest living preparing legal documents as a trustee of the Loan Office. His brother Cadwalader Evans was an APS member. (PI)

1183	Name:	Edmund C. Evans
	Year Elected:	1859
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	5/20/1881

1184	Name:	Griffith C. Evans
	Year Elected:	1941
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1887
	Death Date:	12/8/1973

1185	Name:	Dr. Ronald M. Evans
	Institution:	The Salk Institute
	Year Elected:	2007
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Subdivision:	202. Cellular and Developmental Biology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1949

	Ronald Evans is March of Dimes Professor in Molecular & Developmental Neurobiology at the Salk Institute and an Investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. His discovery of the superfamily of nuclear receptors, including the mineralocorticoid, thyroid, retinoic acid (vitamin A), and retinoid X receptors, was a watershed in the field. His discovery of RXR and its heterodimeric partners proved to be the "Rosetta stone" for identifying hormonal ligands of several hitherto-orphan nuclear receptors, with profound implications for normal physiology, disease pathogenesis and drug discovery. Dr. Evans' discoveries in the field of nuclear hormone receptors defined a unitary signaling pathway and a central paradigm for the control of eukaryotic gene expression. His work established a transcriptional basis to physiology and has led to a new generation of drugs for cancer, metabolic disease and the treatment of muscular dystrophies. He has received numerous awards for his efforts, including the Pasarow Award in Cancer Research (1993); the Bristol-Myers Squibb Award in Metabolic Research (2000); the March of Dimes Prize in Developmental Biology (2003); the General Motors Sloan Prize in Cancer Research (2003); the Keio Medical Science Prize, Japan (2003); the Lasker Basic Medical Research Award (2004); the Grande Medaille d'Or of the French Academy of Sciences (2005); the Harvey Prize (2006); the Gairdner International Award (2006); and the Lipman Award of the American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology (2007).

1186	Name:	Oswell Eve
	Year Elected:
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1723
	Death Date:	1793

	Oswell Eve (c. 1723–1793) was a mariner, chandler, and manufacturer, and a member of the American Philosophical Society and American Society, elected to both in 1768. Little is known about Eve’s early life, but he worked for two decades as a ship captain, sailing between Philadelphia, Lisbon, and the Caribbean. He was active in local institutions, serving as a Philadelphia Port Warden and as the lieutenant of a group of Associators. Eve was also a founder of the Society for the Relief of Poor and Distressed Masters of Ships, their Widows and Children and a signer of the 1765 Non-Importation Agreement. In 1768, financial straits forced him to flee, with only part of his family, to the Bay of Honduras. Having remade his fortune, he returned to Philadelphia in 1773 and opened a chandler’s shop. Around this time his daughter Sarah became engaged to APS member Benjamin Rush but died before the wedding took place. With the outbreak of the War of Independence Eve transitioned into gunpowder manufacturing; his innovative Frankford Powder Mill produced an estimated 25,000 lbs. of gunpowder for the Committee of Safety and Continental Congress. Eve also aided the war effort by surveying the Delaware River. But by the summer of 1777 he had become a Loyalist. He served the British as both a powder-maker and a surveyor during the occupation of Philadelphia, before evacuating to New York. In 1778 he was accused of treason in absentia; his sons were jailed and his property confiscated. He then founded a Loyalist settlement in the Bahamas. Though supported by APS members Andrew Allen and Joseph Galloway, Eve’s petition to the Loyalist Claims Commission was unsuccessful. His son Joseph Eve is said to have invented a cotton gin that was narrowly preempted by Eli Whitney’s design. (PI)

1187	Name:	Alexander Hill Everett
	Year Elected:	1831
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	6/29/1847

1188	Name:	Edward Everett
	Year Elected:	1831
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	1/15/1865

1189	Name:	Marshall Davis Ewell
	Year Elected:	1895
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Death Date:	10/4/1928

1190	Name:	John Ewing
	Year Elected:
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	7/221732
	Death Date:	9/8/1802

	John Ewing (22 July 1732–8 September 1802) was a clergyman, natural philosopher, mathematician, astronomer, and university administrator, as well as a member of the American Philosophical Society, elected in 1768. Born in Cecil County, Maryland, he studied and then tutored at APS member Francis Alison’s New London Academy and at the College of New Jersey. After teaching at the College of Philadelphia, Ewing completed his studies under Alison, received his ordination, and became pastor of Philadelphia’s First Presbyterian Church. He continued to promote education, corresponding with the Astronomer Royal about establishing an observatory in Philadelphia and soliciting funds in England for an academy in Delaware. He returned to America with an honorary D.D. degree from the University of Edinburgh and in 1779 was appointed provost of the University of the State of Pennsylvania, as well as professor of natural philosophy. He remained provost when the school united with the College of Philadelphia to become the University of Pennsylvania in 1791. He also engaged in a dispute with APS member Benjamin Rush over the latter’s founding of a competing institution, Dickinson College. Ewing’s articles on astronomy appeared in the first American edition of the Encyclopaedia Britannica (1798) and in the APS Transactions, the first volume of which he saw through the press. He served on numerous APS committees, on boundary commissions with APS member David Rittenhouse, and on the survey for a proposed Chesapeake-Delaware River canal. Ewing also played an important role in observing the 1769 Transit of Venus, which secured the APS’s international reputation, and helped to draft the instructions for the 1793 Michaux expedition. He supported Pennsylvania’s radical new constitution and was an Anti-Federalist in national politics. He is best remembered for his sermons and his lectures on natural philosophy, both of which were posthumously published. (PI, DAB)

1191	Name:	(William) Maurice Ewing
	Year Elected:	1959
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1906
	Death Date:	5/4/1974

1192	Name:	Henry Eyring
	Year Elected:	1941
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1901
	Death Date:	12/26/81

1193	Name:	Dr. Sandra M. Faber
	Institution:	University of California Observatories, University of California, Santa Cruz
	Year Elected:	2001
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Subdivision:	101. Astronomy
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1944

	Sandra Faber is University Professor Emerta at the University of California, Santa Cruz, and a staff member of the UCO/Lick Observatory. She is an observational astronomer with primary research interests in cosmology and galaxy formation. Some of her major discoveries include the first structural scaling law for galaxies, large-scale flow perturbations in the expansion of the universe, black holes at the centers of galaxies, and the role of dark matter in galaxy formation. She was one of three astronomers who diagnosed the optical flaw in the Hubble Space Telescope, and she played a major role in its repair. She established the scientific case for the Keck Telescopes, which inspired the current wave of major ground-based telescope building all over the world. Since 1994 she has been Principal Investigator of the DEIMOS spectrograph, a large optical multi-object spectrograph for the Keck 2 Telescope, which she and colleagues are using to conduct the DEEP2 survey of galaxies in the distant universe. Dr. Faber is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. She serves on the boards of several organizations including the Carnegie Institution of Washington, Annual Reviews, and the SETI Institute. She has won the National Medal of Science (2012), the Fellows Medal of the California Academy of Sciences (2016), the Gruber Cosmology Prize (2017), and the Royal Astronomical Society's Gold Medal (2020). She was awarded the American Philosophical Society's Magellanic Premium Medal in 2019. Sandra Faber was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2001.

1194	Name:	Dr. Solomon Fabricant
	Institution:	New York University
	Year Elected:	1954
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	302. Economics
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1906
	Death Date:	9/13/89

1195	Name:	Dr. Robert Fagles
	Institution:	Princeton University
	Year Elected:	1997
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Subdivision:	405. History and Philology, East and West, through the 17th Century
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1933
	Death Date:	March 26, 2008

1196	Name:	Merle Fainsod
	Year Elected:	1961
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1907
	Death Date:	2/12/1972

1197	Name:	Dr. John King Fairbank
	Institution:	Harvard University
	Year Elected:	1969
	Class:	3. Social Sciences
	Subdivision:	303. History Since 1715
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1907
	Death Date:	9/14/91

1198	Name:	Dr. William M. Fairbank
	Institution:	Stanford University
	Year Elected:	1978
	Class:	1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
	Subdivision:	106. Physics
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Deceased
	Birth Date:	1917
	Death Date:	9/30/89

1199	Name:	Dr. Ronald M. Fairman
	Institution:	Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
	Year Elected:	2016
	Class:	2. Biological Sciences
	Subdivision:	204. Medicine, Surgery, Pathology and Immunology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1951

	Ronald Fairman, an internationally acclaimed vascular surgeon, has played a central role in shaping an entirely new field of medicine, endovascular therapy. This field has virtually transformed and vastly improved the care of patients afflicted with blood vessel disorders such as aneurysms of the thoracic and abdominal aorta and blockage of arteries such as the carotid, renal and femoral. Fairman has been a pioneer in endovascular surgery. In this new treatment, complex devices are inserted via catheters into peripheral arteries and with radiographic imaging advanced centrally to stent or seal off aortic aneurysms or to open and restore flow to narrowed or occluded arteries. Thus, intricate but less invasive procedures are substituted for major or more dangerous ones such as open operations to remove aneurysms or bypass arterial occlusions. Fairman’s research has developed, tested and improved endovascular procedures and the complex devices necessary for their conduct. Each new device must be subjected to extensive evaluation and clinical testing before it can be approved by the FDA. Approval can only be accomplished by demonstrated safety and effectiveness in well-designed clinical trials. Fairman is at the forefront of these multi-institutional national trials, serving as the principal investigator, a major participant or advisor to the FDA on dozens of them. He has presented two papers at general meetings of the APS. Members may recall his presentation of this work to the Society at its April 2015 Meeting. The results of these trials and other aspects of his clinical experience have been reported by Fairman in more than 140 peer reviewed publications in scientific journals, dozens of chapters and editorials and in lectures and visiting professorships around the world. He is a member of the editorial boards of four vascular journals. In 2014 he received the highest award from the Society for Vascular Surgery and in 2016 he served as its president. Dr. Fairman was Professor of Surgery from 2002-2017, Chief of the Vascular Division of Penn’s Department of Surgery. At that time, he also served the entire Penn Health System as chairman of the committee evaluating new programs and the purchase of equipment for them. After retiring from surgical practice in 2017, he began serving as a volunteer for the FDA. He has now become an endowed member of the FDA and is the agency’s most important expert in evaluation of implantable devices to replace diseased aortic and other blood vessels, often reporting to Congress on the agency’s activities.

1200	Name:	Dr. Lothar von Falkenhausen
	Institution:	University of California, Los Angeles
	Year Elected:	2016
	Class:	4. Humanities
	Subdivision:	403. Cultural Anthropology
	Residency:	Resident
	Living? :	Living
	Birth Date:	1959

	Lothar von Falkenhausen is the leading archaeologist of China of his generation. A polyglot like few others, he has taught—each time in the local language—as Visiting Professor in Beijing, Münster, Hong Kong, Kyoto, Paris, and Heidelberg. His most recent book Chinese Society in the Age of Confucius (2006), by now translated into Japanese, Chinese, and Korean, is the definitive social history of bronze age China. His vast list of publications ranges from antiquarianism to ancient musical instruments, and further on to ancient salt production, empire and urban studies, questions of literacy and orality in the Chinese canon, philosophical perspectives in Chinese ritual, religious mortuary practices, and social ranking in tombs. His work is as transnational as it is interdisciplinary, ranging across continents and centuries, and combining archaeology with intellectual, social, technological, and economic history.

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