Subdivision
| • | 101. Astronomy |
(15)
| | • | 102. Chemistry and Chemical Biochemistry |
(27)
| | • | 103. Engineering |
(3)
| | • | 104. Mathematics |
(14)
| | • | 105. Physical Earth Sciences |
(7)
| | • | 106. Physics |
(26)
| | • | 107 |
(1)
| | • | 200 |
(2)
| | • | 201. Molecular Biology and Biochemistry |
(12)
| | • | 202. Cellular and Developmental Biology |
(8)
| | • | 203. Evolution & Ecology, Systematics, Population Genetics, Paleontology, and Physical Anthropology |
(12)
| | • | 204. Medicine, Surgery, Pathology and Immunology |
(13)
| | • | 205. Microbiology |
(9)
| | • | 206. Physiology, Biophysics, and Pharmacology |
(7)
| | • | 207. Genetics |
(1)
| | • | 208. Plant Sciences |
(6)
| | • | 209. Neurobiology |
(9)
| | • | 210. Behavioral Biology, Psychology, Ethology, and Animal Behavior |
(5)
| | • | 301. Anthropology, Demography, Psychology, and Sociology |
(12)
| | • | 302. Economics |
(12)
| | • | 303. History Since 1715 |
(11)
| | • | 304. Jurisprudence and Political Science |
(6)
| | • | 305 |
(7)
| | • | 401. Archaeology |
(19)
| | • | 402. Criticism: Arts and Letters |
(3)
| | • | 402a |
(2)
| | • | 402b |
(1)
| | • | 403. Cultural Anthropology |
(9)
| | • | 404. History of the Arts, Literature, Religion and Sciences |
(14)
| | • | 404a |
(8)
| | • | 404b |
(4)
| | • | 404c |
(3)
| | • | 405 [401] |
(1)
| | • | 405. History and Philology, East and West, through the 17th Century |
(14)
| | • | 406. Linguistics |
(14)
| | • | 407. Philosophy |
(5)
| | • | 408 |
(2)
| | • | 501. Creative Artists |
(10)
| | • | 502. Physicians, Theologians, Lawyers, Jurists, Architects, and Members of Other Professions |
(8)
| | • | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors |
(42)
| | • | 504. Scholars in the Professions |
(1)
|
| | 241 | Name: | Domenico Maria Leone Cirillo | | | Year Elected: | 1768 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 04/10/1739 | | | Death Date: | 10/29/1799 | | | | | | |
Born in Grumo Nevano, Italy. Cirillo graduated in Medicine from the University of Naples in 1759 and became Professor of Botany there the following year. He was the first to introduce the Linnaean system in the Kingdom of Naples. He conducted several botanical expeditions and authored numerous publications in the fields of botany and entomology. He was also a masterful illustrator and provided descriptions and illustrations for over thirty new plant species, many of which are still recognized today. An excellent microscopist, he discovered the contribution of pollen to the fertilization of plants. In 1777 he became professor of Medicine at the University of Naples. He also became physician at the Naples Hospital of the Incurables, where he taught Physiology and Obstetrics, and Court Physician of the Kingdom of Naples. His patients included members of the local establishment and foreign dignitaries, but also the poor and unfortunate, whom he treated free of charge. He authored several medical publications and devised a new treatment for syphilis. He was one of the first physicians in Italy to keep a medical journal of his patients. In 1799, the Kingdom of Naples was overthrown and the Neapolitan Republic was established. He submitted a National Charity Plan to the Provisional Government and joined the Neapolitan Republic’s Legislative Commission, eventually becoming its President. Following the restoration of the Kingdom of Naples, he was sentenced to death and executed in Piazza Mercato on 29 October 1799. He was elected to the American Society on April 15, 1768 and recorded as “Famitz”. The correct name for this member was entered on January 3, 2023. | |
| 242 | Name: | Sir James Clark | | | Year Elected: | 1845 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | | |
| 243 | Name: | W.E. Le Gros Clark | | | Year Elected: | 1960 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1895 | | | Death Date: | 6/28/71 | | | | |
| 244 | Name: | Dr. Robin J. H. Clark | | | Institution: | University College London | | | Year Elected: | 2010 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 102. Chemistry and Chemical Biochemistry | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1935 | | | Death Date: | December 6, 2018 | | | | | | |
Robin Clark’s work employing Raman microscopy changed the thinking of art historians and conservators on much artwork and many archaeological artifacts. His identification of the blue pigment on the priceless Lindisfarne Gospels (715 AD) in the British Library as solely indigo, not lazurite, removed the need for the then (2004) current but improbable proposition that trade in lazurite from Afghanistan to Northumbria existed in 715 AD; in fact we know from Clark’s work that it was not established until more than two centuries later. The identification of key pigments on "Young Woman Seated on a Virginal" provided persuasive evidence consistent with a reattribution of this painting to Vermeer, in consequence of which it was sold in London for 30 million dollars in 2004. However, many Egyptian papyri supposedly worth $3 million each and dating to 1250 BC were easily identified to have been illuminated with at least 7 modern pigments, including copper phthalocyanine blue (first made in Manchester in 1936); they thus proved to be virtually worthless. Robin Clark was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2010. He died in London on December 6, 2018 at the age of 83. | |
| 245 | Name: | Dr. Bryan C. Clarke | | | Institution: | University of Nottingham | | | Year Elected: | 2003 | | | Class: | 2. Biological Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 203. Evolution & Ecology, Systematics, Population Genetics, Paleontology, and Physical Anthropology | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1932 | | | Death Date: | February 27, 2014 | | | | | | |
Bryan Clarke had a distinguished career as a leading figure in the genetical study of populations in nature. More than any other he demonstrated the widespread occurence and importance of frequency-dependent selection. This work, both theoretical and empirical and strikingly original, has helped to explain such diverse phenomena as clinal variation in gene frequencies, evolutionary dynamics of parasite-host interactions, speciation mechanisms in snails, and the maintenance of genetic variation in human populations. He gained prominence as an international spokesman for ecological genetics and as advisor to organizations including the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. Dr. Clarke served on the faculty of the University of Nottingham since 1971 and became Professor of Genetics Emeritus in 1997. He was awarded the Linnean Society of London's Darwin-Wallace Medal in 2008 and the Royal Society's Darwin Medal in 2010. Bryan Clarke died February 27, 2014, at the age of 81 in Nottingham, UK. | |
| 246 | Name: | Henry Clay | | | Year Elected: | 1947 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1883 | | | Death Date: | 7/30/54 | | | | |
| 247 | Name: | Alfred L.O.L. Des Cloizeaux | | | Year Elected: | 1878 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | | |
| 248 | Name: | Archibald Cochrane | | | Year Elected: | 1795 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
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| 249 | Name: | Dr. J. M. Coetzee | | | Year Elected: | 2006 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 501. Creative Artists | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1940 | | | | | | |
J.M. Coetzee is one of the great novelists now writing in English. Impregnated with an austere moral vision, his novels have explored human dilemmas in settings ranging from imagined antiquity (Waiting for the Barbarians) to his native South Africa in the aftermath of apartheid. His novel The Master of Petersburg is a novelistic recreation of Dostoyevsky's sojourn in St. Petersburg when he went searching for traces of his stepson. His most recent book, Summertime (2009), continues his fictional autobiography from his earlier works, Boyhood and Youth. Dr. Coetzee is also a distinguished critic and essayist with an astonishing command of world literature, as evidenced in Stranger Shores, his collection of essays that appeared in 2002. Much of his critical work has also appeared in The New York Review of Books. Currently residing in Australia, Dr. Coetzee earned his Ph.D. from the University of Texas, Austin in 1969; has taught at the State University of New York, Buffalo (1968-71) and the University of Cape Town (1972-2000); and was a member of the University of Chicago's Committee on Social Thought. His many honors include the Booker Prize (1983, 1999) and the Nobel Prize for Literature (2003). His latest works include the collection Inner Workings: Literary Essays 2000-2005 (2007), the novel Diary of a Bad Year (2007), Here and Now: Letters 2008-2011 (2013), The Good Story: Exchanges on Truth, Fiction and Psychotherapy (with A. Kurtz, 2015), The Childhood of Jesus (2013), and The Schooldays of Jesus (2016). | |
| 250 | Name: | Dr. Nili Cohen | | | Institution: | Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities; Tel Aviv University | | | Year Elected: | 2022 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1947 | | | | | | |
Nili Cohen was born in 1947 in Kfar Saba and graduated from the Ironi Dalet High School in Tel Aviv. She started her academic path in the Faculty of Law at Tel Aviv University and completed her LL.B magna cum laude. In 1971 she started her LL.M degree and gained it summa cum laude in 1975.
In 1978, Nili Cohen was awarded her Ph.D. from Tel Aviv University for her thesis “The Protection of Obligation against Interference by Third Parties”, which was supervised by Israel Prize Laureate and former Minister of Justice, Prof. Daniel Friedmann. She became a full professor at Tel Aviv University in 1989.
Her research deal with contract law, tort law, the law of unjust enrichment, and law and literature, a field she has developed in recent years. Her main work in the field of contract, co-authored with Prof. Daniel Friedmann, is reflected in the four-volume series Contracts, which is frequently cited in Israel’s courts.
Over the years, Nili Cohen has been involved in Comparative Law enterprises around the world. She is a member of the American Law Institute in which she took part in the advisory committee to Restitution3rd. She co-authored two chapters in the International Encyclopaedia of Comparative Law, and she took part in the project of the Common Core of European Private Law.
Nili Cohen has won a number of awards for her academic activities, including: The Sussman Prize for her book Interference with Contractual Relations, the Zeltner Prize for her book Inducing Breach of Contract. She was again awarded the Sussman Prize for Contracts (with Prof. Daniel Friedmann), and in 2002, she was awarded the Minkoff Prize for Excellence in Law. In the academic years 2003/4, 2004/5, and 2014/15 she won the Rector’s Prize at Tel Aviv University for Excellence in Teaching.
In 1994 Nili Cohen was elected for the position of Vice Rector at Tel Aviv University and between 1997 and 2001 she served as the University’s Rector. A member of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities since 2004, she served as its President in 2015-2021. In this capacity, she promoted academic research in Israel, encouraged the role of women in science, advanced young researchers, promoted international academic ties, contributed to the development and shaping of legal and academic research in Israeli society and to opening the Academy’s gates to the general public.
Since 2004 she organizes the open series on Law and Literature at Tel-Aviv University, within which the most prominent Israeli authors, Amos Oz, A"B Yehoshua, David Grossman, Meir Shalev, Haim Beer, Zeruya Shalev take part.
Nili Cohen is an Israel Prize Laureate in the field of legal research for 2017, a member of Academia Europaea, a member of the American Philosophical Society and holds an honorary professorship from the University of Buenos Aires, as well as honorary doctoral degrees from the University of Haifa and from the University of Ben-Gurion.
Her late husband Amiram was a lawyer. They have three children and eight grandchildren. | |
| 251 | Name: | Sir John D. Coleridge | | | Year Elected: | 1884 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | | |
| 252 | Name: | William H. Collins | | | Year Elected: | 1932 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Death Date: | 1/14/37 | | | | |
| 253 | Name: | William B. Collyer | | | Year Elected: | 1823 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | | |
| 254 | Name: | F.H. Le Comte | | | Year Elected: | 1796 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | | |
| 255 | Name: | Marquis de M.J.A.N. Caritat Condorcet | | | Year Elected: | 1775 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | | |
| 256 | Name: | Paul Henri Benjamin Balluet d'Estournelles de Constant | | | Year Elected: | 1907 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1852 | | | | |
| 257 | Name: | Arthur B. Cook | | | Year Elected: | 1944 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Death Date: | 4/26/52 | | | | |
| 258 | Name: | James Copland | | | Year Elected: | 1845 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | | |
| 259 | Name: | Douglas B. Copland | | | Year Elected: | 1948 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1894 | | | Death Date: | 9/27/71 | | | | |
| 260 | Name: | Guido Cora | | | Year Elected: | 1886 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
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| |