Class
| • | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | [X] |
| | 281 | Name: | Dugald C. Jackson | | | Year Elected: | 1931 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1865 | | | Death Date: | 7/1/51 | | | | |
| 282 | Name: | Dr. Shirley Ann Jackson | | | Institution: | Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute | | | Year Elected: | 2007 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 106. Physics | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1946 | | | | | | |
The Honorable Shirley Ann Jackson is the 18th President of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, N.Y., and Hartford, Conn., the oldest technological research university in the United States. She is slated to lead Rensselaer through June 2022. Dr. Jackson holds a Ph.D. in theoretical elementary particle physics from M.I.T. (1973) and a S.B. in physics from M.I.T. (1968). Her research specialty is in theoretical condensed matter physics, especially layered systems, and the physics of opto-electronic materials.
Describing her as "a national treasure," the National Science Board selected Dr. Jackson as its 2007 recipient of the prestigious Vannevar Bush Award for "a lifetime of achievements in scientific research, education, and senior statesman-like contributions to public policy." Described by Time Magazine (2005) as "perhaps the ultimate role model for women in science," President Jackson has held senior leadership positions in government, industry, research, and the academy.
Since arriving at Rensselaer in 1999, Dr. Jackson has fostered an extraordinary renaissance there through the vision, development and implementation of The Rensselaer Plan, the Institute's strategic blueprint. This institutional transformation has included the hiring of more than 180 new faculty and a corresponding reduction in class size and student/faculty ratios; initiating and/or completing $500 million in new construction and renovation of facilities for research, teaching, and student life; a doubling of research awards; and innovations in curriculum, undergraduate research, and student life initiatives. President Jackson secured a $360 million unrestricted gift to the university (2001), launched the $1 billion Renaissance at Rensselaer Campaign (2004), and expanded the goal of the campaign to $1.4 billion (2006) when the initial goal was met earlier than anticipated.
Prior to her leadership of Rensselaer, President Jackson was Chair of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission; a theoretical physicist conducting basic research at the former AT&T Bell Laboratories; and a professor of theoretical physics at Rutgers University. In 1995 President Clinton appointed Dr. Jackson to serve as Chair of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). From 1995-99 she was Chair of the NRC, which is charged with the protection of the public health and safety, the environment, and the common defense and security by licensing, regulating, and safeguarding the use of reactor byproduct material in the U.S. From 1991-95, Dr. Jackson was professor of physics at Rutgers University, where she taught undergraduate and graduate students, conducted research on the electronic and optical properties of two-dimensional systems, and supervised Ph.D. candidates. She concurrently served as a consultant in semiconductor theory to AT&T Bell Laboratories. From 1976-91, Dr. Jackson conducted research in theoretical physics, solid state and quantum physics, and optical physics at AT&T Bell Laboratories in Murray Hill, New Jersey. Her primary research foci were the optical and electronic properties of layered materials including transition metal dichalcogenides, electrons on the surface of liquid helium films, and strained-layer semiconductor superlattices. She is best known for her work on polaronic aspects of electrons in two-dimensional systems.
Dr. Jackson is past President (2004) of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and former Chairman (2005) of the AAAS Board of Directors. In 2019 she was appointed to the global Board of Directors of the Nature Conservancy. She is a member of the National Academy of Engineering (2001) and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences (1991), the American Physical Society (1986) the AAAS (2007), and the Royal Academy of Engineering (2012). She is a member of a number of other professional organizations and holds 44 honorary doctoral degrees. Dr. Jackson is the first African-American woman to receive a doctorate from M.I.T. and was one of the first two African-American women to receive a doctorate in physics in the United States. She is the first African-American to become a Commissioner of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the first woman and the first African-American to serve as the chairman of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and the first African-American woman to lead a national research university. She also is the first African-American woman elected to the National Academy of Engineering, and the first to receive the Vannevar Bush award. In 2002, Dr. Jackson was named one of the Top 50 Women in Science by Discover magazine, and recognized in a published book by ESSENCE titled 50 of The Most Inspiring African-Americans. She also was named one of "50 R&D Stars to Watch" by Industry Week Magazine. Dr. Jackson was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame in 1998 for her significant and profound contributions as a distinguished scientist and advocate for education, science, and public policy. She was inducted into the Women in Technology International Foundation Hall of Fame (WITI) in 2000. In 2015 she was awarded the National Medal of Science and in 2020 she was awarded the Joseph A. Burton Forum Award of the American Physical Society. Dr. Jackson is married to Dr. Morris A. Washington, also a physicist. They have one son, Alan, a graduate of Dartmouth College. | |
| 283 | Name: | Dr. Irwin Mark Jacobs | | | Institution: | Qualcomm Inc.; Salk Institute for Biological Studies | | | Year Elected: | 2013 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 103. Engineering | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1933 | | | | | | |
Irwin Mark Jacobs is Founding Chairman and CEO Emeritus of Qualcomm, a company he co-founded in 1985. As CEO through 2005 and Chairman through 2009, he led the growth from startup to Fortune 500 Company, now with over 28,000 employees worldwide. Qualcomm pioneered the development and commercialization of CDMA wireless technology, the basis for all third-generation cellular networks which now provide voice and broadband Internet access for over 1.6 billion customers. Qualcomm is the world’s largest semiconductor supplier for wireless products and a leader in introducing fourth-generation technology. For 15 consecutive years, QUALCOMM has been named to Fortune’s list of The 100 Best Companies To Work For.
Dr. Jacobs previously served as co-founder, CEO and chairman of LINKABIT Corporation, leading the development of Very Small Aperture Earth Terminals (VSATs) and the VideoCipher® satellite-to-home TV system. LINKABIT merged with M/A-COM in August 1980, and Dr. Jacobs served as executive vice president and a member of the board of directors until his resignation in April 1985. Over 100 San Diego communications companies trace their roots to LINKABIT.
From 1959 to 1966, Dr. Jacobs was an assistant, then associate professor of electrical engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). From 1966 to 1972 he served as professor of computer science and engineering at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD). While at MIT, Dr. Jacobs co-authored with Jack Wozencraft a textbook in digital communications Principles of Communication Engineering. First published in 1965, the book remains in use today.
Dr. Jacobs received a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering in 1956 from Cornell University and Master of Science and Doctor of Science degrees in electrical engineering from MIT in 1957 and 1959, respectively. He holds fourteen CDMA patents.
Dr. Jacobs was named Chair of the Board of Trustees of the Salk Institute In November 2006 and served as Chair of the National Academy of Engineering from 2008 to 2012. He serves on the UCSD Foundation Board of Trustees in addition to the UC San Diego Health System Advisory Board and is past chairman of the University of California President’s Engineering Advisory Council. In June 2011, he was appointed by The Secretary of Education to serve on the Board of the National Center for Research in Advanced Information and Digital Technologies (aka, Digital Promise). Additionally, Dr. Jacobs is a board member of the Lang Lang Foundation, the Technion Board of Governors, the International Innovation and Entrepreneurship Board of Overseers of KACST in Saudi Arabia, the Pacific Council on International Policy, and has served on the Advisory Board of the Tsinghua University School of Economics and Management since its formation in 2000.
He is the recipient of numerous industry, education and business awards, including the National Medal of Technology in 1994 and the IEEE Medal of Honor in 2013. Irwin Jacobs was elected a member of the American Philosophical Socity in 2013. In 2015 he was awarded the Carnegie Medal of Philanthropy. | |
| 284 | Name: | Dr. James G. Anderson | | | Institution: | Harvard University | | | Year Elected: | 1998 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 102. Chemistry and Chemical Biochemistry | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1944 | | | | | | |
James Anderson has pioneered the development and application of instruments to determine the chemical abundance of chemical radicals in the stratosphere. He established from measurement and theory the abundance of ClO in the stratosphere and then OH, NO, and BrO. This showed unambiguously that Cl from chloroflourocarbons was the cause of the ozone depletion in the Antarctic and that ClO and BrO from industrial sources was the cause of the ozone depletion. They are the basis for quantitatively testing models of the atmosphere. These results are from the very difficult and sophisticated measurements made by him with instrumented stratospheric ballon flights. Dr. Anderson has established a world center of research with brilliant young scientists who are participating in carrying their field forward. Having been Philip S. Weld Professor of Atmospheric Chemistry at Harvard Univeristy since 1978, Dr. Anderson has also served on the faculties of the University of Pittsburgh and the University of Michigan. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences (1992); the American Academy of Arts & Sciences (1985); and the American Association for the Advancement of Science (1986). He holds a Ph.D. from the University of Colorado (1970). | |
| 285 | Name: | Zay Jeffries | | | Year Elected: | 1948 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1888 | | | Death Date: | 5/21/1965 | | | | |
| 286 | Name: | Frank B. Jewett | | | Year Elected: | 1938 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1879 | | | Death Date: | 11/18/49 | | | | |
| 287 | Name: | Dr. Jiri Jonas | | | Institution: | Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology; University of Illinois at Urbana/Champaign | | | Year Elected: | 2003 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 102. Chemistry and Chemical Biochemistry | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1932 | | | | | | |
Jiri Jonas received his Ph.D. from the Czechoslovak Academy of Science in 1960. He moved to the United States in 1963 to join the faculty of the University of Illinois where he has remained throughout his career. He is now Professor Emeritus of Chemistry, Professor Emeritus of the Center for Advanced Study, and Director Emeritus of the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. Jiri Jonas has been a pioneer in developing and using high pressure NMR to study the structure and dynamics of liquids, including liquids in small pores, the effect of compression on reaction rates in solution, and, in recent years, the conformation of protein molecules and membranes, the mechanism of protein folding and cold denaturation of proteins. In addition, as Director of the Beckman Institute for the past nine years he developed the largest university-operated organization for interdisciplinary research involving engineering, chemistry and physiological psychology. Significant useful devices have resulted. Dr. Jonas received the Hildebrand Award of the American Chemical Society and the U.S. Senior Scientist Award of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2003. | |
| 288 | Name: | Dr. Anita K. Jones | | | Institution: | University of Virginia | | | Year Elected: | 2010 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 107 | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1942 | | | | | | |
Anita Jones, who is now University Professor Emerita at the University of Virginia, is a computer scientist who has made significant contributions to national science and engineering policy. Her technical work focuses on protection mechanisms and secure systems that make guarantees about how information is used. Her current focus is survivable information systems and interactive, distributed computer simulation for training, analysis, and entertainment. In June 1993, when she was appointed the Director of Defense Research and Engineering for the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), she assumed responsibility for the management of the DoD's Science and Technology Program, including responsibility for the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency and oversight of the DoD laboratories. Her duties also incorporated being the principal advisor to the Secretary of Defense for defense-related scientific and technical matters. As Director, she served in one of the nation's top technical positions and oversaw the largest defense research and development organization in the world. Jones focused the DoD program to ensure military and national preeminence in important strategic technologies while expanding the program's scope and the speed at which technology was developed and transitioned into use. Dr. Jones received her Ph.D. from Carnegie Mellon University in 1973, joining their faculty that same year. In 1988 she moved to the University of Virginia, serving as professor and department head. She is the author of numerous papers, as well as Foundations of Secure Computation (with R. De Millo, et al, 1978). She is a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering, and was elected to membership in the American Philosophical Society in 2010. In 2011, the National Academy of Engineering presented her with the Arthur M. Bueche Award. | |
| 289 | Name: | Dr. Thomas H. Jordan | | | Institution: | Southern California Earthquake Center; University of Southern California | | | Year Elected: | 2002 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 105. Physical Earth Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1948 | | | | | | |
Thomas H. Jordan received his Ph.D. in geophysics and applied mathematics from the California Institute of Technology in 1972. He has taught at Princeton University, the Scripps Institution of Oceanography and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He served as head of MIT's Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences from 1988-98. In 2000 he moved to the University of Southern California where he currently serves as University Professor of Earth Sciences. In 2002 he also became the Director of the Southern California Earthquake Center. Dr. Jordan is a geophysicist interested in the composition, dynamics, and evolution of the solid earth. His research concerns seismology, plate tectonics, the formation of continents, mantle structure, earthquakes and fault systems. He developed seismological techniques to make major discoveries about the three-dimensional structure of the earth's deep interior. He found that continental cratons have an underlying deep structure that translates with the continents during plate motions, and he discovered that lithospheric slabs penetrate deep into the lower mantle, demonstrating that the mantle convection system responsible for plate tectonics extends throughout the mantle. He has done seminal work on plate motions and plate-boundary deformations, slow earthquakes, and seafloor morphology. Dr. Jordan's contributions have been recognized with the James B. Macelwane Award from the American Geophysical Union in 1983, the George P. Woollard Award from the Geological Society of America in 1998, and the National Associate Award of the National Academy of Sciences in 2001. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2002. | |
| 290 | Name: | Dr. Joshua Jortner | | | Institution: | Tel Aviv University | | | Year Elected: | 1990 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 102. Chemistry and Chemical Biochemistry | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1933 | | | | | | |
Joshua Jortner held the position of Heinemann Professor of Chemistry at Tel Aviv University from 1973-2003. He previously served as the Chair of the Chemistry Department, Deputy Rector, Acting Rector and Vice President of Tel-Aviv University (1965-72). He holds honorary doctorates from universities in Israel, France and Germany. Among his awards are the Wolf Prize in Chemistry (1998) and the EMET Prize in Exact Sciences (2008). He is a member of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities and a foreign member of 13 academies and learned societies in the USA, Europe and Asia. Dr. Jortner's scientific work in physical and theoretical chemistry, which focuses on the elucidation of the dynamics of energy acquisition, storage and disposal in complex systems from large molecules and clusters to biomolecules, is summarized in 725 scientific articles and 29 books. He contributed to shaping the scientific research and public service in Israel. He served as the President of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities (1986-95) and as the first Chairman of the Israel National Science Foundation (1986-95). He acted as science advisor to three Prime Ministers of Israel. On the international level Dr. Jortner served as the President of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (1998-2000). His current public service activities span issues of science and public policy and the maintenance of scientific enterprise. | |
| 291 | Name: | Mark Kac | | | Year Elected: | 1969 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1914 | | | Death Date: | 10/26/84 | | | | |
| 292 | Name: | Dr. Leo P. Kadanoff | | | Institution: | University of Chicago | | | Year Elected: | 1997 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 106. Physics | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1937 | | | Death Date: | October 26, 2015 | | | | | | |
Leo Kadanoff received a Ph.D. at Harvard University in 1960. He was a resident Fellow at the Bohr Institute of Theoretical Studies in Copenhagen from 1960-62. He was a professor of physics at the University of Illinois for seven years, then moved to Brown University as University Professor of Physics and professor of engineering. In 1978 he joined the faculty of the University of Chicago where he served as director of the University of Chicago Materials Research Laboratory for six years. He was the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Professor of Physics and Mathematics.
Leo Kadanoff was the major figure in developing the scaling theory of thermodynamic phase transitions, following from M. E. Fisher's analysis of experimental data and foreshadowing K. G. Wilson's explicit mathematical expression of the scaling idea.
Dr. Kadanoff in his early work was also one of the originators of the application of quantum field theory to many-body theory, and he had been the national leader in the study of complex non-linear systems, specializing in turbulence and in simulation studies of complex dynamic systems. He was among the world's most widely respected condensed matter physicists.
He is the author of Electricity Magnetism and Heat, 1967, and co-author of Quantum Statistical Mechanics, 1963. Among his many honors, he has received the Buckley Prize and Onsager Prize from the American Physical Society, the Boltzmann Medal from the International Union of Pure & Applied Physics, the Wolf Foundation Award, the Grande Madaille d'Or from the Académie des Sciences de l'Institut de France, and in 2000 he received the National Medal of Science. He was a member of the National Academy of Sciences and American Academy of Arts & Sciences, and was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1997. Leo Kadanoff died October 26, 2015, at age 78, in Chicago, Illinois. | |
| 293 | Name: | Dr. Martin D. Kamen | | | Institution: | University of California, San Diego | | | Year Elected: | 1974 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 102. Chemistry and Chemical Biochemistry | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1913 | | | Death Date: | August 31, 2002 | | | | |
| 294 | Name: | Dr. Jerome Karle | | | Institution: | Naval Research Laboratory | | | Year Elected: | 1990 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 102. Chemistry and Chemical Biochemistry | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1918 | | | Death Date: | June 6, 2013 | | | | | | |
Jerome Karle was born in Brooklyn, New York, on June 18, 1918. He attended New York City schools and graduated from the City College of New York in 1937. He obtained an M.A. degree in biology in 1938 at Harvard University. After working at the New York State Health Department, he attended the University of Michigan and received M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in physical chemistry. Jerome Karle's research was concerned with diffraction theory and its application to the determination of atomic arrangements in various states of aggregation, gaseous, liquids, amorphous solids and fibers. This research resulted in new techniques for structure determination and a broad variety of applications. His work in crystal structure analysis was recognized by the 1985 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Karle had been associated in various ways with a number of groups and organizations that are concerned with social issues. Some examples have been membership in the Committee on Human Rights of the National Academy of Sciences and Advisor to ChildRight Worldwide. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1990. Jerome Karle died on June 6, 2013, at the age of 94 in Annandale, Virginia. | |
| 295 | Name: | Dr. Isabella L. Karle | | | Institution: | Naval Research Laboratory | | | Year Elected: | 1992 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 102. Chemistry and Chemical Biochemistry | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1921 | | | Death Date: | October 3, 2017 | | | | | | |
Isabella Karle (née Lugoski) was born in Detroit, Michigan. She was the daughter of Zygmunt and Elizabeth Lugoski who had emigrated from Poland. After attending the public schools in Detroit, she was awarded a scholarship to the University of Michigan where she earned the B.S. Chem, M.S. and Ph.D. degrees with a speciality in physical chemistry. After serving as a chemist on the atomic bomb project at the University of Chicago (1944), she was an Instructor in Chemistry at the University of Michigan. After World War II, she joined the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington where she maintained an active research program as a member of the Laboratory for the Structure of Matter until July 2010. Dr. Isabella Karle's early research concerned the structure analysis of molecules in the vapor state by electron diffraction. She was instrumental in the development of a quantitative procedure by which vibrational motion as well as bond lengths and bond angles in molecules can be determined accurately. In the fifties, her research was directed toward crystal structure analysis. She developed practical procedures based on the theoretical work developed in the Laboratory for the Structure of Matter at NRL for the determination of phases directly from the measured intensities of x-ray reflections. These practical procedures have become adopted world-wide and have been essential to the explosive output of crystal structure determinations that are indispensable to the solution of problems in a number of scientific disciplines: chemistry, biochemistry, biophysics, mineralogy, material science, pharmaceuticals, drug design and medicinal chemistry, for example. There are now in excess of 20,000 published analyses per year, as compared to about 150 per year in the early 1960s. Isabella Karle personally had applied the direct method of phase determination to the early elucidation of molecular formulae and determination of conformations of steroids, alkaloids, frog toxins, photorearrangement products caused by radiation, nanotubes and particularly peptides. This type of structural information has provided the basis for computational chemistry, conformational analyses and the prediction of folding for new substances. She published more than 350 papers. The work of Dr. Karle was recognized by a number of awards and honors. Among them have been election to the National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, and the American Philosophical Society. She received the Garvan Award of the American Chemical Society, the Hillebrand Award, the WISE Lifetime Achievement Award, the Gregori Aminoff Prize from the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Bijvoet Medal from the Netherlands, Robert Dexter Conrad Award (ONR), the Department of Navy Distinguished Civilian Service Award, and eight honorary doctorate degrees, the most recent from the Jagiellonian University (Krakow, Poland). Her first award, however, was presented by the Society of Women Engineers. She had served as President of the American Crystallographic Association, on several editorial boards of journals and a number of national committees concerned with various aspects of chemistry and crystallography. In 1993, Dr. Karle was awarded the prestigious Bower Award and Prize for Achievement in Science (Franklin Institute), and in 1995 she received the National Academy of Sciences Award in Chemical Sciences and the National Medal of Science from President Clinton. Other recognitions include her biography in "Women in Chemistry and Physics" and in "The Door in the Dream," a symposium in her honor at an American Chemical Society meeting, and honors at the New York Academy of Sciences. She received the 2007 Bruce Merrifield Award for Peptide Science. Isabella Karle died on October 2, 2017 at the age of 95. | |
| 296 | Name: | Dr. Samuel Karlin | | | Institution: | Stanford University | | | Year Elected: | 1995 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 104. Mathematics | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1924 | | | Death Date: | December 18, 2007 | | | | |
| 297 | Name: | Dr. Richard M. Karp | | | Institution: | University of California, Berkeley | | | Year Elected: | 1994 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 104. Mathematics | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1935 | | | | | | |
Richard M. Karp was born in Boston, Massachusetts on January 3, 1935. He attended Boston Latin School and Harvard University, receiving his Ph.D. in 1959. From 1959-68 he was a member of the Mathematical Sciences Department at IBM Research. From 1968-94 and from 1999 to the present he has been a Professor at the University of California, Berkeley, where he held the Class of 1939 Chair and is currently a University Professor. From 1988-95 and 1999 to the present he has been a Research Scientist at the International Computer Science Institute in Berkeley. From 1995-99 he was a Professor at the University of Washington. During the 1985-86 academic year he was the co-organizer of a Computational Complexity Year at the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute in Berkeley. During the 1999-2000 academic year he was the Hewlett-Packard Visiting Professor at the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute. The unifying theme in Karp's work has been the study of combinatorial algorithms. His 1972 paper, "Reducibility Among Combinatorial Problems," showed that many of the most commonly studied combinatorial problems are NP-complete, and hence likely to be intractable. Much of his work has concerned parallel algorithms, the probabilistic analysis of combinatorial optimization algorithms and the construction of randomized algorithms for combinatorial problems. His current activities center around algorithmic methods in genomics and computer networking. He has supervised thirty-six Ph.D. dissertations. His honors and awards include the U.S. National Medal of Science, the Turing Award, the Kyoto Prize, the Fulkerson Prize, the Harvey Prize (Technion), Harvard University's Centennial Medal, the Lanchester Prize, the Von Neumann Theory Prize and Lectureship, the University of California, Berkeley's Distinguished Teaching Award and Miller Research Professorship, the Babbage Prize, and ten honorary degrees. He is a member of the U.S. National Academies of Sciences and Engineering, the American Philosophical Society and the French Academy of Sciences, and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the Association for Computing Machinery and the Institute for Operations Research and Management Science. | |
| 298 | Name: | Dr. Alfred Kastler | | | Year Elected: | 1976 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1902 | | | Death Date: | 1/7/84 | | | | |
| 299 | Name: | Dr. Charles D. Keeling | | | Institution: | Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego | | | Year Elected: | 2005 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 105. Physical Earth Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1928 | | | Death Date: | June 20, 2005 | | | | | | |
Dr. Charles D. Keeling has been associated with Scripps Institution of
Oceanography, University of California, San Diego since 1956. He has been
a professor of oceanography since 1968. Born in Scranton, Pennsylvania,
in April 1928, he received a B.A. degree in chemistry from the University
of Illinois in 1948 and a Ph.D. in chemistry from Northwestern University
in 1954. Prior to joining Scripps Institution, Dr. Keeling was a postdoctoral
fellow in geochemistry at the California Institute of Technology.
Keeling's major areas of interest include the geochemistry of carbon and
oxygen and other aspects of atmospheric chemistry, with an emphasis on the
carbon cycle in nature. He has promoted the study of complex relationships
between the carbon cycle and changes in climate. The Keeling record of the
increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide measured at Mauna Loa, Hawaii and at
other "pristine air" locations, represents an important time series data for
the study of global change. Keeling also has studied the role of oceans in
modulating the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide by carrying out
extremely accurate measurements of carbon dissolved in seawater.
Keeling and his colleagues also have undertaken significant efforts in global
carbon cycle modeling. As an example, in 1996, Keeling, with his colleagues at
Scripps, showed that the amplitude of the Northern Hemispheric seasonal cycle
in atmospheric carbon dioxide has been increasing, providing independent
support for the conclusion that the growing season in beginning earlier,
perhaps in response to global warming.
While at Scripps, Keeling has been a Guggenheim Fellow at the Meteorological
Institute, University of Stockholm, Sweden (1961-62), and a guest professor
at both the Second Physical Institute of the University of Heidelberg, Germany
(1969-70), and the Physical Institute of the University of Bern, Switzerland
(1979-80).
In 2002, President George W. Bush presented Keeling with the National Medal of
Science, the nation's highest award for lifetime achievement in scientific
research.
He is a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the American
Geophysical Union and the American Association for the Advancement of Sciences,
and a member of the National Academy of Sciences. He is the recipient of the
1980 Second Half Century Award of the American Meteorology Society and the Blue
Planet Prize awarded in 1993 by the Science Council of Japan. He received a
Special Achievement Award in 1997, presented by Vice President, Albert Gore,
the National Medal of Science in 2001, presented by President George Bush, and
the Tyler Prize for contributions to global environment science in 2005. | |
| 300 | Name: | Dr. Kenneth I. Kellermann | | | Institution: | National Radio Astronomy Observatory | | | Year Elected: | 1997 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 101. Astronomy | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1937 | | | | | | |
Dr. Kenneth I. Kellermann is a Senior Scientist at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory where he works on the study of radio galaxies, quasars and cosmology, on the development of new instrumentation for radio astronomy, and the history of radio astronomy. He also holds an appointment as a Research Professor at the University of Virginia and as an Outside Scientific member of the German Max Planck Society. Dr. Kellermann received his S.B. degree in physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1959 and his Ph. D. in physics and astronomy from Caltech in 1963. Following his Ph. D. he spent two years at the CSIRO Radiophysics Laboratory in Australia. Since 1965 he has been at NRAO except for extended leaves at Caltech as a Sherman Fairchild Distinguished Visitor, and in the Netherlands, Australia, and Germany. He has served as the Assistant Director at NRAO and as Director at the Max Planck Institute fur Radio Astronomy in Bonn, Germany. Dr. Kellermann is a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, a Foreign Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. He is a recipient of the Warner Prize of the American Astronomical Society, the Gould Prize of the National Academy of Sciences, and the Rumford Medal of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. He is a member of the International Astronomical Union, where he served as president of the Commission on Radio Astronomy, the American Astronomical Society, the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, and the Astronomical Society of Australia. He has served on the Council of the National Academy of Sciences and on the Board of Trustees of the North East Radio Astronomy Corporation. | |
| |