| | 41 | Name: | Dr. Lawrence D. Bobo | | | Institution: | Harvard University | | | Year Elected: | 2008 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 301. Anthropology, Demography, Psychology, and Sociology | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1958 | | | | | | |
Lawrence D. Bobo is the W. E. B. Du Bois Professor of the Social Sciences at Harvard University. He holds appointments in the Department of Sociology and the Department of African and African American Studies. His research focuses on the intersection of social inequality, politics, and race. Professor Bobo is an elected member of the National Academy of Science as well as a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He is a Guggenheim Fellow, an Alphonse M. Fletcher Sr. Fellow, a Fellow of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, and a Russell Sage Foundation Visiting Scholar. He has received research grants from the National Science Foundation, the Russell Sage Foundation, the Ford Foundation, and the Spencer Foundation. He has held tenured appointments in the sociology departments at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, the University of California, Los Angeles, and at Stanford University where he was Director of the Center for Comparative Studies in Race and Ethnicity. His research has appeared in the American Sociological Review, the American Journal of Sociology, Social Forces, the American Political Science Review, the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Social Psychology Quarterly, and Public Opinion Quarterly. He is a founding editor of the Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race published by Cambridge University Press. He is co-author of the award winning book Racial Attitudes in America: Trends and Interpretations (Harvard University Press, 1997, with H. Schuman, C. Steeh, and M. Krysan) and senior editor of Prismatic Metropolis: Inequality in Los Angeles (Russell Sage Foundation, 2000, with M. L. Oliver, J. H. Johnson, and A. Valenzuela). His most recent book Prejudice in Politics: Group Position, Public Opinion, and the Wisconsin Treaty Rights Dispute (Harvard University Press, 2006, with M. Tuan) was a finalist for 2007 C. Wright Mills Award. He is currently working on the "Race, Crime, and Public Opinion" project. Lawrence D. Bobo was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2008. | |
| 42 | Name: | Dr. Paul J. Bohannan | | | Institution: | University of Southern California | | | Year Elected: | 1970 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 301. Anthropology, Demography, Psychology, and Sociology | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1920 | | | Death Date: | July 13, 2007 | | | | |
| 43 | Name: | Herbert E. Bolton | | | Year Elected: | 1937 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1871 | | | Death Date: | 1/30/53 | | | | |
| 44 | Name: | James C. Bonbright | | | Year Elected: | 1946 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1891 | | | Death Date: | 11/10/85 | | | | |
| 45 | Name: | Dr. Daniel J. Boorstin | | | Institution: | Library of Congress | | | Year Elected: | 1981 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 303. History Since 1715 | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1914 | | | Death Date: | February 28, 2004 | | | | |
| 46 | Name: | Karl R. Bopp | | | Year Elected: | 1958 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1906 | | | Death Date: | 2/24/79 | | | | |
| 47 | Name: | Dr. Kenneth E. Boulding | | | Institution: | University of Colorado | | | Year Elected: | 1960 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 302. Economics | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1910 | | | Death Date: | 3/19/93 | | | | |
| 48 | Name: | Dr. William G. Bowen | | | Institution: | Andrew W. Mellon Foundation | | | Year Elected: | 1978 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 302. Economics | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1933 | | | Death Date: | October 20, 2016 | | | | | | |
William G. Bowen was president of the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation from 1988-2006. Previously he served as President of Princeton University from 1972-88, where he was also Professor of Economics and Public Affairs. A graduate of Denison University and Princeton University, he joined the Princeton faculty in 1958, specializing in labor economics, and served as provost there from 1967-72. In 1988 Dr. Bowen joined the Mellon Foundation, where his tenure was marked by increases in the scale of the foundation's activities, with annual appropriations now exceeding $180 million. To ensure that Mellon's grant-making activities would be better informed and more effective while also following his interest in studying questions central to higher education and philanthropy, he created an in-house research program to investigate doctoral education, collegiate admissions, independent research libraries and charitable nonprofits. Dr. Bowen's special interest in the application of information technology to scholarship has led to a range of initiatives including the foundation-sponsored creation of JSTOR (a searchable electronic archive of the full runs of core journals in many fields), the Mellon International Dunhuang Archive, ARTstor (a repository of high-quality digitized works of art and related materials for teaching and research) and Ithaka Harbors, Inc. (a new organization launched to help accelerate the adoption of productive and efficient uses of information technology for the benefit of the worldwide higher education community). Dr. Bowen was the author or co-author of 20 books, including most recently Equity and Excellence in American Higher Education. His other works include (with Sarah A. Levin) Reclaiming the Game: College Sports and Educational Values; The Game of Life: College Sports and Educational Values; (with Derek Bok) the Grawemeyer Award-winning The Shape of the River: Long-Term Consequences of Considering Race in College and University Admissions; and (with Neil L. Rudenstine) In Pursuit of the Ph.D. He was honored with the 2012 National Humanities Medal by President Obama. William G. Bowen died October 20, 2016, at age 83, at home in Princeton, New Jersey. | |
| 49 | Name: | Dr. Gordon H. Bower | | | Institution: | Stanford University | | | Year Elected: | 2004 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 305 | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1932 | | | Death Date: | June 17, 2020 | | | | | | |
After receiving his Ph.D. from Yale University in 1959, Gordon H. Bower was associated with Stanford University as an assistant, associate and full professor of psychology, chair of the psychology department and associate dean of humanities and science. He had been Albert Ray Long Professor of Psychology since 1975. Dr. Bower's career centered on memory, its nature and manipulation. He began with animal learning but soon moved to mathematical modeling and human experiments, where he successfully championed all-or-none learning models. Next came studies of the key role of linguistic chunking in creating and storing memories, which led into a series of foci including the nature of associative memory, the role of memory structures both in facilitating and distorting memory, the impact of emotional states on memories, and most recently on the narrative organization of memory. His contributions have been most significant and influential, in part through many first-rate students. Dr. Bower was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1973 and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences in 1975. He recently received the nation's highest honor in science: the 2005 National Medal of Science. | |
| 50 | Name: | Dr. Carl Bridenbaugh | | | Institution: | Brown University | | | Year Elected: | 1958 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 303. History Since 1715 | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1903 | | | Death Date: | 1/6/92 | | | | |
| 51 | Name: | Crane Brinton | | | Year Elected: | 1953 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1898 | | | Death Date: | 9/7/68 | | | | |
| 52 | Name: | C. F. Tucker Brooke | | | Year Elected: | 1938 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1883 | | | Death Date: | 6/[22-23]/46 | | | | |
| 53 | Name: | Dr. Jerome Bruner | | | Institution: | New York University | | | Year Elected: | 1982 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 301. Anthropology, Demography, Psychology, and Sociology | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1915 | | | Death Date: | June 5, 2016 | | | | | | |
Psychologist Jerome Bruner was a prolific contributor of original ideas and research findings on perception, cognition, attention, learning, memory and early language acquisition and problem solving in young children. Born in New York City and educated at Duke and Harvard Universities, he worked as a social psychologist during World War II before becoming a professor of psychology at Harvard and cofounder and director of the Center for Cognitive Studies. In the 1940s Dr. Bruner worked with Leo Postman to study the ways in which needs, motivations and expectations influence perception, and later in the 1950s he became interested in studying aspects of schooling in the United States. The result of this latter quest, the landmark book The Process of Education (1960), had a direct effect on American educational policy, as it portrayed young students as active problem solvers who were ready to explore difficult subjects. Dr. Bruner developed his theory of cognitive growth throughout the 1960s and went on to become a professor of experimental psychology at Oxford University, where he began a series of explorations of children's language. He returned to Harvard University in 1979 and two years later joined the faculty of the School for Social Research in New York. He turned his attention to cultural psychology in later years, most significantly in his 1996 book The Culture of Education. Since 1986 he worked on cultural-psychological foundations of the law and teaching at the New York University School of Law, where he was University Professor. Jerome Bruner died June 5, 2016, at age 100, in Manhattan, New York. | |
| 54 | Name: | Dr. Diana L. Kormos Buchwald | | | Institution: | California Institute of Technology | | | Year Elected: | 2021 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 303. History Since 1715 | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1956 | | | | | | |
Diana Kormos Buchwald is the Robert M. Abbey Professor of History at the California Institute of Technology and is married to Jed Z. Buchwald (APS 2011), the Doris and Henry Dreyfuss Professor of History, also at Caltech. She is the Director of the Einstein Papers Project and General Editor of The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein. Under her leadership, the project has published nine volumes with Princeton University Press, in both the original language and in English translation (17 volumes). This ongoing research effort is aimed at making available in print and online Einstein’s massive written legacy, which ranges from his work on the special and general theories of relativity and the origins of quantum theory, to his active involvement with international collaboration and cooperation, human rights, education, and disarmament. More than 10,000 documents have been made available so far. Diana Kormos Buchwald was trained in physical chemistry at the Technion Institute (BSc ’81) and the University of Tel Aviv (MSc ’83) before turning to the study of the history of modern science at Harvard University (Ph.D. ’90). She specializes in 19th and 20th century history of physical sciences, scientific institutions, instruments, and interdisciplinarity. She is a fellow of the AAAS, the American Physical Society, and has been a member of the Institute for Advanced Study, the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science, and the Internationales Forschungszentrum Kulturwissenschaften, Vienna. She has recently joined the Advisory Board of the Global Observatory on Academic Freedom. | |
| 55 | Name: | Ralph J. Bunche | | | Year Elected: | 1950 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1904 | | | Death Date: | 12/9/71 | | | | |
| 56 | Name: | Warren R. Burgess | | | Year Elected: | 1942 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1889 | | | Death Date: | 9/16/78 | | | | |
| 57 | Name: | Dr. Arthur F. Burns | | | Year Elected: | 1947 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 302. Economics | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1904 | | | Death Date: | 6/26/87 | | | | |
| 58 | Name: | Dr. James MacGregor Burns | | | Institution: | Williams College & University of Richmond | | | Year Elected: | 1971 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 304. Jurisprudence and Political Science | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1918 | | | Death Date: | July 15, 2014 | | | | | | |
James MacGregor Burns was a Pulitzer Prize-winning Presidential biographer, a pioneer in the study of leadership, and a senior scholar at the Academy of Leadership at the University of Maryland that bears his name. He was also a Senior Scholar at the Jepson School of Leadership at the University of Richmond. Author of more than a dozen books, Dr. Burns devoted his professional life to the study of leadership in American political life. His books include Packing the Court: Judicial Leadership on Trial (2009),The Three Roosevelts: Patrician Leaders Who Transformed America , with Susan Dunn (2001), Dead Center: Clinton-Gore Leadership and the Perils of Moderation , with Georgia Sorenson (1999). Dr. Burns won the Pulitzer Prize and the National Book Award for his biographies Roosevelt: The Lion and the Fox (1956) and Roosevelt: The Soldier of Freedom (1970). His book Leadership (1978) is still considered the seminal work in the field of leadership studies, and his theory on transformational leadership has been the basis of more than 400 doctoral dissertations. Dr. Burns received his doctorate in political science from Harvard University, attended the London School of Economics and taught at Williams College. He was a Democratic nominee for the 1st Congressional District of Massachusetts in 1958 and also served as a delegate to four Democratic National Conventions. While in the military, he served as combat historian in the Pacific Theater from 1943-46 and was awarded the Bronze Star and four Battle Stars. Dr. Burns is a former president of the American Political Science Association, former president of the International Society of Political Psychology and former chair of the Berkshire Country Commission Against Discrimination. James MacGregor Burns died July 15, 2014, at the age of 95 in Williamstown, Massachusetts. | |
| 59 | Name: | The Honorable Guido Calabresi | | | Institution: | U.S. Court of Appeals & Yale Law School | | | Year Elected: | 1997 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 304. Jurisprudence and Political Science | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1932 | | | | | | |
Guido Calabresi came to the United States in 1939 with his parents, who left Italy to escape Fascism. After a productive career as a scholar, he became Dean of the Yale Law School in 1985 and a judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals in 1994. A scholar with pronounced administrative abilities, he began teaching at Yale in 1959; he remains Sterling Professor of Law Emeritus and Professorial Lecturer in Law. Known as a true humanist, Judge Calabresi is recognized as one of the founding fathers of law and economics. His two most seminal contributions to the field are the application of economics to tort law and a legal interpretation of the Coase theorem. His major publications include The Costs of Accidents: A Legal and Economic Analysis (1970) and (with D. Melamed) Property Rules, Liability Rules and Inalienability: One View of the Cathedral (1972). Judge Calabresi holds B.A. and M.A. degrees from Oxford University and B.S. and LL.B. degrees from Yale. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences. | |
| 60 | Name: | Dr. Craig Calhoun | | | Institution: | Arizona State University | | | Year Elected: | 2012 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 301. Anthropology, Demography, Psychology, and Sociology | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1952 | | | | | | |
Craig Calhoun is University Professor of Social Sciences at Arizona State University. He had served as President of the Social Science Research Council from 1999 to 2012, while also University Professor of Social Sciences and Director of the Institute of Public Knowledge at New York University. From 2012 to 2016, he was Director of the London School of Economics and Social Science, after which he was President of the Beggruen Institute from 2016 until 2018. Calhoun received his doctorate from Oxford University and has also been a professor and dean at the University of North Carolina and a visiting professor in Asmara, Beijing, Khartoum, Oslo, Paris, and Berlin.
Under Calhoun’s leadership, the SSRC initiated major projects on public social science, global security and cooperation, gender and conflict, digital media and learning, the privatization of risk, religion and the public sphere, intellectual property rights, humanitarian emergences, HIV/AIDS, the social sciences in Africa, trans-regional integration in Asia, and a range of other issues. It has also substantially increased the number of fellowships it offers annually.
As an individual scholar Calhoun has done research on a variety of themes in historical sociology, political economy, social movements, social theory, and the history of social sciences. His publications include The Roots of Radicalism: Tradition, the Public Sphere, and Early 19th Century Social Movements (Chicago 2012), Nations Matter: Culture, History, and the Cosmopolitan Dream (Routledge 2007), Nationalism (Minnesota 1997), Critical Social Theory: Culture, History and the Problem of Specificity (Blackwell, 1995), and Neither Gods Nor Emperors: Students and the Struggle for Democracy in China (California 1994). Calhoun edited a three-volume collection, Possible Futures (NYU 2011), which explores the impact of financial crisis, the challenges of global governance addressing issues from war to climate change, and the future of development. | |
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