| | 21 | Name: | Sir Raymond W. Firth | | | Institution: | University of London | | | Year Elected: | 1965 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 301. Anthropology, Demography, Psychology, and Sociology | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1901 | | | Death Date: | February 22, 2002 | | | | |
| 22 | Name: | Dr. Wolfram Fischer | | | Institution: | Freie Universitat, Berlin | | | Year Elected: | 1995 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 303. History Since 1715 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1928 | | | Death Date: | 04/28/2024 | | | | | | |
Wolfram Fischer is a leading economic historian who has published important works on 19th- and 20th-century economic and social history. His subjects have included the history of crafts and unions in Germany; the history of corporations in the industrial world; and European depression and inflation. As head of the Berlin Historical Commission, he supervised the voluminous publications of the commission, including its yearbook and series on the history of the German labor movement and the history of Jews and anti-semitism in Central and Eastern Europe. Dr. Fischer became Professor of Economic and Social History at the Freie Universitat, Berlin, in 1964, and he has also served as a visiting professor at Stanford and Georgetown Universities and as a fellow at the Center for Advanced Study at Stanford, the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton, and the Woodrow Wilson Center in Washington, D.C. He received his D. Phil. from Tubingen University in 1951. Author of 12 monographs, including German Economic Policy, 1918-1945 (1968) and Poverty in History (1982), he has also edited over 20 volumes and series on subjects from industrialization to the history of statistics. | |
| 23 | Name: | Prof. François Furet | | | Institution: | Centre de Recherches Politiques Raymond Aron | | | Year Elected: | 1989 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 303. History Since 1715 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1927 | | | Death Date: | 7/12/97 | | | | |
| 24 | Name: | Dr. Gerd Gigerenzer | | | Institution: | Max Planck Institute for Human Development | | | Year Elected: | 2016 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 305 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1947 | | | | | | |
Gerd Gigerenzer is Director at the Max Planck Institute for Human Development and Director of the Harding Center for Risk Literacy in Berlin. He is former Professor of Psychology at the University of Chicago and John M. Olin Distinguished Visiting Professor, School of Law at the University of Virginia. He is also Member of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences, the German Academy of Sciences, and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, and Batten Fellow at the Darden Business School, University of Virginia. He received honorary doctorates from the University of Basel and the Open University of the Netherlands. Awards for his work include the AAAS Prize for the best article in the behavioral sciences, the Association of American Publishers Prize for the best book in the social and behavioral sciences, the German Psychology Award and the Communicator Award of the German Research Foundation. His award-winning popular books Calculated Risks, Gut Feelings: The Intelligence of the Unconscious, and Risk Savvy: How to make good decisions have been translated into 21 languages. His academic books include Simple Heuristics That Make Us Smart, Rationality for Mortals, Simply Rational, and Bounded Rationality (with Reinhard Selten, a Nobel Laureate in economics). In Better Doctors, Better Patients, Better Decisions (with Sir Muir Gray) he shows how better informed doctors and patients can improve healthcare while reducing costs. Together with the Bank of England, he works on the project "Simple heuristics for a safer world." Gigerenzer has trained U.S. Federal Judges, German physicians, and top managers in decision-making and understanding risks and uncertainties. | |
| 25 | Name: | Sir John Habakkuk | | | Institution: | University of Wales & All Souls College, Oxford | | | Year Elected: | 1966 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 303. History Since 1715 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1915 | | | Death Date: | November 3, 2002 | | | | |
| 26 | Name: | His Excellency, Svante Lindqvist | | | Institution: | The Royal Court, Sweden | | | Year Elected: | 2013 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 303. History Since 1715 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1948 | | | | | | |
Svante Lindqvist (b. 1948) is Marshal of the Realm (riksmarskalk) to the Swedish Royal Court, having assumed the position on January 1, 2010. Prior to that, he was founding Director of the Nobel Museum, 1998-2009. Previously he held a chair as Professor of History of Technology at the Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, where he established and became Chairman of its Department for History of Science and Technology. He has a M.Sc.Eng. (Physics) from the Royal Institute of Technology (1977) and a Ph.D. in History of Science and Ideas from Uppsala University (1984). He was a Visiting Scholar in the Office for History of Science and Technology at the University of California, Berkeley, during the academic year 1986-1987, and a Visiting Professor in the Department for History and Sociology of Science at the University of Pennsylvania during the fall semester of 1992. During the academic year 1995-96, he was an Overseas Fellow at Churchill College, Cambridge. In the fall of 2003, he was a Visiting Professor in the STS Program at MIT. In 2011, he received an honorary doctorate from Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST).
Since its conception in 1998, the Nobel Museum was developed into a research-oriented multi-faceted institution with a constantly growing attendance, staffed research library, an active school outreach program, as well as research seminars and public lectures. The museum has engaged in producing and sending large traveling exhibitions abroad. Its first traveling exhibition "Cultures of Creativity" visited 14 venues during the period 2001-2007: Oslo, Tokyo, Seoul, Houston, Chicago, Kuala Lumpur, Florence, San Francisco, New York, London, Bangalore, Singapore, Sydney, and Abu Dhabi. The Nobel Museum’s traveling exhibition "Alfred Nobel: Networks of Innovation" opened in Dubai in the spring of 2008, and was shown in Paris during the fall of 2008. In the spring of 2009, it visited St. Petersburg.
Svante Lindqvist’s dissertation, Technology on Trial: The Introduction of Steam Power Technology into Sweden, 1715-1736, Uppsala Studies in History of Science, 1 (Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell International, 1984), was awarded three national prizes, including the Letterstedt Prize by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1985. Subsequent publications include an edited volume in 1993, Center on the Periphery: Historical Aspects of 20th-Century Swedish Physics (Canton, Mass.: Science History Publications, 1993) and another one in 2000, Museums of Modern Science, Nobel Symposium 112. In 2008, he was a co-editor of Research and Museums: Proceedings of An International Symposium in Stockholm 22-25 May 2007, as well as of Aurora Torealis: Studies in the History of Science and Ideas in Honor of Tore Frängsmyr. Most recently he published: Changes in the Technological Landscape: Essays in the History of Science and Technology (Sagamore Beach:Mass.: Science History Publications, 2011).
He has been a member of the Kuratorium (1992-2008) and the Wissenschaftlichen Beirats (1998-2008) of the Deutsches Museum, München. During the period 1991-1999, he was on the Advisory Committee for the history project at the European Space Agency (ESA), Paris, and in 1996-2004 a member of the Corporation Visiting Committee for the Humanities at MIT, Cambridge, Mass. In 2008-2009, he was a member of the International Advisory Board of the Medical Museion in Copenhagen. A member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences (1992), the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (1994) and the Royal Swedish Academy of Letters, History and Antiquities (2002). He was elected President of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and served for a three-year term, 2009-2012. In 2010, he was awarded the Leonardo da Vinci Medal for lifetime achievement from the Society for the History of Technology. In 2011, he was elected a foreign member of the Korean Academy of Science and Technology. Svante Lindqvist was elected an international member of the American Philosophical Society in 2013. | |
| 27 | Name: | Dr. Desmond King | | | Institution: | University of Oxford | | | Year Elected: | 2022 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 304. Jurisprudence and Political Science | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1957 | | | | | | |
Desmond King is the Andrew W Mellon Professor of American Government at the University of Oxford, a Fellow of Nuffield College, and an Emeritus Fellow of St John’s College, Oxford. He is a leading scholar of the executive and federal government in US politics, racial inequality, immigration, illiberal forms of government policy often studied comparatively and the politics of social citizenship. His work is both normative and empirical. Drawing on new archival work, his books have documented how the federal government’s employment policies fostered segregation of African Americans in the century to 1975, and the extent to which the US’s founding institutions facilitated persistent discrimination. Subsequent empirical research studies federal responses to the financial crisis of 2008-09 and the rise of unitary executive theory. Professor King was born and educated in Ireland, where he graduated from Trinity College, Dublin. After graduate studies at Northwestern University he held lectureships at the University of Edinburgh and the London School of Economics and Political Science before moving to Oxford University. His publications include Separate and Unequal: African Americans and the US Federal Government (1995/2007), Actively Seeking Work: The Politics of Workfare in the US and Britain (1995), In the Name of Liberalism: Illiberal Social Policy in the US and Britain (1999), Making Americans: Immigration, Race and the Origins of the Diverse Democracy (2000), with Rogers M. Smith Still a House Divided: Race and Politics in Obama’s America (2011), with Lawrence Jacobs Fed Power: How Finance Wins (2016), and with Stephen Skowronek and John Dearborn, Phantoms of a Beleaguered Republic: The Deep State and the Unitary Executive (2021). He was awarded a DLitt by Oxford in 2015, and he was elected a Fellow of the British Academy in 2003, the Royal Irish Academy in 2014, the Royal Historical Society in 2015, the Academia Europaea in 2016, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2017. | |
| 28 | Name: | Dr. Ron Lesthaeghe | | | Institution: | Vrije Universiteit, Brussels | | | Year Elected: | 2014 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 301. Anthropology, Demography, Psychology, and Sociology | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1945 | | | | | | |
Ron J. Lesthaeghe (born 1945) earned his license degree (1967) and his PhD (1970) in the Social Sciences at the University of Ghent, and obtained his MA in Sociology (1968) from Brown University. He has been a research associate at the Office of Population Research at Princeton University (1971-73), and worked for the Population Council as regional representative for West and Central Africa (1975-76). Since 1971 he has been lecturer and then professor of Demography and Social Science Methodology at the Free University of Brussels (VUB). From 1988 to 1991 he was Dean of the faculty of economics, sociology and political science at that university. Emeritus at the VUB since 2005.
He has been awarded visiting professorships at the Institut des Sciences Politiques de Paris (Colson Chair, 1989-93), the Université Catholique de Louvain (Leclercq Chair, 1996-97), at the University of Antwerp (Belgian Franqui Chair, 1999-2000), and at Harvard University (Erasmus Chair, 2001-02). He is a member of both the Belgian and the Dutch Academies of Science. Served on the Fachbeirat of the Max Planck Institut für Demografie in Rostock, Germany (1999-2004). In 2003 he received the Irene Taueber Award of the Population Association of America (PAA) and the Office of Population Research of Princeton University. Ranked 10th among the most influential demographers in the period 1950-2000 by 637 colleagues responding in CICRED demographers survey (Chasteland et al., 2004). Recipient in 2005 of the quinquenial Ernest-John Solvay Prize of the FWO (highest Belgian Natl. Science Foundation award in the social sciences and humanities). Received the 2008 Life Time Award from the International Union of the Scientific Study of Population (IUSSP). Visiting Professor at the Departments of Sociology/Population Studies Centers of the Universities of Michigan (Ann Arbor) and of California (Irvine).
Since 2010, Ron has been a regular visitor at the Centre d'Estudis Demografics (CED) at the Autonoma university in Barcelona, where he has been collaborating on the project concerning the rise of unmarried cohabitation in the Americas. In 2014, he was elected as foreign member of the American Philosophical Society in Philadelphia, and of the US National Academy of Sciences in Washington D.C. (Class 53 - Social & Political Sciences).
Most of his research has been in the various sub-fields of demography: historical, social and economic, and mainly covering populations of Europe and of sub-Saharan Africa. He has also done research in the fields of cultural change in Europe and of ethnic minorities studies. His published work includes books on "The decline of Belgian Fertility" (1977, Princeton Univ. Press), "Child-spacing in Tropical Africa" (1981, Academic Press), "Production and Reproduction in Sub-Sahara Africa" (1989, University of California Press), "Communities and Generations - Turkish and Moroccan Populations in Belgium" (2000,VUB-Press). He edited "Meaning and Choice: Values Orientations and Life Course Decisions" which brings together the results of longitudinal surveys conducted in the US and Western Europe (2002, Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute, The Hague). He is also editor and co-author of a number of books in Dutch such as: "Demografische Alternatieven voor België" (De Sikkel, 1979), "Diversiteit in Sociale Verandering - Turkse en Marokkaanse Vrouwen in België", (1997, VUB-Press), and "Eerst Optellen, dan Delen - Demografie, Economie en Sociale Zekerheid" (Garant, 1998). | |
| 29 | Name: | Dr. Willem J. M. Levelt | | | Institution: | Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences; Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics; Nijmegen University | | | Year Elected: | 2004 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 305 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1938 | | | | | | |
Willem "Pim" Levelt's own research and his strong intellectual leadership of the Max Planck Institute made it the leading center in the world for psycholinguistic research. He served at its Director 1980-2006. Dr. Levelt's work on lexical access in speech production and related topics is outstanding. His 1989 book, Speaking, and his many research articles on all aspects of speech production have brought him recognition as one of the world's leading psycholinguists. He has, in addition, played a broad and important role in the organization and development of Dutch social sciences. Recognition of this fact is evident in his election as president of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts & Sciences, which he served 2002-2005. | |
| 30 | Name: | Professor Claude Levi-Strauss | | | Institution: | Collège de France | | | Year Elected: | 1960 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 301. Anthropology, Demography, Psychology, and Sociology | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1908 | | | Death Date: | October 30, 2009 | | | | | | |
French anthropologist Claude Lévi-Strauss is best known for his development of structural anthropology. Born in Brussels in 1908, he studied law and philosophy at the Sorbonne, and after a few years of teaching secondary school, in 1935 he became part of a French cultural mission to Brazil during which he served as a visiting professor at the University of Sao Paulo. During this time he carried out his first ethnographic fieldwork, conducting periodic research forays into the Mato Grosso and the Amazon rainforest, studying the indigineous Guaycuru and Bororo tribes and living among them for a while. Several years later, he returned to study the Nambikwara and Tupi-Kawahib societies, an experience that cemented Lévi-Strauss's professional identity as an anthropologist. He returned to France in 1939 but moved soon after to New York City to escape the Nazis. The war years in New York were formative for Lévi-Strauss in several ways, as his relationship with Roman Jakobson helped shape his theoretical outlook, and he was also exposed to the American anthropology espoused by Franz Boas. Levi-Strauss returned to Paris in 1948, receiving his doctorate from the Sorbonne and submitting both a "major" and a "minor" thesis: The Family and Social Life of the Nambikwara Indians and The Elementary Structures of Kinship. The latter was soon published and instantly came to be regarded as one of the most important works of anthropological kinship. Examining the logical structures that underlay relationships rather than their contents, Levi-Strauss argued that kinship was based on the alliance between two families that formed when women from one group married men from the other. Simone de Beauvoir gave the work a favorable review and saw it as an important statement on the position of women in non-Western cultures. Throughout the late 1940s and early 1950s, Lévi-Strauss continued to publish and became involved with the administration of the CNRS and the Musee de l'Homme before finally becoming chair of fifth section of the Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, which he renamed "Comparative Religion of Non-Literate Peoples". While Lévi-Strauss was well-known in academic circles, it was in 1955 that he became one of France's best known intellectuals by publishing Tristes Tropiques. Essentially a travel novel, the book detailed his time as a French expatriate throughout the 1930s, combining exquisitely beautiful prose, dazzling philosophical meditation and ethnographic analysis of Amazonian peoples. In 1959 Lévi-Strauss was named to a chair in Social Anthropology at the Collège de France, and at roughly the same time he published Structural Anthropology, a collection of essays which provided both examples and programmatic statements about structuralism. At the same time as he was laying the groundwork for an intellectual program, he began a series of institutions for establishing anthropology as a discipline in France, including the Laboratory for Social Anthropology where new students could be trained, and a new journal, l'Homme, for publishing the results of their research. In 1962 Lévi-Strauss published what is for many people his most important work, La Pensée Sauvage, which concerns primitive thought, forms of thought we all use. The first half of the book lays out Lévi-Strauss's theory of culture and mind, while the second half expands this account into a theory of history and social change. This part of the book engaged Lévi-Strauss in a heated debate with Jean-Paul Sartre over the nature of human freedom. Now a world-wide celebrity, Lévi-Strauss spent the second half of the 1960s working on his master project, a four-volume study called Mythologiques. In it, Lévi-Strauss took a single myth from the tip of South America and followed all of its variations from group to group up through Central America and eventually into the Arctic Circle, thus tracing the myth's spread from one end of the American continent to the other. He accomplished this in a typically structuralist way, examining the underlying structure of relationships between the elements of the story rather than by focusing on the content of the story itself. After completing the final volume of Mythologique in 1971 Lévi-Strauss was elected to the Academie Française, France's highest honor for an intellectual, in 1973. He was also a member of other notable academies, including the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. He has received the Erasmus Prize and the Meister-Eckhart-Prize for Philosophy and was a recipient of the Grand-croix de la Legion d'honneur. Claude Lévi-Strauss died in Paris on October 30, 2009, at age 100. He was Professor Emeritus at the Collège de France. | |
| 31 | Name: | Dr. Massimo Livi-Bacci | | | Institution: | University of Florence | | | Year Elected: | 2004 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 301. Anthropology, Demography, Psychology, and Sociology | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1936 | | | | | | |
Massimo Livi-Bacci is a leading demographic historian. He has written the fundamental demographic histories of both Italy and Portugal, using province-level records of vital statistics and censuses. In The Population of Europe: A History he has produced a masterful synthesis of European demographic history, one that emphasizes the exogenous role of disease. His Concise History of World Population encapsulates the vast sweep of human demographic history in a graceful way that does justice to the subject's complexity. Dr. Livi-Bacci has contributed important analytic papers on the social reaction to mortality crises in Italy, the demographic response to Columbus' arrival in Hispaniola, and other subjects. Since 1984 he has been Professor of Demography, Faculty of Political Science "Cesare Alfieri," at the University of Florence. | |
| 32 | Name: | Dr. Jacques Mehler | | | Institution: | SISSA-International School for Advanced Studies | | | Year Elected: | 2009 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 305 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1936 | | | Death Date: | February 11, 2020 | | | | | | |
Jacques Mehler investigates language processing and language acquisition in the first year of life. After having explored processing in speakers of various languages he proposed that syllables play a salient role in speech perception. More recently he devoted his investigations to explore properties of speech signals that could act as triggers of mechanisms that allow infants to bootstrap into language. His group has found that the rhythmic-class of the native language is computed by humans even a few days after birth. Human neonates distinguish when a language switch involves a change in rhythmic-class. His group is now adopting non-invasive brain-imaging methods to complement previously obtained behavioral measures with neonates. He has investigated why it is that the human brain/mind system acquires natural languages with greatest facility at a young age. He has also explored the consequences of continuous exposure to two languages during the first year of life.
In 1964 he obtained a Ph.D. from Harvard University. He worked at CNRS (Paris, France) from 1967 until 2001. He became Directeur de Recherche at CNRS in 1980 and he was elected Directeur d'Études at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales in 1982. In 1972 he founded "Cognition," International Journal of Cognitive Science, acting as Editor-in-Chief until 2007. In 2001 he moved to SISSA (International School for Advanced Studies, Trieste, Italy) where he directs the Language, Cognition and Development laboratory.
He is a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences (2001) and of the Academia Europaea. He was awarded a Doctor Honoris Causa from Université Libre de Bruxelles (1995) and from University and Politechnic of Torino (2009). He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2009.
His publications are available at http://www.sissa.it/cns/lcd/publications.htm. | |
| 33 | Name: | Professor Stroud F. C. Milsom | | | Institution: | University of Cambridge & St. John's College | | | Year Elected: | 1984 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 304. Jurisprudence and Political Science | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1923 | | | Death Date: | February 24, 2016 | | | | | | |
A learned and highly original legal historian, Stroud F.C. Milsom is a fellow of St. John's College and professor emeritus of law at Cambridge University, where he has taught since 1976. Educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, he was called to the bar in 1947 and since that time has served as fellow and lecturer at Trinity College (1948-55); fellow, tutor and dean at New College, Oxford (1956-64); professor of legal history at the University of London (1964-76); and literary director of the Selden Society (1964-80). Mr. Milsom has also held frequent visiting lectureships at American universities, including Yale, Harvard and New York Universities. His book Historical Foundations of the Common Law (1976) is considered a classic and perhaps the finest work on English legal history since Maitland. | |
| 34 | Name: | Ms. Ida Nicolaisen | | | Institution: | Nordic Institute of Asian Studies & Carlsberg Foundation's Nomad Research Project | | | Year Elected: | 1999 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 301. Anthropology, Demography, Psychology, and Sociology | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1940 | | | | | | |
Ida Nicolaisen is one of the most distinguished social anthropologists in Denmark today. In addition to her scientific studies, she is active in promoting environmental research in developing countries. The work for which she is best known relates to Malaysia. She has conducted fieldwork among the Punan Bah, in Sarawak, heads the Carlsberg Foundation's Nomad Research Project, and took the initiative in the building of a traditional sewn longboat by a Punan Bah man at the Viking Ship Museum in Denmark, as well as the erection of two remarkable totem poles at the National Museum. In addition to Malaysia, she has done fieldwork in the Philippines, Greenland, Niger, Chad, and Norway, and speaks many foreign languages, including Punan Bah. She is the editor of the multivolumed Danish Nomad Research publications. Her contributions are classical and have earned her an international reputation. Dr. Nicolaisen was the first woman to give the Annual Celebration at the University of Copenhagen (after 510 years). She is a Knight of the Order of Danneburg (Denmark), a member of the Royal Danish Academy of Arts and Sciences and Senior Research Fellow at the Nordic Institute of Asian Studies. | |
| 35 | Name: | Dr. Thomas Piketty | | | Institution: | École des hautes études en sciences socials; Paris School of Economics | | | Year Elected: | 2015 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 302. Economics | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1971 | | | | | | |
Thomas Piketty is the author of numerous articles published in journals such as the Quarterly Journal of Economics, the Journal of Political Economy, the American Economic Review and the Review of Economic Studies, and of a dozen books. He has done major historical and theoretical work on the interplay between economic development and the distribution of income and wealth. In particular, he is the initiator of the recent literature on the long run evolution of top income shares in national income (now available in the World Top Incomes Database). He is also the author of Capital in the 21st Century. These works have led to radically question the optimistic relationship between development and inequality posited by Kuznets, and to emphasize the role of political and fiscal institutions in the historical evolution of income and wealth distribution. | |
| 36 | Name: | Dr. Jeroen G. W. Raaijmakers | | | Institution: | University of Amsterdam | | | Year Elected: | 2012 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 305 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1952 | | | | | | |
Jeroen G.W. Raaijmakers received his Ph.D. from the University of Nijmegen in 1979. In collaboration with Richard M. Shiffrin, he developed a new model (SAM, for Search of Associative Memory) for retrieval from long-term memory that gave a quantitative description of search processes in memory. Key features of the model were a precise description of the effects of combining several retrieval cues and the role of context in retrieval from memory. Over the past 30 years the model has been successfully applied to explain a large number of empirical phenomena and is generally considered as one of the most encompassing models of human memory and a standard in current memory research. In 1985, Dr. Raaijmakers moved to the TNO Institute for Perception (now called TNO Human Factors) to set up a new group on Applied Cognitive Psychology, focusing on knowledge systems and human decision making. In 1992, Dr. Raaijmakers became (full) professor in Cognitive Psychology at the University of Amsterdam. One of the activities there was the creation of a new interuniversity Graduate Program in Experimental Psychology. In 1993, the Graduate Research Institute for Experimental Psychology EPOS was formed with Dr. Raaijmakers as its first director. Between 2006 and 2010, Dr. Raaijmakers was director of the Cognitive Science Center Amsterdam, focusing on the stimulation of interdisciplinary research in Cognitive Science by bringing together researchers from neurobiology, cognitive psychology, linguistics, behavioral economics and information science to work on common issues in human (and animal) cognition. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2012. He was elected to the American Academy of Arts & Sciences in 2017 | |
| 37 | Name: | Lionel Charles Robbins | | | Year Elected: | 1955 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1898 | | | Death Date: | 5/15/84 | | | | |
| 38 | Name: | Professor Sir Adam Roberts | | | Institution: | University of Oxford | | | Year Elected: | 2013 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 304. Jurisprudence and Political Science | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1940 | | | | | | |
Sir Adam Roberts, Emeritus Professor of International Relations at Oxford University, specializes in international security, international organizations, and international law, including the laws of war. He has also worked on the role of civil resistance against oppressive regimes and foreign rule, and on the history of thought about international relations.
He was born in Penrith, England, on 29 August 1940. He studied Modern History at Oxford University, where he won the Stanhope Historical Essay Prize in 1961 and was awarded a B.A. degree in 1962. His main academic jobs have been: Lecturer in International Relations at the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), 1968-81; Alastair Buchan Reader in International Relations at Oxford University, and Fellow of St Antony’s College, 1981-86; Montague Burton Professor of International Relations at Oxford University, and Fellow of Balliol College, 1986-2007. He has held visiting appointments at New York University, Tokyo University, the Diplomatic Academy of Vienna and the Woodrow Wilson Center for Scholars in Washington DC.
He was a Member of the Council, Chatham House (Royal Institute of International Affairs), London, 1985-91; Governor, Ditchley Foundation, 2001-11; Member of the Council, International Institute for Strategic Studies, London, 2002-08; and Member of the UK Council for Science and Technology, 2010-13. He has been a Member, UK Defence Academy Advisory Board, since 2003. In 1990 he was elected Fellow of the British Academy (FBA), and 2009 to July 2013 was President of the British Academy.
In 2002 he was appointed Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG), ‘for services to the study and practice of international relations’. He is an Honorary Fellow of LSE and of St Antony’s College, Oxford, and a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He has honorary degrees from King’s College London (2010), Aberdeen University (2012), and Aoyama Gakuin University, Tokyo (2013). Adam Roberts was elected an international member of the American Philosophical Society in 2013.
His numerous publications (many jointly authored or edited) include The Strategy of Civilian Defence: Non-violent Resistance to Aggression (1967); Czechoslovakia 1968: Reform, Repression and Resistance (1969); Nations in Arms: The Theory and Practice of Territorial Defence (2nd edn., 1986); Documents on the Laws of War (3rd edn., 2000); United Nations, Divided World: The UN’s Roles in International Relations (2nd edn., 1993); Hugo Grotius and International Relations (1990); The United Nations Security Council and War: The Evolution of Thought and Practice since 1945 (2008); Civil Resistance and Power Politics: The Experience of Non-violent Action from Gandhi to the Present (2009); and Democracy, Sovereignty and Terror: Lakshman Kadirgamar on the Foundations of International Order (2012). He has published articles in numerous journals, including American Journal of International Law, British Year Book of International Law, International Affairs, International Security, Survival, and The Times Literary Supplement. He has also given expert evidence to several parliamentary and judicial inquiries.
He is married with two grown-up children, and lives in Oxford. His interests include mountaineering and cycling. | |
| 39 | Name: | Dr. Emma Rothschild | | | Institution: | Harvard University | | | Year Elected: | 2002 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 302. Economics | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1948 | | | | | | |
Emma Rothschild received an M.A. at Oxford University in 1967 and was associate professor of humanities and associate professor of science, technology and society at Massachusetts Institute of Technology for ten years. She was a Fellow of King's College in Cambridge and the director of its Centre for History and Economics 1991-2007. She moved to Harvard University in the summer of 2007 where she is now a professor of history. Among the leading historians of the Enlightenment, Dr. Rothschild's scholarly work focuses on the history of European economic ideas. She established herself as one of the most important writers on economics and technology when she published her first book, Paradise Lost: The Decline of the Auto-Industrial Age (1973), in which she foretold the decline of the American auto industry by tracking the history of its rise and fall. Dr. Rothschild's other books include Science and Technology in the New Socio-Economic Context (1981) and Economic Sentiments: Adam Smith, Condorcet and the Enlightenment (2001). In the latter, which established her as one of the leading historians of the Enlightenment period, Dr. Rothschild explored misunderstandings of early and modern theorists of free trade with regard to the belief that economic order would arise out of an unregulated environment. More than many other scholars of economic thought, she has shown the wide range of ideas that Smith produced, revealing the many sides of his analysis of the world economy. Over the last 25 years Dr. Rothschild has served on numerous boards and committees in academia, research, and public policy in the United Kingdom and the world at large. She is also co-editor of The Rise and Fall of Historical Political Economy. Her current projects include a short book on anxiety and colonial administration in France; "The Inner Life of Empires," about an adventurous family in 18th-century Scotland; and a book about the East India Company and the American Revolution. Emma Rothschild was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2002. | |
| 40 | Name: | Prof. Alfred L. Sauvy | | | Year Elected: | 1974 | | | Class: | 3. Social Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 302. Economics | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1898 | | | Death Date: | 10/30/90 | | | | |
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