Subdivision
| • | 101. Astronomy |
(15)
| | • | 102. Chemistry and Chemical Biochemistry |
(27)
| | • | 103. Engineering |
(3)
| | • | 104. Mathematics |
(14)
| | • | 105. Physical Earth Sciences |
(7)
| | • | 106. Physics |
(26)
| | • | 107 |
(1)
| | • | 200 |
(2)
| | • | 201. Molecular Biology and Biochemistry |
(12)
| | • | 202. Cellular and Developmental Biology |
(8)
| | • | 203. Evolution & Ecology, Systematics, Population Genetics, Paleontology, and Physical Anthropology |
(12)
| | • | 204. Medicine, Surgery, Pathology and Immunology |
(13)
| | • | 205. Microbiology |
(9)
| | • | 206. Physiology, Biophysics, and Pharmacology |
(7)
| | • | 207. Genetics |
(1)
| | • | 208. Plant Sciences |
(6)
| | • | 209. Neurobiology |
(9)
| | • | 210. Behavioral Biology, Psychology, Ethology, and Animal Behavior |
(5)
| | • | 301. Anthropology, Demography, Psychology, and Sociology |
(12)
| | • | 302. Economics |
(12)
| | • | 303. History Since 1715 |
(11)
| | • | 304. Jurisprudence and Political Science |
(6)
| | • | 305 |
(7)
| | • | 401. Archaeology |
(19)
| | • | 402. Criticism: Arts and Letters |
(3)
| | • | 402a |
(2)
| | • | 402b |
(1)
| | • | 403. Cultural Anthropology |
(9)
| | • | 404. History of the Arts, Literature, Religion and Sciences |
(14)
| | • | 404a |
(8)
| | • | 404b |
(4)
| | • | 404c |
(3)
| | • | 405 [401] |
(1)
| | • | 405. History and Philology, East and West, through the 17th Century |
(14)
| | • | 406. Linguistics |
(14)
| | • | 407. Philosophy |
(5)
| | • | 408 |
(2)
| | • | 501. Creative Artists |
(10)
| | • | 502. Physicians, Theologians, Lawyers, Jurists, Architects, and Members of Other Professions |
(8)
| | • | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors |
(42)
| | • | 504. Scholars in the Professions |
(1)
|
| | 1341 | Name: | Thomas White | | | Year Elected: | 1787 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | | |
| 1342 | Name: | Michael James Denham White | | | Year Elected: | 1978 | | | Class: | 2. Biological Sciences | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1910 | | | Death Date: | 12/16/83 | | | | |
| 1343 | Name: | Caleb Whitefoord | | | Year Elected: | 1790 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | | |
| 1344 | Name: | John Whitehurst | | | Year Elected: | 1786 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1715 | | | | |
| 1345 | Name: | Sir Edmund T. Whittaker | | | Year Elected: | 1944 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1873 | | | Death Date: | 3/24/56 | | | | |
| 1346 | Name: | Prinz von Maximilian A.P. Wied-Neuwied | | | Year Elected: | 1845 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | | |
| 1347 | Name: | Dr. Theodor Wieland | | | Institution: | Max Planck Institute for Medical Research | | | Year Elected: | 1979 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 102. Chemistry and Chemical Biochemistry | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1913 | | | Death Date: | 11/24/95 | | | | |
| 1348 | Name: | Dr. Vincent B. Wigglesworth | | | Year Elected: | 1982 | | | Class: | 2. Biological Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 202. Cellular and Developmental Biology | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1899 | | | Death Date: | 2/12/94 | | | | |
| 1349 | Name: | Dr. J. Paul Wild | | | Institution: | CSIRO Australia | | | Year Elected: | 1962 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 101. Astronomy | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1923 | | | Death Date: | May 10, 2008 | | | | | | |
Australian radio astronomer J. Paul Wild was the first person to recognize the true nature of radio noise originating in solar disturbances. An ingenious experimentalist and excellent interpreter of observational data, he was affiliated with the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization for over sixty years, serving as chairman (1978-85), chief of the division of radiophysics (1971-77) and chief research officer in charge of solar research (1961-71). He held an M.A. degree from Cambridge, was awarded the 1984 ANZAAS Medal and was a foreign member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. The Paul Wild Observatory in Narrabri, New South Wales, Australia is named in his honor. Dr. Wild died on May 10, 2008, in Australia, at the age of 85. | |
| 1350 | Name: | Sir Hubert Wilkins | | | Year Elected: | 1930 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1888 | | | Death Date: | 12/1/58 | | | | |
| 1351 | Name: | Dr. Pierre-Étienne Will | | | Institution: | Collège de France | | | Year Elected: | 2022 | | | Class: | 4. Humanities | | | Subdivision: | 404b | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1944 | | | | | | |
Pierre-Étienne Will retired in 2014 from the chair of History of Modern China at the Collège de France, which he had held since 1992 concurrently with a position of Directeur d’études at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, Paris. He is specializing in the socio-economic and political history of late-imperial and early republican China. He has published Bureaucracy and Famine in Eighteenth-Century China (Stan¬ford, 1990; original French edition Paris, 1980; Korean translation, 1995; Chinese translation, 2002), Nourish the People: The State Civilian Granary System in China, 1650-1850 (Ann Arbor, 1991, with R. Bin Wong), Handbooks and Anthologies for Officials in Imperial China: A Descriptive and Critical Bibliography (Leiden, 2020, 2 vol.), several edited volumes, including China, Democracy, and Law: A Historical and Contemporary Approach (Leiden, 2012, with Mireille Delmas-Marty; original French edition Paris, 2007), and numerous articles on Chinese economy, society, politics, bureaucracy, law, water management, and more. He has been co-editor of the journal T’oung Pao from 1992 to 2016. | |
| 1352 | Name: | Sir Daniel Wilson | | | Year Elected: | 1863 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | | |
| 1353 | Name: | Dr. J. Tuzo Wilson | | | Institution: | University of Toronto | | | Year Elected: | 1971 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 105. Physical Earth Sciences | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1908 | | | Death Date: | 4/15/93 | | | | |
| 1354 | Name: | Sir Robert Wilson | | | Institution: | University College of London | | | Year Elected: | 1996 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 101. Astronomy | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1938 | | | Death Date: | September 2, 2002 | | | | |
| 1355 | Name: | Sir Friedrich Wohler | | | Year Elected: | 1862 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | | |
| 1356 | Name: | Professor Lewis Wolpert | | | Institution: | University College, London | | | Year Elected: | 2002 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1929 | | | Death Date: | January 28, 2021 | | | | | | |
Lewis Wolpert was Emeritus Professor of Biology as Applied to Medicine in the Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology of University College London. His research interests are in the mechanisms involved in the development of the embryo. He was originally trained as a civil engineer in South Africa but changed to research in cell biology at King's College London in 1955. He was made a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1980 and awarded the CBE in 1990. He was made a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature in 1999. For five years he was chairman of the Committee for the Public Understanding of Science. He has presented science on both radio and ATV. His books include Malignant Sadness - The Anatomy of Depression (1999); Principles of Development (1992), of which he is principal author; A Passion for Science and Passionate Minds with Alison Richards (interviews with scientists); and The Unnatural Nature of Science (1992). His most recent book on belief was published in 2006. Dr. Wolpert also writes a column for "Independent", plays lots of tennis and is devoted to his mountain bike. He died on January 28, 2021. | |
| 1357 | Name: | Llewllyn Woodward | | | Year Elected: | 1949 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1890 | | | Death Date: | 3/11/71 | | | | |
| 1358 | Name: | J.J.A. Worsaae | | | Year Elected: | 1869 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | | |
| 1359 | Name: | Carl Magnus Wrangel | | | Year Elected: | | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 8/23/1727 | | | Death Date: | 6/12/1786 | | | | | | |
Carl Magnus Wrangel (23 August 1727–12 June 1786) was a minister, and a member of the American Philosophical Society, elected in 1768. Born in Erikstad, Sweden, Wrangel did not follow his predecessors path into military offices, but instead chose the church. Wrangel pursued theological studies, including his time at Uppsala University and culminating in 1757 with his doctorate from Greifwald and Göttingen. By this time, he had already enjoyed the position as chaplain at the Swedish court and in 1758 was appointed the provost of the Swedish churches in America. He arrived in Philadelphia in 1759 and preached his first sermon just south of Philadelphia at Gloria Dei Church in Wicaco on Easter Sunday. Though he would remain in the region just under a decade, he had an immediate and enduring impact. He devoted much of his energy to expanding the presence of the Swedish churches and bolstering their membership. Ecumenical in spirit, Wrangel approached his challenge by building up the communities around him, including partnering with the neighboring minister of the German Lutheran Church, Heinrich M. Muhlenberg. Together these men formed a trusting friendship whereby the two preached in one another’s churches, attended one another’s synods, and even expanded the language of their services so that English, German, and Swedish were available to congregants. Wrangel’s outreach extended further still, as suggested by his title of godfather to APS member and Anglican minister Jacob Duché. He also cultivated the exchanges within the scientific community. His friend John Bartram frequently welcomed him at his farm where Wrangel would gather botanical and mineral specimens and forward them to his APS member Peter J. Berigus. Not all, however, were enthusiastic supporters of Wrangel, including some Swedish ministers who seemed jealous of his successes. Others charged him with being overly political and it was John Penn himself who testified how Wrangel had supported the local government, most memorably when he joined Benjamin Franklin in intercepting the Paxton Boys in Germantown. It did not take long for Wrangle’s critics to realize how difficult it was to attack a man admired by so many. His return to Sweden in 1766 left many feeling his absence. The Swedish King welcomed Wrangel back with many official appointments and kept the minister close during the Swedish revolution in 1772. The demands of Wrangel’s work eventually overtook his energy, ebbing as it was with age, and he resigned his positions to settle into a quieter position in the country. In this case, quiet meant oversight of of two parishes and four assistant ministers that served sixteen congregations. He died survived by his widow and son. (PI) | |
| 1360 | Name: | William Wright | | | Year Elected: | 1774 | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1735 | | | Death Date: | 9/19/1819 | | | | | | |
William Wright (March 1735–19 September 1819) was a naturalist, a physician, a slaveholder, and a member of the American Philosophical Society, elected in 1774. He was born in Perthshire, Scotland, and he began his medical training as a young man, first as a surgeon’s apprentice and then by observing lectures at the University of Edinburgh. He joined the navy in 1758 and was posted as a surgeon’s mate in the West Indies during the Seven Years War. After the war ended, he briefly returned to Britain and managed to secure an MD through a personal connection without formally attending medical school. In 1764 he partnered with another doctor, Thomas Steel, in Jamaica and the two of them treated enslaved people and free people of color in the area. Despite these firsthand encounters with the institution of slavery, Wright was politically conservative and opposed to the abolitionist movement. Together, he and Steel owned as many as thirty-three enslaved people. Throughout his time in Jamaica, Wright began to explore an interest in naturalism. He diligently collected specimens of the island’s flora and wrote papers on their potential medicinal properties. He found a patron for this work in APS Member Sir Joseph Banks, a prominent scientific leader. They remained close for several decades, and some of the specimens that Wright sent to Banks may still be found at the Natural History Museum in London. Throughout his life, Wright sought social and academic recognition, and he achieved it through his participation in multiple well-regarded societies and prominence as a public official. He became the Surgeon General of Jamaica in 1774, a fellow of the Royal Society in 1778, a member of the Royal Medical Society and the president of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh in 1801. (DNB) | |
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