Class
| • | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | [X] |
| | 401 | Name: | Dr. Alexandra Navrotsky | | | Institution: | Arizona State University | | | Year Elected: | 2011 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 105. Physical Earth Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1943 | | | | | | |
Alexandra Navrotsky was educated at the Bronx High School of Science and the University of Chicago (B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. in physical chemistry). After postdoctoral work in Germany and at Penn State University, she joined the faculty in Chemistry at Arizona State University, where she remained till her move to the Department of Geological and Geophysical Sciences at Princeton University in 1985. She chaired that department from 1988 to 1991 and has been active in the Princeton Materials Institute. In 1997, she became an Interdisciplinary Professor of Ceramic, Earth, and Environmental Materials Chemistry at the University of California at Davis and was appointed Edward Roessler Chair in Mathematical and Physical Sciences in 2001. She was appointed interim dean of the Division of Mathematical and Physical Sciences in 2013 while UC Davis searched for a successor to the former dean. In 2019 she returned to Arizona State to head the newly created Navrotsky Eyring Center for Materials of the Universe.
Her research interests have centered about relating microscopic features of structure and bonding to macroscopic thermodynamic behavior in minerals, ceramics, and other complex materials. She has made contributions to mineral thermodynamics; mantle mineralogy and high pressure phase transitions; silicate melt and glass thermodynamics; order-disorder in spinels; framework silicates; and other oxides; ceramic processing; oxide superconductors; nanophase oxides, zeolites, nitrides, perovskites; and the general problem of structure-energy-property systematics. The main technical area of her laboratory is high temperature reaction calorimetry. She is director of the UC Davis Organized Research Unit on Nanomaterials in the Environment, Agriculture and Technology (NEAT-ORU). She has published over 1,300 scientific papers.
Honors include an Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship (1973); Mineralogical Society of America Award (1981); American Geophysical Union Fellow (1988); Vice-President, Mineralogical Society of America (1991-1992), President (1992-1993); Geochemical Society Fellow (1997). She spent five years (1986-1991) as Editor, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, and serves on numerous advisory committees and panels in both government and academe. She was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1993. In 1995 she received the Ross Coffin Purdy Award from the American Ceramic Society and was awarded the degree of Doctor Honoris Causa from Uppsala University, Sweden. In 2002 she was awarded the Benjamin Franklin Medal in Earth Science. In 2004, she was elected a Fellow of The Mineralogical Society (Great Britain) and awarded the Urey Medal (the highest career honor of the European Association of Geochemistry). In 2005, she was bestowed with the Spriggs Phase Equilibria Award of the American Ceramic Society. In 2006, she received the Harry H. Hess Medal of the American Geophysical Union. In October 2009, she received the Roebling Medal, the highest honor of the Mineralogical Society of America. In 2016 she was awarded the Goldschmidt Award. | |
| 402 | Name: | Dr. Gerry Neugebauer | | | Institution: | California Institute of Technology | | | Year Elected: | 1986 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 101. Astronomy | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1932 | | | Death Date: | September 26, 2014 | | | | | | |
At the time of his death September 26. 2014, at the age of 82, Gerry Neugebauer was the Robert A. Millikan Professor of Physics Emeritus at the California Institute of Technology, where for many years he also directed the Palomar Observatory. Dr. Neugebauer received his Ph.D. from CalTech in 1960, began his professorial career there in 1962 and also served as chairman of the division of physics, mathematics and astronomy from 1988-93. His major contributions in the field include an infrared survey of three-fourths of the sky at two microns. His observations led to the realization of its complex structure, with a point source superimposed on a large, diffuse central source. In addition he made careful observations of numerous objects such as the Orion nebula, Seyfert galaxies, quasars, OH sources, and other cool objects whose enormous infrared intensities dominate their total flux and are of significance in elucidating their physical natures. The complex energy distributions in these objects have shown that an enormous excess of low-temperature radiation presumably arising from dust is a common property of the formation of stars, the opaque molecular clouds surrounding dying giant stars, and the explosion of galactic nuclei. Dr. Neugebauer opened up infrared areas in astronomy with satellites and regularly followed his space experiments with ground-based investigations. Winner of the Rumford Prize (1986) and a two-time recipient of the NASA Exceptional Scientific Achievement Medal (1972, 1984), Dr. Neugebauer had been elected to the membership of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1986. | |
| 403 | Name: | Dr. Kyriacos C. Nicolaou | | | Institution: | Rice University | | | Year Elected: | 2011 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 102. Chemistry and Chemical Biochemistry | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1946 | | | | | | |
K.C. Nicolaou was born in 1946 in Cyprus, where he grew up and went to school until the age of 18. In 1964, he emigrated to England where he spent two years learning English and preparing to enter the university. His advanced studies in chemistry were carried out at the University of London (B.Sc., 1969, Bedford College, First Class Honors; Ph.D. 1972, University College). In 1972, he crossed the Atlantic to the United States and completed postdoctoral appointments at Columbia University (1972-1973) and Harvard University (1973-1976) after which he joined the faculty at the University of Pennsylvania, where he rose through the ranks to become the Rhodes-Thompson Professor of Chemistry. In 1989, he accepted joint appointments at the University of California, San Diego, where he was Distinguished Professor of Chemistry, and The Scripps Research Institute, where he was the Chairman of the Department of Chemistry and the Darlene Shiley Chair in Chemistry and the Aline. W. and L. Skaggs Professorship in Chemical Biology. In July 2013 he moved to Rice University where he is Harry C. and Olga K. Wiess Professor of Chemistry in the Department of Chemistry and the BioScience Research Collaborative.
One of the world’s leading synthetic organic chemists, Dr. Nicolaou is considered a master of the art of total synthesis. His accomplishments include the synthesis of some of the most complex molecules of nature such as amphotericin B, calicheamicin, Taxol®, brevetoxins A and B, vancomycin, and thiostrepton. In addition to his scientific accomplishments, Dr. Nicolaou is well known for his educational reviews and books. Among his books, the most well-known are the Classics in Total Synthesis series (I, II, III, co-authored with his students Erik Sorensen, Scott Snyder and Jason Chen, respectively) and Molecules That Changed the World (co-authored with his research associate Tamsyn Montagnon). The latter is a delightful and informative coffee table book illustrating the impact of chemistry on society with colorful images and easy to understand language that serves to inspire the youth into the sciences and inform the public about the importance and virtues of science.
For his scientific work, Professor Nicolaou has received numerous awards and honors, including the Humboldt Foundation US Senior Scientist Prize (Germany, 1987), the William H. Nichols Medal, New York Section-American Chemical Society (1996), the Linus Pauling Medal, Oregon, Portland, Puget Sound Sections-American Chemical Society (1996), the Decoration of the Order of the Commander of Honor Medal (bestowed by the President of Greece, 1998), the Gustavus John Esselen Award for Chemistry in the Public Interest, Northeaster Section-American Chemical Society (1998), the Aristeio Bodossaki Prize (Greece, 2004), the A. C. Cope Award, American Chemical Society (2005), the August-Wilhelm-von-Hofmann-Denkmünze Award (Germany, 2008), the Chandler Medal, Columbia University (2008), the Science Award, Ministry of Education and Culture, Cyprus (2010), the Benjamin Franklin Medal in Chemistry (2011), and the Wolf Prize in Chemistry (2016).
Nicolaou is a Member of the New York Academy of Sciences, Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Member of the National Academy of Sciences (USA), Foreign Member of the Academy of Athens (Greece), Honorary Fellow of the Indian Academy of Sciences, Member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina, Member of the Royal Society, and holds 12 honorary degrees from universities around the world. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2011. | |
| 404 | Name: | Dr. Debra Niemeier | | | Institution: | University of Maryland, College Park; University of California, Davis | | | Year Elected: | 2021 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 103. Engineering | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1959 | | | | | | |
Debra Niemeier is Clark Distinguished Chair in Sustainability and Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering at University of Maryland, College Park as well as Professor Emerita of Civil and Environmental Engineering at University of California, Davis. She earned her Ph.D. from the University of Washington in 1994. Her work history also includes stints at the Texas Department of Highways, the City of San Marcos, T.Y. Lin International, and, at University of California, Davis, the Caltrans Air Quality Project, the John Muir Institute on the Environment, and Sustainable Design Academy.
Deb Niemeier has done ground-breaking research in vehicle emissions, air quality, affordable housing, and infrastructure funding, spurring policy and regulatory change. She developed new methods to resolve vehicle emissions for better identification of environmental health disparities. Her work transformed federal guidance for public agencies by requiring that vulnerable populations be identified using her methods. Her research on the return to background pollutant concentrations at roadside edge resulted in a complete revision of current thinking about minimum acceptable distances from roadway edges for sensitive populations, motivating new international studies on air pollutant much further from roadway edges than was previously thought necessary. Through her Guggenheim Fellowship, she is establishing the first civil and environmental engineering pro bono clinic in which engineering students will collaborate with law students through legal aid and university law clinics to provide technical expertise to support disadvantaged communities.
She is a member of the National Academy of Engineering (2017) and fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (2014). She was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2021. | |
| 405 | Name: | Dr. Alfred O. C. Nier | | | Institution: | University of Minnesota | | | Year Elected: | 1953 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 106. Physics | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1911 | | | Death Date: | 5/16/94 | | | | |
| 406 | Name: | Dr. William A. Nierenberg | | | Institution: | Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego | | | Year Elected: | 1975 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 106. Physics | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1919 | | | Death Date: | September 10, 2000 | | | | |
| 407 | Name: | Dr. Louis Nirenberg | | | Institution: | New York University | | | Year Elected: | 1987 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 104. Mathematics | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1925 | | | Death Date: | January 26, 2020 | | | | | | |
A leading mathematician with broad cultural interests, Canadian-born Louis Nirenberg has made seminal contributions to the study of linear and non-linear partial differential equations and their applications. He discovered interactions between mathematical analysis, differential geometry and "complex analysis" and made deep applications to the theory of fluid flow and other physical phenomena. Winner of the first Crafoord Prize of the Royal Swedish Academy (1982), Dr. Nirenberg is currently professor of mathematics emeritus at New York University's Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences. He began his career at NYU in 1949 after receiving his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from the university. From 1970-72 he served as director of the Courant Institute. Dr. Nirenberg's numerous honors include the 1995 National Medal of Science, the American Mathematical Society's Bocher Prize (1959), Guggenheim and Sloan Fellowships and membership in the National Academy of Sciences and American Academy of Arts & Sciences. In 2010, he was awarded the Chern Medal from the International Congress of Mathematicians and in 2014 he received the Leroy P. Steele Prize for Seminal Contribution to Research with Robert Kohn and Luis Caffarelli. He was awarded the 2015 Abel Prize. | |
| 408 | Name: | Dr. Daniel G. Nocera | | | Institution: | Harvard University | | | Year Elected: | 2021 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 102. Chemistry and Chemical Biochemistry | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1957 | | | | | | |
Daniel G. Nocera is the Patterson Rockwood Professor of Energy at Harvard University. He moved to Harvard in 2013 from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he was the Henry Dreyfus Professor of Energy and was Director of the Solar Revolutions Project and Director of the MIT Solar Frontiers Center. Nocera is recognized for his discoveries in renewable energy, originating new paradigms that have defined the field of solar energy conversion and storage. Nocera created the field of proton coupled electron transfer (PCET) at a mechanistic level by making the first measurements that temporally resolved the movement of an electron coupled to a proton. On this experimental foundation, he provided the first theory of PCET. With PCET as a guiding framework, he invented the Artificial Leaf and the Bionic Leaf. The Artificial Leaf comprises Si coated with catalysts to capture the direct solar process of photosynthesis – the use of sunlight to split water to hydrogen and oxygen from neutral water, at atmospheric pressure and room temperature. The Bionic Leaf comprises a bio-engineered organism interfaced with the catalysts of the Artificial Leaf to capture the dark process of photosynthesis – the combination of carbon dioxide and hydrogen to produce biomass and liquid fuels. The integration of the light and dark processes of the Artificial Leaf and the Bionic Leaf, respectively, allowed Nocera to develop a complete artificial photosynthesis — sunlight + air + water to biomass and liquid fuels — that is ten times more efficient than natural photosynthesis. Extending this approach, Nocera has achieved a renewable and distributed Haber-Bosch synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen in air by coupling solar-based water splitting to a nitrogen and carbon fixing bioorganism to produce a living biofertilizer, resulting in increased crop yields and early harvests. These science discoveries set the stage for the large scale and distributed deployment of solar energy fuels and food production using only sunlight, air and any water source. With such simple natural inputs, such discovery is particularly useful to the poor, where large infrastructures for fuel and food production are not tenable. Complementing his interest in solar energy conversion, Nocera has designed layered antiferromagnets to explore exotic states arising from highly correlated spins, creating the spin 1/2 quantum spin liquid on a kagomé lattice, a long-sought prize in condensed matter physics. His group has also created nanocrystal sensors for the metabolic profiling of tumors, a technique used by clinicians to develop new cancer drug therapies. Afield from chemistry, Nocera invented the Molecular Tagging Velocimetry to make simultaneous, multipoint velocity measurements of highly three-dimensional turbulent flows. This fluid physics technique has been employed by the engineering community to solve long-standing and important problems that had previously escaped characterization. Nocera founded Sun Catalytix, a company committed to developing energy storage technologies for the wide-spread implementation of renewable energy; the coordination chemistry flow battery technology invented by Sun Catalytix is now being commercialized by Lockheed Martin. A second company founded by Nocera, Kula Bio, is focused on the development of renewable and distributed crop production and land restoration; the technology also provides a low-cost curve for significant carbon sequestration. Nocera has been awarded the Leigh Ann Conn Prize for Renewable Energy, Eni Prize, Burghausen Prize, and the United Nation’s Science and Technology Award for his discoveries in renewable energy. On this topic, he has also received the Inorganic Chemistry, Harrison Howe, Mack, Remsen and Kosolapoff Awards from the American Chemical Society. He has received honorary degrees from Harvard University, Michigan State University and the University of Crete. In addition to membership in the American Philosophical Society, he is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the U.S. National Academy of Sciences and the Indian Academy of Sciences. | |
| 409 | Name: | Dr. Thomas B. Nolan | | | Institution: | U. S. Geological Survey | | | Year Elected: | 1957 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 105. Physical Earth Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1901 | | | Death Date: | 8/2/92 | | | | |
| 410 | Name: | Dr. John H. Northrop | | | Year Elected: | 1938 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 102. Chemistry and Chemical Biochemistry | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1891 | | | Death Date: | 5/27/87 | | | | |
| 411 | Name: | William A. Noyes | | | Year Elected: | 1914 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1857 | | | Death Date: | 10/24/41 | | | | |
| 412 | Name: | William A. Noyes | | | Year Elected: | 1947 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1898 | | | Death Date: | 11/25/80 | | | | |
| 413 | Name: | Dr. Giuseppe Occhialini | | | Institution: | University of Milan | | | Year Elected: | 1975 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 106. Physics | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1907 | | | Death Date: | 12/30/93 | | | | |
| 414 | Name: | Dr. George A. Olah | | | Institution: | University of Southern California | | | Year Elected: | 2001 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 102. Chemistry and Chemical Biochemistry | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1927 | | | Death Date: | March 8, 2017 | | | | | | |
George Olah was born (1927) and educated in Budapest, Hungary. He moved to America in 1957. In 1977 he became director of the Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Distinguished Professor of Organic Chemistry at the University of Southern California. He was a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering, and a Foreign or Honorary Member of other Academies such as the Royal Society of London, the Royal Society of Canada, the Italian National Academy Lincei, the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the European Academy of Arts and Sciences, the Russian Academy of Sciences, and the Indian Academy of Sciences. He received honorary doctoral degrees from several universities, including the University of Durham (England), the University of Munich, the Technical University of Budapest, the University of Crete, the University of Szeged and Veszprem (Hungary), the University of Southern California, Case Western Reserve University, New York State University, and the University of Montpellier (France). His contributions to superacid/carbocation chemistry and electrophilic chemistry of saturated hydrocarbons were singularly recognized with the 1994 undivided Nobel Prize in chemistry. Apart from the Nobel Prize, Olah's work was recognized with many honors and awards. He was the winner of the American Chemical Society's Award for Petroleum Chemistry, Creativity in Synthetic Organic Chemistry, the Roger Adams Medal, the Arthur C. Cope Award, and the Priestley Medal. He had published some 1,250 scientific papers, held 120 patents and authored or co-authored 20 books. George Olah died March 8, 2017, at age 89 in Beverly Hills, California. | |
| 415 | Name: | Charles P. Olivier | | | Year Elected: | 1932 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1884 | | | Death Date: | 8/14/75 | | | | |
| 416 | Name: | Mr. Kenneth H. Olsen | | | Institution: | Advanced Modular Solutions, Inc. | | | Year Elected: | 1999 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 103. Engineering | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1926 | | | Death Date: | February 6, 2011 | | | | | | |
Kenneth Olsen was well known as the cofounder of Digital Equipment Corporation. Under his leadership, DEC produced the first small interactive computer, the PDP-1 in 1960, the first mass produced minicomputer, the PDP-8 in the late 1960's, and the popular 32-bit VAX computer line in 1977. The VAX immediately became the "workhorse" of the research community. Early in his career as a post World War II graduate student at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology he developed basic circuits for driving the first magnetic core memories, for which he was recognized by induction into the National Inventors Hall of Fame. Dr. Olsen served on the President's Science Advisory Committee and the Computer Science and Engineering Board of the National Academy of Sciences. He received an M.S.E.E. from M.I.T. (1952) and was a member of the National Academy of Engineering; the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers; and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. Ken Olsen died February 6, 2011, at the age of 84. | |
| 417 | Name: | Lars Onsager | | | Year Elected: | 1959 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1903 | | | Death Date: | 4/5/76 | | | | |
| 418 | Name: | Dr. Jan H. Oort | | | Year Elected: | 1957 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 101. Astronomy | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1900 | | | Death Date: | 11/5/92 | | | | |
| 419 | Name: | J. Robert Oppenheimer | | | Year Elected: | 1945 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1904 | | | Death Date: | 2/18/67 | | | | |
| 420 | Name: | Dr. John A. Orcutt | | | Institution: | Center for Earth Observations and Applications, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego | | | Year Elected: | 2002 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 105. Physical Earth Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1943 | | | | | | |
John A. Orcutt received a B.S. at the U.S. Naval Academy in 1966, graduating 3rd in Class. He went to the University of Liverpool as a Fulbright Scholar and received an M.Sc. in 1968. He was the chief engineer of the nuclear submarine USS Kamehameha for the U.S. Navy, 1967-73. In 1976 he earned a Ph.D. at the University of California, San Diego, and joined the faculty at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography as an assistant research geophysicist in 1977. Subsequently he became professor of geophysics and the director of the Cecil and Ida Green Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics. He was the director of the UCSD Center for Earth Observations & Applications and deputy director of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography and is currently Professor of Geophysics at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography and Distinguished Researcher at the San Diego Supercomputer. John Orcutt has made major contributions in marine geophysics and particularly the elucidation of the volcanic mid-ocean ridges. He was the first to discover an active magma body beneath these ridges and his work led to the initiation of a major, continuing research program called RIDGE. He has taught an exceptional number of students in geophysics, and they have now assumed important leadership roles in the study of the oceans and the continents. He has played an important role monitoring the Earth for nuclear tests and is currently leading a new program to establish a permanent presence in the oceans for detecting changes in Earth systems. Dr. Orcutt has served as president of the American Geophysical Union and has received numerous awards, including the Newcomb-Cleveland Prize of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (1980) and the Maurice Ewing Medal from the American Geophysical Union and U.S. Navy (1994). He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2002 and a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2011. | |
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