Resources in Early American History
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Abolition, emancipation, freedom (3)
Abolitionists -- United States -- Attitudes (1)
Adena culture -- West Virginia (1)
Advance (Brig) (1)
Africa, West -- Description and travel (1)
African American churches -- United States (1)
Agriculture (6)
Agriculture -- Study and teaching -- 18th century (1)
Algebra. (1)
American Academy of Music (Philadelphia, Pa.) (1)
American Colonization Society (1)
American Philosophical Society (2)
Anatomy -- 18th century (1)
Animal magnetism. (2)
Animals -- Habits and behavior of (1)
Anishinaabe (2)
Annuities. (1)
Antislavery movements -- Pennsylvania (1)
Archaeology -- Pennsylvania (1)
Architecture (1)
Arctic Regions -- Discovery and exploration (1)
Artifacts (1)
Astronomy (1)
Astronomy - Research - England (1)
Astronomy -- 18th century (3)
Astronomy -- Charts, diagrams, etc. (1)
Astronomy -- Mathematics. (1)
Astronomy -- Observations (1)
Astronomy. (8)
Audubon, John James, 1785-1851. Birds of America (1)
Auroras. (1)
Aztecs. (1)
Balloons. (1)
Banks and banking -- United States -- History -- 19th century. (1)
Banks and banking -- United States. (1)
Bartram's Garden (Philadelphia, Pa.) (1)
Beetles. (1)
Bible - Criticism, interpretation, etc. (1)
Biology, genetics, eugenics (1)
Birds -- Migration -- United States. (1)
Birds -- North America (1)
Birds -- Study and teaching (1)
Birds. (2)
Blowpipe. (1)
Boilers. (1)
Botanical chemistry (1)
Botanical gardens. (1)
Botanists (1)
Botany (2)
Botany -- 18th century (1)
61Author:  Alexander, William, 1726-1783Requires cookie*
 Title:  Variation of the compass, 1773     
 Dates:  1773 
 Abstract:  This slender volume is an essay by William Alexander, a prominent figure in New Jersey politics and business. Alexander wrote this essay with the hope that it would spur the American Philosophical Society to support the study of variations in compasses. Alexander's interest in this subject likely had to do with his background as a merchant. He realized compass variations created inefficiencies and risks for captains and the merchants that relied on them. Alexander appeals specifically to the APS's mission by stating that such a study would be "useful to mankind." Alexander's essays shows that he is conversant in many of the current theories about variations. He also proposed a plan for the APS to facilitate a systematic study of compass variations that he believed would produce a clear general law for variations in compasses.

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 Call #:  Mss.522.76.Al2 
 Extent:  1 item(s) 
 Topics:  Science and technology | Surveying and Maps | Trade 
 Genre:  Scientific Correspondence | Scientific Data 
 Subjects:  Astronomy -- 18th century | Compass. | Learned institutions and societies. 
62Author:  Stevens, John Austin, 1795-1874Requires cookie*
 Title:  Notes, from Professor Day's Lectures, on Natural Philosophy     
 Dates:  1812 
 Abstract:  This bound volume contains notes taken by John Austin Stevens, a student at Yale University, in 1812 during Jeremiah Day's course on Natural Philosophy. The twenty lectures touch on a wide range of subjects, including electricity, astronomy, magnetism, meteorology, and fluids.

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 Call #:  Mss.530.St45 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Education | Natural history | Science and technology 
 Genre:  Educational Material | Notebooks | Scientific Data 
 Subjects:  Gravitation | Hydraulics | Mechanics | Physics -- Study and teaching -- 19th century 
63Author:  Smith, Thomas P. (Thomas Peters)Requires cookie*
 Title:  List of minerals, 1801     
 Dates:  1801 
 Abstract:  These ewo small volumes list a variety of minerals that Thomas Smith observed while traveling in Europe in 1777. Smith often notes where he saw the minerals. This complements the much larger and richer travel journals Smith kept (914.Sm6).

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 Call #:  Mss.549.Sm7 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Americans Abroad | International Travel | Science and technology 
 Genre:  Scientific Data 
 Subjects:  Mineralogy -- France -- History -- 18th century. | Mineralogy -- Switzerland. | Minerals -- Classification. 
64Author:  Ewing, James Hunter, 1798-1827Requires cookie*
 Title:  James Hunter Ewing lecture notes, December 22, 1818 - January 19, 1819     
 Dates:  1818-1819 
 Abstract:  This small volume contains John Ewing's medical lecture notes for 1818-1819. The notes are from various classes he took. He records some medicinal recipes and therapies as well as medical theory, practice, and ethics.

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 Call #:  Mss.610.7.L49 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Education | Medicine | Science and technology 
 Genre:  Educational Material 
 Subjects:  Diagnosis. | Fever. | Materia medica. | Medicine -- Study and teaching -- 19th century. | Surgery -- United States -- 19th century. 
65Author:  Wistar, Caspar, 1761-1818Requires cookie*
 Title:  Caspar Wistar commonplace book, 1796-1813     
 Dates:  1796-1813 
 Abstract:  This fascinating commonplace book contains some of Caspar Wistar's thoughts on medicine. Infectious disease is a particularly prominent topic. Wistar offers observations and some theories, noting how "country people" had some immunities that others did not. Wistar discusses the yellow fever epidemic in Philadelphia and infections on boats, in individuals, and within families. There is also meteorological data from 1758-1765.

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 Call #:  Mss.616.928.W765 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Medicine | Philadelphia History | Science and technology 
 Genre:  Commonplace Book | Educational Material | Meteorological Data | Notebooks | Scientific Data 
 Subjects:  Communicable diseases. | Medicine. | Meteorology -- Observations. | Typhus fever. | Yellow fever. 
66Author:  Smith, Thomas P. (Thomas Peters)Requires cookie*
 Title:  Thomas P. Smith journal in Europe, 1800-1802     
 Dates:  1800-1802 
 Abstract:  These five volumes contain the travel journal of Thomas Peters Smith during his tour through Europe from 1800-1802. He was interested in learning about new technology in Europe. The journals record his observations. He often discusses the engineering developments he sees, sometimes drawing crude diagrams, as well as making observations on European society and culture. Countries visited include Germany, Sweden, Denmark, France, England.

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 Call #:  Mss.914.Sm6 
 Extent:  5 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Americans Abroad | International Travel | Science and technology 
 Genre:  Scientific Data | Travel Narratives and Journals 
 Subjects:  Manufacturing processes -- Europe. | Mines and mineral resources -- Europe. 
67Author:  Bache, A.D. (Alexander Dallas), 1806-1867Requires cookie*
 Title:  A. D. Bache Collection     
 Dates:  1833-1873 
 Abstract:  This collection consists of a wide-range of general correspondence to and from Alexander Dallas Bache from 1833-1865. The correspondence includes letters to many prominent scientists, such as Louis Agassiz, Maria Mitchell, and Charles Babbage. The content reflects the wide range of Bache's scientific activity and his extensive contacts. Topics range from cartography to lighthouses to education reform to phrenology.

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 Call #:  Mss.B.B123 
 Extent:  0.25 Linear Feet 
 Topics:  Antebellum Politics | Early National Politics | Science and technology 
 Genre:  General Correspondence | Official Government Documents and Records | Scientific Correspondence 
 Subjects:  Cooper Union | Education | Geological Survey of the State of New Jersey | Geology | Girard College | Lighthouses | National Academy of Sciences | Natural history | United States Coast Survey 
68Author:  Bonaparte, Charles Lucian, 1803-1857Requires cookie*
 Title:  Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte letters, 1825-1857     
 Dates:  1825-1857 
 Abstract:  The Charles Lucien Bonaparte collection is noteworthy for its ornithological content and for the exchanges with William Cooper, a fellow ornithologist who had a large collection of bird specimens. The majority of the correspondence surrounds Bonaparte's American Ornithology. The letters are all from Bonaparte to Cooper. Their content shows Cooper to be an engaged and active ornithologist who provided Bonaparte with critical advice on his proofs. Copper founded the Lyceum of Natural History in New York and studied zoology in Europe. He is credited with helping edit Bonaparte's last two works. Bonaparte, for his part, repaid his friend by naming a new species of hawk Cooper's Hawk.

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 Call #:  Mss.B.B642.1.7 
 Extent:  0.25 Linear Feet 
 Topics:  Literature, Arts, and Culture | Natural history | Science and technology 
 Genre:  General Correspondence | Scientific Correspondence 
 Subjects:  Learned institutions and societies. | Ornithology. | Science -- Societies, etc. 
69Author:  Frazer, John Fries, 1812-1872Requires cookie*
 Title:  John Fries Frazer papers, 1834-1871     
 Dates:  1834-1871 
 Abstract:  John Fries Frazer was a prominent Pennsylvania scientist in nineteenth century America, serving as a professor at the University of Pennsylvania and very active in both the Franklin Institute and the APS. This large collection of his correspondence provides a snapshot of the growing scientific community in mid-nineteenth century America. Frazer's correspondence involves a wide range of topics: science and scientific institutions (shipbuilding, mechanical engineering, geology, geography, astronomy, chemistry, among others), although there are fragments of personal correspondence. His range of correspondents is as diverse as the topics, but there is a notably large collection of letters from scientific heavyweights Titian Ramsey Peale, Louis Aggasiz, Joseph Henry, and Alexander Dallas Bache.

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 Call #:  Mss.B.F865 
 Extent:  3 Linear Feet 
 Topics:  Education | Philadelphia History | Science and technology 
 Genre:  General Correspondence | Scientific Correspondence 
 Subjects:  Boilers. | Education -- United States. | Electricity. | Geology -- United States. | Haida Indians | Magnetism. | Natural history. | Paleontology. | Scientific apparatus and instruments. | Scientists -- United States. | Solar eclipses. | Tsimshian Indians | Weights and measures. 
70Author:  Hays, Isaac,1796-1879.Requires cookie*
 Title:  Isaac and I. Minis Hays papers     
 Dates:  Circa 1820-1925 
 Abstract:  Isaac Hays was a Philadelphia ophthalmologist who was also deeply involved in natural history. The Isaac Hays material has two discreet sections: a volume of correspondence for 1824-1855 and a collection of loose manuscripts. The first part of the collection is a bound volume that contains the correspondence Hays carried on with other prominent naturalists in the nineteenth century from 1824–1855, although the bulk come from the 1820s and early 1830s. Prominent correspondents in this series include Charles Lucien Bonaparte, George Ord, Thomas Say, and Charles Lesueur. All of the correspondence is incoming, addressed to Hays. Occasionally the correspondence involves commentary on other current events in addition to the obvious scientific nature of the correspondence. A letter from Bonaparte, for instance, discusses the rivalry between the Philadelphia and New York orchestras. The Ord correspondence, written mostly from Europe, makes reference to Audubon, Ord's ornithological rival, and scientific publications and thought prominent in Europe. The Say correspondence, written from New Harmony, also provides insight on that utopian experiment and his relationship with Lesueur, who also settled in New Harmony. There are only a few Lesueur letters, all of which are in French and written from New Harmony.

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 Call #:  Mss.B.H334 
 Extent:  1.75 Linear Feet 
 Topics:  Natural history | Science and technology | Social Life and Custom 
 Genre:  General Correspondence | Scientific Data 
 Subjects:  Medical publishing -- United States -- 19th century. | Medical publishing -- United States. | Medicine -- Societies, etc. | Medicine -- United States -- 19th century. | Medicine -- United States. | Natural history. | Paleontology. 
71Author:  Olmsted, Denison, 1791-1859Requires cookie*
 Title:  Notes taken from Professor Olmsted's lectures on natural philosophy, 1827-1829     
 Dates:  1827-1829 
 Abstract:  This volume contains lecture notes from Denison Olmsted's class on natural philosophy at Yale University, 1827-1829. Discussions include astronomy, physics, principles of machinery, and Isaac Newton.

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 Call #:  Mss.B.OL5 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Education | Natural history | Science and technology 
 Genre:  Educational Material | Notebooks 
 Subjects:  Astronomy. | Physics. | Science -- Study and teaching (Higher) -- 19th century. 
72Author:  Patterson family.Requires cookie*
 Title:  Patterson-Lord papers, [ca. 1809]-1876     
 Dates:  Circa 1809-1876 
 Abstract:  Previously catalogued with the Robert Patterson Collection, The Patterson-Lord Collection contains contains a range of documents that touch on many different topics, although most have to do with science and engineering. The largest portion of the documents relate to scientific correspondence to Robert Patterson, a member of the APS. Much of this correspondence is done under the cover of official APS business. Of particular note are a series of letters relating to nautical calculations that include complex equations used to determine longitude and latitude for nautical almanacs.

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 Call #:  Mss.B.P274.2 
 Extent:  0.5 Linear Feet 
 Topics:  Americans Abroad | Education | Science and technology 
 Genre:  General Correspondence | Institutional Records 
 Subjects:  Education -- Europe -- 19th century. 
73Author:  Patterson, , Robert M. (Robert Maskell), 1787-1854Requires cookie*
 Title:  Robert Maskell Patterson notebooks, 1810-1811     
 Dates:  1810-1811 
 Abstract:  Previously catalogued as part of the the Robert Patterson Collection, this portion contains lecture notes on natural philosophy, death, mathematics, engineering, and other subjects. In addition to the notes, there is a class roster from the Universities of Pennsylvania and Virginia and copies of exams. There is also meteorological data for 1775 and 1776.

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 Call #:  Mss.B.P275.n 
 Extent:  4 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Education | Natural history | Science and technology 
 Genre:  Educational Material | Meteorological Data | Notebooks 
 Subjects:  Agriculture | Botany | Chemistry | Mineralogy | Physics | Zoology 
74Author:  Vaughan, John, 1756-1841Requires cookie*
 Title:  John Vaughan papers, 1768 - Circa 1936     
 Dates:  1768 - Circa 1936 
 Abstract:  The John Vaughan Collection is a large collection that reflects the life of this prominent Philadelphian and active member of the American Philosophical Society. The collection is large, but not as large as the Benjamin Vaughan Collection, the collection of John's brother's papers. John lived in Philadelphia and his correspondence contains information on elite society in this city. It also contains data on the operations of the APS during his lifetime. The collection has been well described and inventoried in MOLE.

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 Call #:  Mss.B.V462 
 Extent:  5 Linear Feet 
 Topics:  Natural history | Philadelphia History | Science and technology 
 Genre:  Family Correspondence | General Correspondence | Institutional Records | Political Correspondence | Scientific Correspondence 
 Subjects:  Medicine. | Planetariums. 
75Author:  Wheatley, Charles M. (Charles Moore), 1822-1882Requires cookie*
 Title:  Charles M.(Charles Moore) Wheatley papers, 1840-1882     
 Dates:  1840-1882 
 Abstract:  This collection contains the correspondence of Charles Wheatley. The correspondence captures his scientific undertakings in the mid/late-nineteenth century. Wheatley was based in Phoenixville, Pennsylvania and he was active in Philadelphia's scientific community.

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 Call #:  Mss.B.W558 
 Extent:  0.5 Linear Feet 
 Topics:  Education | Philadelphia History | Science and technology 
 Genre:  Scientific Correspondence 
 Subjects:  Mineralogy. | Mines and mineral resources -- Pennsylvania -- Phoenixville. | Mining engineers. | Natural history. | Paleontology. | Shells. 
76Author:  Correia da Serra, José Francisco, 1750-1823Requires cookie*
 Title:  Note nécrologique sur le Docteur Wistar, 1818     
 Dates:  1818 
 Abstract:  This small bound volume contains a range of information on Caspar Wistar's life. There is a French essay on Wistar, a 47-page printed eulogy published by the APS, various newspaper clippings, and letters from others, all commemorating Wistar's life. A range of significant moments in Wistar's life are discussed, such as the yellow fever epidemic, scientific pursuits and friends, and his career as a professor at the University of Pennsylvania

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 Call #:  Mss.B.W76c 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Medicine | Philadelphia History | Science and technology 
 Genre:  General Correspondence | Manuscript Essays | Printed Material 
 Subjects:  Physicians 
77Author:  Bruno, M. deRequires cookie*
 Title:  Essai metaphysique, physique et phisiologistique relativement à la découverte de M. Mesmer, 1786     
 Dates:  1786 
 Abstract:  This is a handwritten essay on Franz Mesmer and his claims to have healing and other metaphysical powers. Mesmer is today thought of as an early user of hypnosis. Throughout the 1770s and 1780s, he captivated French society. Marie Antoinette was particularly interested in his abilities. Finally, King Louis convened a scientific body in 1784 to examine the claims of Mesmer and his disciples. Benjamin Franklin, still in France as an American envoy, headed the committee, which debunked Mesmerism. The report can be found in the Papers of Benjamin Franklin and in the Diary of Benjamin Franklin Bache, both of which are at the APS.

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 Call #:  Mss.134.B83 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Beyond Early America | Medicine | Natural history | Science and technology 
 Genre:  Manuscript Essays 
 Subjects:  Animal magnetism. | Hypnotism. | Mesmerism. 
78Author:  Latrobe, Benjamin Henry, 1764-1820Requires cookie*
 Title:  Opinion On A Project For Removing the Obstructions To A Ship Navigation To Georgetown, Col.     
 Dates:  1812 
 Abstract:  This volume from Thomas Jefferson's personal library contains a series of pamphlets dealing with internal improvements that Jefferson bound together. The earliest and first one in the series dates to 1812 and is by Benjamin Latrobe. There are also official state reports on internal improvements, most notably from New York, and one from France and another from Great Britain. One of the pamphlets has detailed sketches of canal boats.

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 Call #:  Mss.626.L35o 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Engineering | International Trade. | Science and technology | Trade 
 Genre:  Printed Material 
79Author:  Gauld, George.Requires cookie*
 Title:  A general description of the sea-coasts, harbours, lakes, rivers, etc. of the province of West Florida, 1769     
 Dates:  1769 
 Abstract:  George Gauld served as a surveyor in the British Army. Stationed in Florida after the Seven Years' War, this collection contains his general observations of the recently acquired territory. Its MOLE entry is very detailed. There are two other general features that should be mentioned. First, Gauld's essay contains smatterings of references to Native Americans and occasionally local Native American names for geographic features. The second is that this document captures part of the imperial consolidation Great Britain began in the wake of the Seven Years' War.

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 Call #:  Mss.917.59.G23 
 Extent:  1 volume(s) 
 Topics:  Colonial Politics | Exploration. | Government Affairs | Science and technology | Surveying and Maps 
 Genre:  Maps and Surveys | Official Government Documents and Records 
 Subjects:  Hydrographic surveying -- Florida. | Rivers -- Florida. 
80Author:  Audubon, John James, 1785-1851Requires cookie*
 Title:  John James Audubon Papers     
 Dates:  1821-1845 
 Abstract:  This fairly large collection (over 200 letters) of John James Audubon material consists primarily of John's correspondence with his wife Lucy and son Victor. The collection shows a personal side of Audubon who kept his wife and son informed of all aspects of his work and travels. The letters to his wife – "my dearest friend" – are particularly affectionate and open.

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 Call #:  Mss.B.Au25 
 Extent:  0.75 Linear Feet 
 Topics:  Business and Skilled Trades | Literature, Arts, and Culture | Natural history | Printing and Publishing | Science and technology 
 Genre:  Art | Business Records and Accounts | Family Correspondence | General Correspondence 
 Subjects:  Birds -- North America | Natural history -- North America | Naturalist | Ornithologist | Ornithology -- North America 
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