Robinson and Greenman questionably identify this sheet as Ribes menziesii Pursh (1813: 732.), and Meehan (1898: 27) and Cutright (1969: 417) duly report the sheet under this name. The fragmentary specimen was collected on 8 Apr 1806. There is a degree of uncertainty where the party camped on 7-8 Apr (Moulton, 1991: 89). They were near Beacon Rock in Skamania Co., Washington, and Clark took a group across the Columbia River into Multnomah Co., Oregon. No mention is made of this plant in the journal of either explorer. Moulton (1991: 15) indicates that Lewis probably saw R. divaricatum on 25 Mar. The species is rather common along the lower Columbia River. (The Lewis & Clark Herbarium Digital Imagery Study Set, ANSP, 2002) On deposit at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia Collected by:Meriwether Lewis & William Clark Collection date:04/08/1806

The type was collected along the Columbia River on 27 Mar 1806 (Moulton, 1991: 45, 47). That day the expedition stopped near Rainier and near Globe, both in Columbia Co., Oregon. The specimens could have come from either location (Moulton, 1991: 19-22). (The Lewis & Clark Herbarium Digital Imagery Study Set, ANSP, 2002) On deposit at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia Collected by:Meriwether Lewis & William Clark Collection date:03/27/1806

The type was collected on the Lolo Trail in Idaho Co., Idaho, on 16 Jun 1806. The expedition traveled from Eldorado Creek to Fish Creek (Moulton, 1993: 27-31). (The Lewis & Clark Herbarium Digital Imagery Study Set, ANSP, 2002) On deposit at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia Collected by:Meriwether Lewis & William Clark Collection date:06/16/1806

The specimen, Lewis 50, is reported as Rosa woodsii Lindl. (Ros. Monogr.: 21. 1820) by Meehan (1898: 26) and by Cutright (1969: 418). The specimen was collected near the mouth of the Cannon Ball River, Sioux Co., North Dakota, on 18 Oct 1804 (Moulton, 1987a: 471). (The Lewis & Clark Herbarium Digital Imagery Study Set, ANSP, 2002) On deposit at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia Collected by:Meriwether Lewis & William Clark Collection date:10/18/1804

Meehan (1898: 26) reports this as Rubus nutkanus Moç. ex Ser. in DC. (Prodr. 2: 566. 1825) var. velutinus (Hook. & Arn.) Brewer (Bot. Calif. 1: 172. 1876), a related plant restricted to coastal California and now known as R. parviflorus var. velutinus (Hook. & Arn.) Greene (in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 17: 14. 1890). The specimen was gathered on 15 Apr 1806 at The Dalles in Wasco Co., Oregon. A note on the label indicates this is a "shrub of which the natives eat the yung sprout without kooking." On 8 Apr, apparently near the Cascades of the Columbia in Hood River Co., Oregon (Moulton, 1991: 89), Lewis encountered both this species and the next (see No. 172; Moulton, 1991: 96), and worked out the technical differences between them (p. 94). It is possible the specimens of R. parviflorus and R. spectabilis were collected at this time rather than on 15 Apr as noted on the labels. The plants occur in both locations. (The Lewis & Clark Herbarium Digital Imagery Study Set, ANSP, 2002) On deposit at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia Collected by:Meriwether Lewis & William Clark Collection date:04/15/1806

Pursh provides a full description in Latin. Ewan (1979: 97) excludes the Lewis and Clark collection, considering the two sheets at BM as the type. We hereby designate the Menzies sheet as the lectotype. The figure published by Pursh in 1813 is based on a portion of the Merck paratype. The Lewis and Clark paratype was collected at The Dalles in Wasco Co., Oregon, on 15 Apr 1806, according to the label data, but Lewis describes the plant on 8 Apr (see the discussion under Rubus parviflorus, No. 171 above). (The Lewis & Clark Herbarium Digital Imagery Study Set, ANSP, 2002) On deposit at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia Collected by:Meriwether Lewis & William Clark Collection date:03/27/1806

The type was collected near Kamiah in Idaho Co., Idaho, on 5 Jun 1806. Pursh lists this as "On the river Kooskoosky . . . June." Lewis refers to a "horsemint" in his journal of this date (Moulton, 1991: 335), but this probably refers to a different species. That common name typically applies to the genus Monarda, which Lewis would know from Virginia. Inasmuch as M. fistulosa L. var. menthaefolia (Grah.) Fernald (in Rhodora 46: 495. 1944) occurs in the area, and differs only slightly from the eastern variety, it is not likely Lewis would make a specimen of it or confuse it with skullcap, Scutellaria angustifolia. (The Lewis & Clark Herbarium Digital Imagery Study Set, ANSP, 2002) On deposit at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia Collected by:Meriwether Lewis & William Clark Collection date:06/05/1806

Same sheet as PH-LC 202b. The specimen was collected near Kamiah in Idaho Co., Idaho, on 5 Jun 1806. Lewis mentions several plants in his journal on this day, but not this species (Moulton, 1991: 335). Given the fine technical details that distinguish this species from the next (No. 177 below), it is not surprising that Pursh did not recognize he had a second new species of Sedum. It is equally understandable why others, save a monographer, failed to note the differences as well (e.g., Meehan, 1898: 28; Cutright, 1969: 419; Moulton, in press). (The Lewis & Clark Herbarium Digital Imagery Study Set, ANSP, 2002) On deposit at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia Collected by:Meriwether Lewis & William Clark Collection date:06/05/1806

Same sheet as PH-LC 202a. Pursh based his description of Sedum stenopetalum upon a mixed collection of this species and S. lanceolatum (see No. 176 above), citing simultaneously both locations as "On rocks on the banks of Clarck's river and Kooskoosky." Clausen's lectotypification was made specifically to maintain the long-established applications of both names. The lectotype was collected in the vicinity of Travelers' Rest in Missoula Co., Montana. The actual date was probably 2 Jul instead of the date (1 Jul) on the label as Lewis "found serveral other uncommon plants specemines of which I preserved" (Moulton, 1993: 79) on that day. (The Lewis & Clark Herbarium Digital Imagery Study Set, ANSP, 2002) On deposit at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia Collected by:Meriwether Lewis & William Clark Collection date:07/02/1806

Pursh's hand-written label indicates the specimen was collected on the "High dry prairies" on "Septb: 12. 1804." According to Moulton (1987a: 67-68), on 12 Sep 1804 the expedition was along the Missouri River of Charles Mix and Brule cos., South Dakota. Cutright (1969: 88) interprets the date on the specimen as 13 Sep. Moulton (in press) suggests this specimen was collected in 1806 and that Pursh mistakenly wrote 1804. The rationale for this is that the sheet is not accounted for in Lewis's list of plants gathered that year (Moulton, 1987a: 450-472). On 12 Sep 1806, the expedition was rapidly moving down the Missouri River. Their morning camp was mostly likely in Andrew Co., Missouri; their evening camp was at St. Michael's Prairie in Buchanan Co., Missouri (Moulton, 1993: 355-356). Liatris aspera was collected on 12 Sep 1804 (see No. 101 above), but was duly recorded in Lewis's list. The species is a common member of the Great Plains flora and the var. humilis is known to occur in Charles Mix and Brule cos., South Dakota (Great Plains Flora Association, 1977). Steyermark (Fl. Missouri: 1496, 1497. 1963), however, does not report the species from either Andrew or Buchanan cos. although it is found nearby. The var. humilis does occur in Missouri (Heard & Semple, 1988), albeit rarely, and then not along the Missouri River. The correct name of the taxon is probably Oligoneuron rigidum var. humilis (Porter) G. L. Nesom (in Phytologia 75: 27. 1993). Nesom (1993) defines Oligoneuron as a genus of six species. (The Lewis & Clark Herbarium Digital Imagery Study Set, ANSP, 2002) On deposit at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia Collected by:Meriwether Lewis & William Clark

According to Meehan (1898: 24), Robinson and Greenman questionably identify the collection as Pyrus sambucifolia Cham. & D.F.K. Schltdl. (in Linnaea 2: 36. 1827). Given that the specimen represented a species yet to be described, this is reasonable. Cutright (1969: 416) suggests the specimen might be Sorbus sitchensis M. Roem. (Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 3: 139. 1847). There are two labels on the sheet. The uppermost is an original Lewis label: "No. 24. found the 2th day of Septr. 1805. / a small growth only rising to the / hight of 15. feet moist situations / it seems to prefer. it is a handsome growth." The second label is one prepared by Pursh: "On the tops of the highest / peaks & mountains. / Jun. 27th 1806. / In the Rocky mountains." On 2 Sep 1805, Lewis was in Lemhi Co., Idaho, traveling along the North Fork of the Salmon River from near the mouth of Hull Creek to near the junction of Hammerean Creek (Moulton, 1988: 183-185). On 27 Jun 1806, the expedition was near Hungery Creek along the Lolo Trail in Idaho Co., Idaho (Moulton, 1993: 55-59). It is possible there are two collections here, with the three fragments on the left probably the 2 Sep specimens and the two fragments on the right perhaps gathered on 27 Jun. The lateness of the inflorescences, however, makes it more likely all the fragments were gathered on 2 Sep. The nature of this sheet is similar in many ways to PH-LC 135, a specimen of Lonicera utahensis (see No. 112 above). (The Lewis & Clark Herbarium Digital Imagery Study Set, ANSP, 2002) On deposit at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia Collected by:Meriwether Lewis & William Clark

Pursh proposed a new combination for Malva coccinea. It was long felt this was the first place of publication for the name until it was shown that the names in Fraser's Catalogue were validly published (Reveal, 1968) a few months before Pursh's book appeared in print. As a result the typification of the name on Lewis and Clark material proposed by Cutright (1969: 407) is inappropriate. On 20 Jul 1806 Lewis was along the Marias River in Toole Co., Montana, and reports several species of plants were "in full blume" (Moulton, 1993: 119). On the same day, Clark was camped along the Yellowstone River north of the mouth of Clarks Fork (Moulton, 1993: 208-209). While either explorer could have found the species, most likely this is a Lewis collection. Pursh provides a full description in Latin and indicates he saw Lewis material as well as garden specimens. Specimens on the Lambert sheet (PH-LC 208) are at odds with the specimens on the sheet retained by the American Philosophical Society. We suspect the majority (if not all) of fragments on the Lambert sheet represent garden specimens grown from seeds obtained by Nuttall on the upper Missouri in 1811. None of the fragments truly match the fragments on PH-LC 207 in terms of age and condition. In this instance, it is probably that the original Lewis and Clark fragments were discarded in favor of the flowering, garden specimens. As a result, we conclude PH-LC 208 is not an authentic Lewis and Clark collection. (The Lewis & Clark Herbarium Digital Imagery Study Set, ANSP, 2002) On deposit at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia Collected by:Meriwether Lewis & William Clark Collection date:07/20/1806

Crum and Anderson (1981) refer to the species as Stokesiella praelonga (Hedw.) Robins. Robinson (1967) and Ireland et al. (1980) recognized this as S. oregana, but Anderson et al. (1990) retained this species in its original genus described by Jaeger: Eurhynchium oreganum (Sull.) Jaeg. (Ber. S. Gall. Naturw. Ges. 1876-77: 361. 1878. Ad.2: 247). Many workers follow the more conservative taxonomy of Crum et al. (1990). This specimen was collected at Fort Clatsop, Clatsop Co., Oregon, on 20 Jan 1806. (The Lewis & Clark Herbarium Digital Imagery Study Set, ANSP, 2002) On deposit at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia Collected by:Meriwether Lewis & William Clark Collection date:01/20/1806

Synthyris missurica (Raf.) Pennell in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 85: 89. 1933, based on Veronica missurica Raf. in Amer. Monthly Mag. & Crit. Rev. 3: 175. 1818, a new name for Veronica reniformis Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept.: 10. Dec (sero) 1813 (non Raf., 1808). - Lectotype: PH-LC 211 (Moulton 166b), designated by Pennell (in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 85: 89. 1933). Duplicate of the lectotype: PH-LC 210 (Moulton 166a). Pursh provides a full description of the species in Latin. The type was collected on 26 Jun 1806 when the expedition was along Hungery Creek below Willow Ridge in Idaho Co., Idaho (Moulton, 1993: 52-55). (The Lewis & Clark Herbarium Digital Imagery Study Set, ANSP, 2002) On deposit at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia Collected by:Meriwether Lewis & William Clark Collection date:06/26/1806

According to the label, type material of this species was collected on 1 Jul 1806. The actual date was probably 2 Jul as Lewis "found serveral other uncommon plant specemines of which I preserved" (Moulton, 1993: 79). Lewis also wrote "I found two speceis of native clover here, the one with a very narrow leaf and a pale red flower, the other nearly as luxouriant as our red clover with a white flower the leaf and blume of the latter are proportionably large." Moulton (1993: 80) suggests the first of the two is Trifolium microcephalum. Pursh gives the location as "On the banks of Clarck's river . . . July" and the label has "Valley of Clarks R." We presume the collection was made in the Bitterroot Valley at or near Traveler's Rest. (The Lewis & Clark Herbarium Digital Imagery Study Set, ANSP, 2002) On deposit at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia Collected by:Meriwether Lewis & William Clark Collection date:07/02/1806

The type was collected "near the rapids" on 10 Apr 1806. The plant may have been collected along the Columbia River below the Cascades in Skamania Co., Washington, as Lewis walked along that portion of the shore, or on Bradford (then "Bryant") Island, Multnomah Co., Oregon, where Lewis gathered Fritillaria affinis (see Moulton 1991: 101-104). (The Lewis & Clark Herbarium Digital Imagery Study Set, ANSP, 2002) On deposit at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia Collected by:Meriwether Lewis & William Clark Collection date:04/10/1806

The type was collected along the Lolo Trail in Idaho Co., Idaho, on 15 Jun 1806 although Pursh says "On the waters of the Kooskoosky." The expedition was north of Lolo Creek and camped that evening along Eldorado Creek near the mouth of Lunch Creek (Moulton, 1993: 25-27). (The Lewis & Clark Herbarium Digital Imagery Study Set, ANSP, 2002) On deposit at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia Collected by:Meriwether Lewis & William Clark Collection date:06/05/1806

Meehan (1898: 34) and Cutright (1969: 411) list this as Microseris macrochaeta (A. Gray) Schultz-Bip. (Pollichia 22-24: 309. 1866), a synonym of the infrequently distinguished M. linearifolia (Nutt.) Schultz-Bip. (Pollichia 22-24: 308. 1866). The combined species is better known as M. lindleyi (DC.) A. Gray (in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 9: 210. 1874) as treated by Cronquist (Interm. Fl. 5: 428. 1994). We follow Chambers (Jepson Man.: 355-356. 1993), the current monographer of the generic complex, in adopting Uropappus. The specimen was collected at Rock Fort Camp near The Dalles in Wasco Co., Oregon, on 17 Apr 1806 (Moulton, 1991: 130-132). (The Lewis & Clark Herbarium Digital Imagery Study Set, ANSP, 2002) On deposit at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia Collected by:Meriwether Lewis & William Clark Collection date:04/17/1806

Pursh provides a full Latin description of this new species. Lewis collected the plant "On the waters of Cokahlaishkit river, near the Rocky-mountains" according to Pursh, or along the Blackfoot River west of Lewis and Clark Pass in Lewis and Clark Co., Montana, on 7 Jul 1806 (Moulton, 1993: 95-96). (The Lewis & Clark Herbarium Digital Imagery Study Set, ANSP, 2002) On deposit at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia Collected by:Meriwether Lewis & William Clark Collection date:07/07/1806

Meehan (1898: 46) lists this as Zizania palustris {errore, Z. aquatica -Spamer & McCourt, here} L. (Mant. Pl. 2: 295. 1771). The var. palustris occur commonly along the Missouri River near the Nebraska-South Dakota state line where Lewis gathered his specimen on 8 Sep 1804 (Moulton, 1987a: 469). While this is at the very edge of the northward distribution of var. interior as now defined (Terrell et al., 1997), Lewis 59 is clearly representative of the variety. (The Lewis & Clark Herbarium Digital Imagery Study Set, ANSP, 2002) On deposit at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia Collected by:Meriwether Lewis & William Clark Collection date:09/08/1804