Subject • | Race, race relations, racism |
(19)
| • | Slaves, slavery, slave trade |
(17)
| • | Abolition, emancipation, freedom |
(16)
| • | Social conditions, social advocacy, social reform |
(14)
| • | Biology, genetics, eugenics |
(13)
| • | General Correspondence |
(11)
| • | African American |
(10)
| • | Culture, community, organizations |
(9)
| • | Genetics |
(9)
| • | American Philosophical Society |
(8)
| • | Family Correspondence |
(8)
| • | Science and technology |
(8)
| • | Sketches. |
(8)
| • | Anthropology, ethnography, fieldwork |
(7)
| • | Early National Politics |
(7)
| • | Eugenics |
(7)
| • | Pennsylvania History |
(7)
| • | Philadelphia History |
(7)
| • | Photographs |
(7)
| • | Behavioral genetics, IQ |
(6)
| • | Business Records and Accounts |
(6)
| • | Conferences and symposia |
(6)
| • | Diaries. |
(6)
| • | Gelatin silver prints |
(6)
| • | Human genetics |
(6)
| • | International Travel |
(6)
| • | Miscellaneous |
(6)
| • | Plantations |
(6)
| • | Publication |
(6)
| • | Religion |
(6)
| • | Scientific organizations, meetings, programs |
(6)
| • | Travel Narratives and Journals |
(6)
| • | Anthropology |
(5)
| • | Biographical and personal data |
(5)
| • | Boas, Franz, 1858-1942 |
(5)
| • | Dobzhansky, Theodosius Grigorievich, 1900-1975 |
(5)
| • | Evolution |
(5)
| • | Fellowships, assistantships |
(5)
| • | History of biology, especially genetics |
(5)
| • | Human genetics -- Race |
(5)
| • | Manuscript Essays |
(5)
| • | Marriage and Family Life |
(5)
| • | National Academy of Sciences |
(5)
| • | Native America |
(5)
| • | Political issues |
(5)
| • | Religion, religious organizations |
(5)
| • | Research support |
(5)
| • | Russian politics and science |
(5)
| • | Slavery -- United States. |
(5)
| • | Travel |
(5)
|
| | Author: | American Eugenics Society | Requires cookie* | | Title: | American Eugenics Society Records
| | | Dates: | 1916-1973 | | | Abstract: | Eugenics was inevitably entangled in many aspects of American social and political life, and particularly in setting and supporting national policy with regard to immigration and the treatment of ethnic and racial minorities. The records in this collection may prove useful to students of African American history in this regard. | | | Call #: | Mss.575.06.Am3 | | | Extent: | 12 Linear Feet | | | |
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| | Subjects: | American Eugenics Society | Behavioral genetics, IQ | Biographical and personal data | Biology, genetics, eugenics | Business | Business -- Newsletters | Carnegie Corporation | Committee activities | Committee activities -- Massachusetts | Committee activities -- Pennsylvania | Committee activities -- Utah | Conferences and symposia | Congratulations, greetings, thanks | Educational matters -- Research programs | Embryology, developmental genetics | Eugenics | Eugenics -- Societies, etc. | Eugenics -- United States | Fellowships, assistantships | Fellowships, assistantships -- University of Michigan | Fitter Family Contests | Genetics -- Societies, etc. | Graduate study | Harvard University | History of biology, especially genetics | Human evolution, physical anthropology | Human genetics | Human genetics -- Pedigrees | Human genetics -- Race | International Congress of Eugenics -- Second Congress | Lectures, public speaking -- Sermons | Maps | National Research Council | Osborn, Frederick, 1889-1981 | Photographs | Political issues | Political issues -- Birth control | Population Council | Population genetics | Population, demography | Princeton Conferences | Publication | Race, race relations, racism | Research support | Research support -- Bajema, Carl Jay | Reviews | Scientific organizations, meetings, programs | Scientific organizations, meetings, programs -- Population Council | Scientific organizations, meetings, programs -- Society for the Study of Social Biology | Solicitations for support or contribution | Unpublished manuscripts, notes, etc. | Whitney, Leon Fradley, 1894-19 | World War II -- Impact on science | |
| Author: | American Philosophical Society | Requires cookie* | | Title: | American Philosophical Society Archives
| | | Dates: | 1743-1984 | | | Abstract: | The APS archives does not contain a tremendous amount of African American history materials. Nevertheless, the following letter is significant: Dearborn, Benjamin. Letter to the American Philosophical Society. 1803 February 4. Suggestions on the abolition of slavery. | | | Call #: | APS.Archives | | | Extent: | 192.25 Linear Feet | | | |
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| | Subjects: | Abolition, emancipation, freedom | Adena culture -- West Virginia | African American | American Philosophical Society | Anishinaabe | Astronomy -- 18th century | Aztecs. | Bache, A.D. (Alexander Dallas), 1806-1867 | Bache, Franklin (1792-1864) | Bell, Whitfield J. (Whitfield | Brown, Samuel, 1768-1805 | Cherokee Indians | Choctaw Indians | Colonial Politics | Dercum, Francis X. (Francis Xavier), 1856-1931 | Early National Politics | Eastern Woodlands Indians | Education | Grave Creek Mound (Marshall County, West Virginia) | Hanson, Laura E. | Hassler, F. R (Ferdinand Rudolph), 1770-1843 | History of science and technology. | Indians of Mexico | Indians of North America -- Kentucky | Indians of North America -- Mississippi | Indians of North America -- Northwest Coast | Indians of North America -- West Virginia | Institutional Records | Keen, William W. (William Williams) | Lingelbach , William E. (William Ezra), 1871-1962 | Miscellaneous | Morris, Roland Sletor, 1874-19 | Mound builders | Native America | Native American Materials | Natural history | Natural history -- 18th century | Natural history -- 19th century | Ojibwe people | Patterson, , Robert M. (Robert Maskell), 1787-1854 | Pencil works | Pennsylvania History | Philadelphia History | Plains Indians | Priestly, Joseph R. | Science and technology | Scientific Correspondence | Shryock, Richard Harrison (1893-1972) | Slaves, slavery, slave trade | Southeast Indians | United States History. | Vautravers, Jean-Rodolphe | Warden, David Baillie, 1772-18 | Wood, George Bacon, 1797-1879 | |
| Author: | Boas, Franz, 1858-1942 | Requires cookie* | | Title: | Franz Boas Papers
| | | Dates: | 1862-1942 | | | Abstract: | This collection has the potential to be rich for students of attitudes toward race in the United States. Among the many topics covered are the study and teaching of anthropology, ethnography, linguistics, progressive social causes, and the expulsion of European scholars under German national socialism. | | | Call #: | Mss.B.B61 | | | Extent: | 59 Linear Feet | | | |
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| | Subjects: | Albumen prints | Andrews, H.A. | Anthropologists -- United States. | Anthropology -- Research -- United States | Anthropology -- United States -- History. | Anthropology -- United States. | Anthropology, ethnography, fieldwork | Arctic Indians | Beckwith, Martha Warren, 1871-1959 | Boas, Ernst P. (Ernst Philip), 1891-1955 | Boas, Franz, 1858-1942 | Bogoras, Waldemar, 1865-1936 | Bowditch, Charles P. (Charles Pickering), 1842-1921 | Britton, Nathaniel Lord, 1859-1934 | Bumpus, Hermon Carey, 1862-1943 | Butler, Nicholas Murray, 1862-1947 | Cabinet cards | Cattell, James McKeen, 1860-1944 | Chávez, Ezequiel Adeodato, 1868-1946 | Crane, M. E. | Dixon , Roland Burrage, 1875-1934 | Engerrand, George C., 1877-1961 | Ethnology -- North America | Fackenthal, Frank Diehl, 1883-1968 | Franchtenberg, Leo Joachim, 1883-1930 | Gelatin silver prints | Germanistic Society of America | Gordon, George Byron, 1911- | Heye, George G. (George Gustav), 1874-1957 | Hodge, Frederick Webb, 1864-1956 | Holmes, William Henry, 1846-1933 | Hrdlicka, Ales, 1869-1943 | Indians of North America -- British Columbia | Indians of North America -- Ethnology | Indians of North America -- Languages | Indians of North America -- Northwest Coast | Indians of North America -- Nunavut | Inuit | Jewish scientists | Jochelson, Waldemar, 1855-1937 | Keppel, Frederick P. (Frederick Paul), 1875-1943 | Kroeber, A. L. (Alfred Louis), 1876-1960 | Kwakiutl Indians | Laufer , Berthold, 1874-1934 | Maps | McGee, W. J., 1853-1912 | Michelson, Truman, 1879-1938 | Negatives | Northwest Coast Indians | Parsons, Elsie Worthington Clews, 1875-1941 | Photomechanical prints | Postcards | Race, race relations, racism | Radin, Paul, 1883-1959 | Refugees, Political | Sapir, Edward, 1884-1939 | Sargent, H. E. | Scientists, Refugee | Seler, Eduard | Sketches. | Social conditions, social advocacy, social reform | Socialists -- United States | Steinen, Karl von den, 1855-1929 | Swanton, John Reed, 1873-1958 | Teit, James Alexander, 1864-1922 | Tlingit Indians | Tozzer, Alfred M. -- (Alfred Marston), -- 1877-1954. | Wissler, Clark, 1870-1947 | Woodbridge, Frederick James Eugene, 1867-1940 | |
| Author: | Darwin, Charles, 1809-1882 | Requires cookie* | | Title: | An Annotated Calendar of the Letters of Charles Darwin in the Library of the American Philosophical Society
| | | Dates: | 1799-1882 | | | Abstract: | One of the most important natural historians in nineteenth-century Britain, Charles Darwin provided the first compelling mechanism to account for organismal evolutionary change. In at least two letters in the Darwin collection, the naturalist reflects upon the nature of race. In a letter dated 8 October [1845], Darwin questions whether there is a connection between race and susceptibility to different types of lice. In a letter dated 25 October [1859], Darwin dispels other scientists' claims that there are several species of man. | | | Call #: | Mss.B.D25 | | | Extent: | 2.5 Linear Feet | | | |
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| | Subjects: | Adaptation (Biology) | Beyond Early America | Biology, genetics, eugenics | Bowerbank, James Scott, 1797-1877 | Buckland, William, 1784-1856 | Coral reefs and islands | Darwin, Charles, 1809-1882 | Darwin, Jane -- Trials, litigation, etc. | Evolution (Biology) | Evolution -- Religious aspects | Eyton, Thomas Campbell, 1809-1880 | Flower , William Henry, 1831-1899 | Forbes, David, 1828-1876 | Foster, M., Sir (Michael), 1836-1907 | Genetics | Geology -- Great Britain -- 19th century | Golden, Sybil Rebecca | Gray, John Edward, 1800-1875 | Gulick, John Thomas, 1832-1923 | Günther, Albert C. L. G. (Albert Carl Ludwig Gotthilf), 1830-1914 | Hancock, Albany, 1806-1873 | Herbert, John Maurice, 1808-1882 | Heredity | Horner, Leonard, 1785-1864 | Human evolution | Lankester, E. Ray, Sir (Edwin Ray), 1847-1929 | Leidy, Joseph, 1823-1891 | Lubbock, J. W. (John William), 1803-1865 | Natural history -- Great Britain -- 19th century | Natural selection | Naturalists -- England | Ogle, William, 1827-1912 | Phillips, John, 1800-1874 | Quatrefages, A. de (Armand de), 1810-1892 | Race, race relations, racism | Ramsay, A. C. (Andrew Crombie), 1814-1891 | Religion and science -- 1860-1899 | Romanes, George John, 1848-1894 | Thwaites, George Henry Kendrick, 1811-1882 | Transmutation of animals | Variation (Biology) | Walsh, B. D. (Benjamin Dann), 1808-1869 | Wyman, Jeffries, 1864- | |
| Author: | Davenport, Charles Benedict, 1866-1944 | Requires cookie* | | Title: | Charles Benedict Davenport Papers
| | | Dates: | 1874-1946 | | | Abstract: | Of interest to researchers of African American history and culture will be Davenport's activities in the fields of genetics (especially eugenics), which are documented in his personal and professional correspondence and by his activities on such committees as the Committee on the Study of the American Negro. | | | Call #: | Mss.B.D27 | | | Extent: | 63 Linear Feet | | | |
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| | Subjects: | Academic freedom | Afro-Americans | American Association for the Advancement of Science | American Eugenics Society | American Museum of Natural History | American Philosophical Society | Anthropology | Appointment books, diaries, notebooks | Baur, Erwin | Behavioral genetics, IQ | Belling, John | Bermuda Biological Station | Bermuda Biological Station | Bibliographical matters | Bibliographical matters -- Abstracts | Biochemistry and organic chemistry | Biographical and personal data | Biographical and personal data -- Belling, John | Biographical and personal data -- Bridges, Calvin B. | Biographical and personal data -- Clausen, Roy Elwood | Biographical and personal data -- Davenport, Charles Benedict | Biographical and personal data -- Goodspeed, Thomas Harper | Biographical and personal data -- Vries, Hugo de | Biographical and personal data -- Zeleny, Charles | Biological Farm Project | Biologists. | Biology | Biology, genetics, eugenics | Birds | Blacks. | Blakeslee, Albert Francis | Botany and plant genetics | Brooklyn Botanical Garden | Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences | Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences | Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute | Burbank, Luther | Business | Cancer, chemotherapy | Carnegie Institution of Washington | Carnegie Institution of Washington -- Burbank, Luther | Carnegie Institution of Washington. Department of Genetics | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory -- Agol, I. J. | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory -- Levit, Solomon G. | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory -- Offerman, Carlos | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory -- Property | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. | Committee activities | Committee activities -- Executive committee | Committee activities -- Sterilization | Conferences and symposia | Congratulations, greetings, thanks -- 75th birthday | Cytogenetics | Davenport, Charles Benedict, 1866-1944 | Demerec, Milislav | Displaced German scholars | Drosophila genetics | Drosophila genetics -- Mutation rates | Ecology | Editorial matters | Editorial matters -- Genetics | Educational matters | Educational matters -- Dartmouth College | Embryology, developmental genetics | Ethical issues | Eugenics | Eugenics Record Association | Eugenics Record Office | Eugenics Record Office -- Bylaws | Eugenics Record Office -- Fieldworkers | Eugenics Record Office -- History | Eugenics Record Office -- Psychology | Eugenics Record Office -- Reports | Eugenics Record Office -- Summer courses | Eugenics Research Association | Eugenics Research Association | Evolution | Fellowships, assistantships | Genetics | Genetics -- Dogs | Genetics -- Horses | Genetics -- Lymantria | Genetics -- Sciara | Genetics -- Sheep | Genetics of plants | Genetics of plants -- Bursa | Genetics of plants -- Crepis | Genetics of plants -- Datura | Genetics of plants -- Mucor | Genetics of plants -- Oenothera | Genetics, Animal | Goldschmidt, Richard Benedict | Graduate study | Graduate study -- Harvard University | Harriman, Mrs. | Harriman, Mrs. E. H. | Harris, J. A. | Harvard University | History of biology, especially genetics | History of biology, especially genetics -- Darwin, Charles | History of biology, especially genetics -- Mendel, Gregor | Honors | Human Betterment Foundation | Human evolution, physical anthropology | Human evolution, physical anthropology -- Jamaicans | Human genetics | Human genetics -- Epilepsy | Human genetics -- Musical capacity | Human genetics -- Twins | International Congress of Eugenics | International Congress of Eugenics -- Exhibits | International Congress of Eugenics -- First Congress | International Congress of Eugenics -- Second Congress | International Congress of Eugenics -- Third Congress | International Congress of Genetics | International Congress of Genetics -- Fifth Congress | International Congress of Genetics -- Sixth Congress | International Congress of Zoology | International Congress of Zoology -- Eighth Congress | International Congress of Zoology -- First Congress | International Congress of Zoology -- Second Congress | International Congress of Zoology -- Seventh Congress | Invitations | Jennings, Herbert Spencer | Johns Hopkins University | Laboratory techniques, equipment | Laughlin, Harry Hamilton | Lectures, public speaking | Lectures, public speaking -- Experimental evolution | Letchworth Village | Letchworth Village | Long Island Biological Association | Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole | Merriam, John C. (John Campbell), 1869-1945 | Metz, Charles W. | Mohr, Otto Louis | Morgan, Thomas Hunt | Mount Holyoke College | Mount Hope Farm | Mouse genetics | Nassau County Association. | National Academy of Sciences | National Academy of Sciences -- Committee activities | National Research Council | National Research Council -- Committee activities | Ohio State University | Pellagra | Philosophy of science | Physiology | Political issues | Political issues -- Germany | Political issues -- Immigration | Political issues -- Pollution | Political issues -- Sterilization | Poultry genetics | Psychology | Publication | Publication -- Eugenical News | Publication -- Genetics | Punnett, Reginald Crundall | Rabbit genetics | Race Betterment Foundation | Race crossing | Race, race relations, racism | Radiation genetics | Rafinesque, Constantine | Rat genetics | Recommendations | Recommendations -- Bernstein, Felix | Recommendations -- Blakeslee, Albert Francis | Recommendations -- Burbank, Luther | Recommendations -- Harris, Reginald | Recommendations -- MacDowell, E. Carleton | Recommendations -- Morgan, Thomas Hunt | Recommendations -- Nobel Prize | Recommendations -- Satina, Sophie | Recommendations -- Steggerda, Morris | Recommendations -- Wright, Sewall | Referee's report | Regeneration | Requests for aid in finding positions | Requests for reprints | Research support | Reviews | Reviews -- Books | Roscoe B. Jackson Memorial Laboratory | Russian politics and science | Scientific organizations, meetings, programs | Scientific organizations, meetings, programs -- American Breeders' Association | Scientific organizations, meetings, programs -- International Federation of Eugenics Organizations | Scientific refugees | Shull, George Harrison | Solicitations for support or contribution | Station for Experimental Evolution -- Annual reports | Station for Experimental Evolution -- Beginnings | Station for Experimental Evolution -- Five-year plan (1920) | Station for Experimental Evolution -- History | Station for Experimental Evolution -- Library | Station for Experimental Evolution -- Plans | Station for Experimental Evolution -- Staff | Statistics, biostatistics, biometrics | Steggerda, Morris | Teaching | Teaching -- Dartmouth College | Teaching -- Harvard University | Teaching -- Princeton University | Teaching -- Smith College | Teaching -- University of Minnesota | Tower, William L. | Travel -- Germany | Travel -- Invitations, arrangements | University of Chicago | University of Michigan | University of Pittsburgh | University of Texas | Unpublished manuscripts, notes, etc. | Whitman, Charles Otis | Woodward, Robert | World War I -- Impact on science | World War II -- Impact on science | Zea (maize) genetics | Zoology | Zoology -- Gorillas | |
| Author: | Dobzhansky, Theodosius Grigorievich, 1900-1975 | Requires cookie* | | Title: | Theodosius Dobzhansky Papers
| | | Dates: | Circa 1917-1975 | | | Abstract: | Scholars of African American history will find interesting material in this collection on the subjects of race and biology, in particular in regards to Dobzhansky's work with L. C. Dunn and Ashley Montagu. | | | Call #: | Mss.B.D65 | | | Extent: | 12.5 Linear Feet | | | |
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| | Subjects: | Astaurov, Boris L. | Ayala, Francisco J. | Behavioral genetics, IQ | Biochemistry and organic chemistry | Biographical and personal data | Biographical and personal data -- Timofeeff-Ressovsky, Nikolai W. | Biological Sciences Curriculum Study | Biology, genetics, eugenics | Brazil | California Institute of Technology | Chetverikov, Sergei S. | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory | Columbia University | Columbia University. | Conferences and symposia | Congratulations, greetings, thanks -- Dobzhansky, Theodosius. 70th birthday | Crick, Francis H. C. | Crow, James F. | Cytogenetics | Dobzhansky, Theodosius Grigorievich, 1900-1975 | Drosophila -- Genetics | Drosophila genetics | Drosophila genetics -- Mexico | Dubinin, Nikolai Petrovich | Ecology | Editorial matters | Ethical issues | Evolution | Fellowships, assistantships | Genetics | Graduate study -- Kessler, Seymour | History of biology, especially genetics | Honors | Human evolution, physical anthropology | Human genetics -- Race | Invitations | Jensen, Arthur Robert | Kimura, Motoo | Koltsov, N. K. | Laboratory techniques, equipment | Lectures, public speaking | Lewontin, Richard Charles | Mexico | Molecular genetics | Mouse genetics | Muller, Hermann Joseph | National Academy of Sciences | National Academy of Sciences -- Allard, Robert Wayne | National Academy of Sciences -- Ayala, Francisco J. | National Academy of Sciences -- Carson, Hampton L. | National Academy of Sciences -- Lewontin, Richard Charles | National Academy of Sciences -- Shockley, William | National Academy of Sciences -- Wallace, Bruce | Photographs | Poetry and literature | Political issues | Political issues -- Chile | Political issues -- Greece | Political issues -- Israel | Population genetics | Powell, Jeffrey R. | Publication | Publication -- Evolutionary Biology | Publication -- Genetics | Race, race relations, racism | Radiation genetics | Recommendations | Recommendations -- Richmond, Rollin C. | Research support | Reviews | Rockefeller Foundation | Russian politics and science | Russian politics and science -- Lysenko, Trofim Denisovich | Russian politics and science -- Medvedev, Zhores A. | Russians -- United States | Scientific organizations, meetings, programs | Shockley, William | Teaching | Teaching -- Evolution | Teaching -- Harvard University | Timofeeff-Ressovsky, Nikolai W. | Travel -- Brazil | Travel -- Chile | Travel -- Ecuador | Travel -- France | Travel -- India | Travel -- Invitations, arrangements | Travel -- Israel | Travel -- Japan | Travel -- Mexico | Travel -- Russia | Travel -- Yugoslavia | University of California, Davis | University of Texas | University of Thessaloniki | Unpublished manuscripts, notes, etc. | Venezuela | Wallace, Bruce | Weisbrot, David | World War II -- Impact on science | Wright, Sewall | |
| Author: | Dunn, L. C. , (Leslie Clarence), 1893-1974 | Requires cookie* | | Title: | L. C. Dunn Papers
| | | Dates: | 1911-1974 | | | Abstract: | Scholars of African American history will find interesting material in this collection on the subjects of race and biology, in particular in regards to Dunn's work with Theodosius Dobzhansky and Ashley Montagu. | | | Call #: | Mss.B.D917 | | | Extent: | 15.5 Linear Feet | | | |
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| | Subjects: | American-Soviet Friendship Council | American-Soviet Science Society. | Biology, genetics, eugenics | Bjerknes, Kristian Bonnevie, 1901- | Blakeslee, Albert Francis,1874-1954. | Boas, Franz, 1858-1942 | Bonnevie, Kristine | Bridges, Calvin B. (Calvin Blackman), 1889-1938 | Carrel, Alexis, 1873-1944 | Caspari, Ernst W. | Castle, William E., (William Ernest), 1867-1962 | Cohn, Alfred E., (Alfred Einstein), 1879-1957 | Columbia University. | Corner, George Washington, 1889-1981 | Dahlberg, Gunnar, 1893-1956 | Danforth, Charles H. (Charles Haskell) | David, Paul R. | Demerec, M., (Milislav), 1895-1966 | Developmental genetics | Dobzhansky, Theodosius Grigorievich, 1900-1975 | Drosophila -- Genetics | Dunn, L. C. , (Leslie Clarence), 1893-1974 | Emergency Committee in Aid of Displaced German Scholars | Ephrussi, Boris, 1901-1979 | Eugenics | Evolution (Biology) | Fisher, Ronald Aylmer, Sir, 1890-1962 | Geneticists | Genetics | Genetics -- Soviet Union | Geyer-Duszynska, Irene, 1924- | Goldschmidt, Richard | Gumbel, Emil J. | Heredity | Huxley, Julian, 1887-1975 | Iltis, Hugo | Italy -- Population studies | Ivanyi, Pavol | Jennings, H. S., (Herbert Spencer), 1868-1947 | Jews -- Population studies | Jews -- Rome | Jollas, Victor | Landauer , Walter | Landsteiner, Karl, 1868-1943 | Lectures | Lewontin, Richard Charles | Mice -- Genetics | Mohr, Otto Louis, 1886- | Mohr, Tove | Morgan, Thomas Hunt, 1866-1945 | Muller, H. J., (Hermann Joseph), 1890-1967 | National Research Council. Committee on Experimental Animals and Plants | Notebooks | Photoprints | Political refugees -- United States | Popuation biology | Poultry -- Genetics | Primatology | Race, race relations, racism | Science and politics | Stern, Curt, 1902-1981 | Wilson, Edwin Bidwell, 1879-1964 | |
| Author: | Eugenics Record Office | Requires cookie* | | Title: | Eugenics Record Office Records
| | | Dates: | 1670-1964 | | | Abstract: | Eugenics was inevitably entangled in many aspects of American social and political life, and particularly in setting and supporting national policy with regard to immigration and the treatment of ethnic and racial minorities. The ERO Records reflect the eugenical fascination with identifying race-based traits and with locating clear lines of demarcation between the races in terms of behavior, intelligence, and physical characteristics. Race is a particularly clear factor in several files in the Trait Files Series I (documenting the inheritance of purportedly discrete genetic characteristics): "Jamaica anthropometry" (Box 4), "Race suicide and childlessness" (Box 7), "Twins, Negro" (Box 13), "Skin color," "Spotted skin," and "Mulattoes" (Box 26), "Finger prints - Jamaica schoolchildren" and "Woolly hair" (Box 27) and several files under the heading "Race," "Race crossing," and "Negro" (Box 61, 62, 64). The Fitter Family Studies (Series VI) displays an equal concern for racial demarcation, and include some correspondence with the Race Betterment Foundation. | | | Call #: | Mss.Ms.Coll.77 | | | Extent: | 330.5 Linear Feet | | | |
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| | Subjects: | Algonquin Indians | American Eugenics Society | Apache Indians | Aztecs. | Biology, genetics, eugenics | Carib Indians | Carnegie Institution of Washington | Carnegie Institution. Department of Genetics | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. | Cuna Indians | Davenport, Charles Benedict | Davenport, Charles Benedict, 1866-1944 | Eskimos | Eugenics | Eugenics Record Office | Evolution | Gelatin silver prints | Genetics | Heredity | Human genetics | Indians of Central America -- Panama | Laughlin, Harry Hamilton | Laughlin, Harry Hamilton, 1880 | Photomechanical prints | Plains Indians | Pueblo Indians | Race, race relations, racism | Sioux Nation | Smithsonian Institution. Bureau of American Ethnology. | Station for Experimental Evolution | |
| Author: | Feinstone, Sol,1888-1980,colle | Requires cookie* | | Title: | Sol Feinstone Slavery collection, 1773-1888
| | | Dates: | 1773-1888 | | | Abstract: | A rich source of material for students of African American history. | | | Call #: | Mss.326.F33 | | | Extent: | 0.5 Linear Feet | | | |
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| | Subjects: | Abolition, emancipation, freedom | African American | African Americans -- History -- To 1863 | Brown, John, 1800-1859 | Douglass, Frederick, 1818-1895 | Early National Politics | Feinstone, Sol,1888-1980,colle | Garrison, William Lloyd, 1805-1879 | Jackson, Andrew, 1767-1845 | Legal Records | Miscellaneous | Official Government Documents and Records | Pennsylvania History | Reconstruction | Slavery -- United States. | Slaves, slavery, slave trade | |
| Author: | Foulke, William Parker, 1816-1865 | Requires cookie* | | Title: | William Parker Foulke Papers, 1840-1865
| | | Dates: | 1840-1865 | | | Abstract: | Among his many interests, Foulke was concerned with the colonization of West Africa for settlement of ex-slaves. As an agent for the Pennsylvania Colonization Society, Foulke kept a valuable diary of his activities in 1852. Colonization also appears as a theme in his correspondence with Edward Everett (1794-1865), Elliott Cresson (1796-1854), John H. B. Latrobe (1803-1891), William Francis Lynch (1801-1865), and William McLain (1855-1857), among others. Many of the above letters have been digitized, and a gallery to promote the study of the colonization cause in the Foulke Papers can be found here: https://diglib.amphilsoc.org/gallery-colonization-foulke | | | Call #: | Mss.B.F826 | | | Extent: | 3.75 Linear Feet | | | |
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| | Subjects: | Abolition, emancipation, freedom | Advance (Brig) | Africa, West -- Description and travel | American Academy of Music (Philadelphia, Pa.) | American Colonization Society | Antislavery movements -- Pennsylvania | Archaeology -- Pennsylvania | Arctic Regions -- Discovery and exploration | Bache, A.D. (Alexander Dallas), 1806-1867 | Bringhurst | Cadwalader, John | Carey, Henry Charles, 1793-1879 | Carson, Joseph, 1808-1876 | Cassin, John, 1813-1869 | Colonization, repatriation | Dinosaurs -- New Jersey | Dix, Dorothea Lynde, 1802-1887 | Du Ponceau, Peter Stephen, 1760-1844 | Eastern State Penitentiary (Philadelphia, Pa.) | Everett, Edward, 1794-1865 | Foulke, William Parker, 1816-1865 | Frazer, John Fries, 1812-1872 | Freemasons -- Pennsylvania | General Correspondence | Geological Survey of Pennsylvania | Geology -- Pennsylvania | Gilpin, Henry D. (Henry Dilwor | Grinnell, Henry | Hart, George H. | Haviland, John, 1792-1852 | Hayes, I. I. (Isaac Israel), 1832-1881 | Kane, Elisha Kent, 1820-1857 | Kane, Elisha Kent, 1820-1857 | Lancaster (Penn.) County Prison | Landis, Henry D. | Law | LeConte, John L. (John Lawrence), 1825-1883 | Legal Records | Leidy, Joseph, 1823-1891 | Lesley, J. P. (J. Peter), 1819-1903 | Liberia -- Description and travel | Literature | Literature, Arts, and Culture | Lyceums -- Pennsylvania -- Philadelphia | Manuscript Essays | Mesmerism | Miscellaneous | Morton, Samuel George, 1799-1851 | Native America | New York Prison Association | Olden, Charles Smith | Packard, Frederick A. (Frederick Adolphus) (1794-1867) | Pennsylvania -- Description and travel -- 19th century | Pennsylvania History | Philadelphia -- History -- 19th century | Philadelphia History | Philadelphia Society For Alleviating the Miseries of Public Prisons | Political Correspondence | Prison reformers -- Pennsylvania | Prisons -- Design and construction | Prisons -- New York (State) | Prisons -- Pennsylvania | Reformers -- Pennsylvania | Rogers, Henry D. (Henry Darwin), 1806-1866 | Science and technology | Sheafer, P. W. (Peter Wenrick), 1819-1891 | Slavery -- United States. | Social conditions, social advocacy, social reform | Sumner, Charles, 1811-1874 | United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 | United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 | Wilson, John Wall | |
| Author: | Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790 | Requires cookie* | | Title: | Benjamin Franklin Papers, 1642-1841
| | | Dates: | 1642-1841 | | | Abstract: | The Franklin papers contain several letters which refer to African Americans, particularly in regards to the need to abolish slavery and the establishment of a school for African American children. | | | Call #: | Mss.B.F85 | | | Extent: | 85.5 Linear Feet | | | |
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| | Subjects: | Abolition, emancipation, freedom | Account books. | American Philosophical Society | American Revolution | Americans Abroad | Bache, Catherine Wistar, 1770-1820 | Bache, Sarah Franklin, 1743-1808 | Business Records and Accounts | Business and Skilled Trades | Diaries. | Diplomatic History | Diplomatic Material | Electricity -- Early works to 1800 | Family Correspondence | France -- Foreign relations -- United States | Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790 | Franklin, Deborah Read Rogers, 1708-1774 | Franklin, William Temple, 1760-1823 | Franklin, William, 1731-1813 | General Correspondence | Government Affairs | Great Britain -- Foreign relations -- United States | Hays, I. Minis (Isaac Minis), 1847-1925 | Hodge, Sarah Bache, 1798-1849 | International Travel | Land and Speculation | Manuscript Essays | Marriage and Family Life | Mecom, Jane, 1712-1794 | Military History | Pen works | Pencil works | Pennsylvania -- History -- 18th century | Pennsylvania -- Politics and government -- 18th century | Pennsylvania History | Political Correspondence | Postal service -- United States | Printed Material | Printers -- Pennsylvania | Printing and Publishing | Scientific Correspondence | Slaves, slavery, slave trade | Social Life and Custom | Social conditions, social advocacy, social reform | United States -- Foreign relations -- France | United States -- Foreign relations -- Great Britain | United States -- History -- Colonial period, ca.1600-1775 | United States -- History -- French and Indian War, 1755-1763 | United States -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783 | United States -- Politics and government -- Colonial period, ca.1600-1775 | United States -- Politics and government -- Revolution, 1775-1783 | Williams, Jonathan, 1719-1796 | Williams, Jonathan, 1750-1815 | |
| Author: | Genetics Society of America. | Requires cookie* | | Title: | Genetics Society of America Records
| | | Dates: | 1921-1984 | | | Abstract: | Of special interest are the records and correspondence documenting the Committee on Genetics, Race, and Intelligence, 1974-1975, which was established to respond to Arthur Jensen and William Shockley. | | | Call #: | Mss.575.06.G28p | | | Extent: | 24.5 Linear Feet | | | |
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| | Subjects: | American Association for the Advancement of Science | American Institute of Biological Sciences | American Institute of Biological Sciences | American Philosophical Society | American Society of Zoologists | Atomic Energy Commission | Behavioral genetics, IQ | Biology | Biology, genetics, eugenics | Botanical Society of America | Botany and plant genetics | Committee activities | Conferences and symposia | Displaced German scholars | Dunn, L. C. (Leslie Clarence), 1893-1974 | Dunn, Leslie Clarence | Genetics | Genetics -- Societies, etc. | Genetics Society of America | Genetics Society of America -- Committee activities | Genetics Society of America -- Committee on Aid to Geneticists Abroad | Genetics Society of America -- Golden Jubilee | Genetics Society of America. Committee on Genetics, Race, and Intelligence | Glass, Bentley, 1906-2005 | History of biology, especially genetics | Human genetics | Human genetics -- Race | International Congress of Genetics | International Congress of Genetics -- Eighth Congress | International Congress of Genetics -- Eleven Congress | International Congress of Genetics -- Ninth Congress | International Congress of Genetics -- Seventh Congress | International Congress of Genetics -- Tenth Congress | International Congress of Genetics -- Thirteenth Congress | International Congress of Genetics -- Twelfth Congress | Jensen, Arthur Robert | Jensen, Arthur Robert | National Academy of Sciences | National Institutes of Health | National Research Council | National Science Foundation | Preservation of historical materials | Publication | Race | Race, race relations, racism | Russian politics and science | Scientific organizations, meetings, programs | Scientific refugees | Shockley, William | Travel -- Invitations, arrangements | World War II -- Impact on science | |
| Author: | Haldeman, Samuel Stehman, 1812-1880 | Requires cookie* | | Title: | Samuel Stehman Haldeman letters, 1859-1875
| | | Dates: | 1844-1875 | | | Abstract: | Students of African American history may find one of Haldeman's letters of interest: a December 1859 letter expresses Haldeman's disapproval of the Abolitionist activities of "negro stealing," and cites Samuel Morton's studies of the African's limited cranial capacity to justify American slavery. | | | Call #: | Mss.B.H129 | | | Extent: | 0.25 Linear Feet | | | |
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| | Subjects: | Abolition, emancipation, freedom | African Americans | Beetles. | Biology, genetics, eugenics | Entomology. | Haldeman, Samuel Stehman, 1812-1880 | LeConte, John L. (John Lawrence), 1825-1883 | Race, race relations, racism | Science. | Sedgwick, S. J. | |
| Author: | Hare, Robert, 1781-1858 | Requires cookie* | | Title: | Robert Hare papers, 1764-1858
| | | Dates: | 1764-1858 | | | Abstract: | In a series of essays originally rolled up as scrolls (Series II), Hare asserted that slavery was a positive good for slave, master, and community alike, but argued nevertheless that it be abolished gradually, with full compensation to slave owners, in favor of a free labor system marked by a pronounced racial subordination. | | | Call #: | Mss.B.H22 | | | Extent: | 3 Linear Feet | | | |
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| | Subjects: | Abolition, emancipation, freedom | African American | American Philosophical Society | Antebellum Politics | Antislavery movements -- Pennsylvania | Bache, Franklin (1792-1864) | Banks and banking -- United States. | Blasting, Submarine | Blowpipe. | Business Records and Accounts | Business and Skilled Trades | Capital punishment. | Chemical apparatus | Chemistry | Chemists -- Pennsylvania -- Philadelphia | Cyclones. | Early National Politics | Education | Educational Material | Electricity -- 19th century | Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 1803-1882 | Epidemics -- United States | Essays. | Federalist Party -- Pennsylvania | Fire extinction | Fisher, John, 1806-1882 | Fisher, Richard | General Correspondence | Guano | Hare, Robert, 1781-1858 | Kane , John K. (John Kintzing), 1795-1858 | Lectures | Literature | Literature, Arts, and Culture | Manuscript Essays | Mesmerism | Money | Paper money -- United States -- 19th century | Partridge, Charles | Philadelphia (Pa.) -- Politics and government -- 19th century | Poems | Powel, Samuel, Jr. | Race, race relations, racism | Railroads | Religion | Rome (Italy) -- Antiquities | Science and technology | Scientific Data | Silliman, Benjamin, 1779-1864 | Sketchbooks | Slaughtering and slaughter-houses -- United States -- 19th century | Slavery -- Pennsylvania. | Slaves, slavery, slave trade | Smithsonian Institution | Spiritualism -- Pennsylvania | Storms | Tornadoes | Travel Narratives and Journals | United States -- Politics and government -- 19th century | |
| Author: | Hare-Willing family. | Requires cookie* | | Title: | Hare-Willing Family Papers
| | | Dates: | 1724-1965 | | | Abstract: | Of particular interest to students of African American history are records of the First Colored Wesley Methodist Church of Philadelphia (receipt book, 1820-1848; minute book, 1827-1844). | | | Call #: | Mss.Ms.Coll.104 | | | Extent: | 52 Linear Feet | | | |
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| | Subjects: | Account books. | African American | African American churches -- United States | Americans Abroad | Banks and banking -- United States -- History -- 19th century. | Beale, Catherine C. | Beale, Charles Willing, 1845-1932 | Beale, Constance R. | Beale, Edward Fitzgerald | Binney, Horace, 1780-1875 | Business Records and Accounts | Business and Skilled Trades | Cassatt, Mary, 1844-1926 | Clark, John Innes | Dix, Dorothea Lynde, 1802-1887 | Early National Politics | Education | Educational Material | Family Correspondence | First Colored Wesley Methodist Church of Philadelphia. | Flint (Ship) | General Correspondence | Hare, Charles Willing, 1871-1942 | Hare, Ellen Mary Cassatt | Hare, Emily P. Beale, 1848-1935 | Hare, Esther Binney, 1873-1967 | Hare, Esther Coxe Binney | Hare, George Harrison | Hare, Horace Binney | Hare, Horace Binney, 1843-1879 | Hare, Horace Binney, 1876-1956 | Hare, John Innes Clark, 1816-1905 | Hare, Margaret Willing, 1753-1816 | Hare, Robert, 1752-1811 | Hare, Robert, 1781-1858 | Hare, Robert, 1869-1875 | Hare, Thomas Truxtun, 1878-1956 | Hare-Willing family. | Harvard University | Institutional Records | International Travel | Journals (notebooks). | Law | Legal Records | Letterbooks. | Mac Veagh, Margaret | Meigs, Ellen Mary Cassatt Hare | Minutes. | Miscellaneous | Natural history | Notebooks | Perry-Smith, Oliver, 1884-1969 | Philadelphia (Pa.) -- Social life and customs. | Philadelphia (Pa.). -- Councils. -- Common Council. | Philadelphia History | Receipt books. | Religion | Religion, religious organizations | Roosevelt, Theodore, 1858-1919 | San Francisco (Calif.) -- Description and travel. | Science -- United States -- 19th century. | Science and technology | Scrapbooks. | Smith, Stuart Farrar, 1874-1951 | Social conditions, social advocacy, social reform | Steam-engines. | Titantic (Steamship) | Travel | Travel Narratives and Journals | United States (Ship) | United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865. | West (U.S.) -- Description and travel. | Willing, Thomas, 1731-1821 | Women's History | World War I | World War II | |
| Author: | Hymes, Dell H. | Requires cookie* | | Title: | Dell H. Hymes Papers
| | | Dates: | 1885-2006 | | | Abstract: | The following materials may be of interest to scholars of African American history:
Baugh, John. Manuscript Materials. n.d. 5 folders (Approximately 105 pages). Typed materials of Baugh, a former student of Hymes, concerning African American language dialects--standard African American English and African American vernacular English. Includes several research proposals: "Black English Style Shifting," "Formal Refinement of the Notion for Rules within the Labovian Variable Paradigm," "Linguistic Characteristics of Afro-American Ethnicity Detection: Targets for the Acquisition of Standard English," "The Social Stratification of Black and Hispanic English;" and, a survey which was published in the Annual Review of Anthropology (1983): "A survey of Afro-American English." | | | Call #: | Mss.Ms.Coll.55 | | | Extent: | ca. 176 Linear Feet | | | |
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| | Subjects: | Aberle, David F., 1918- | American Academy of Arts and Sciences | American Anthropological Association | American Association of Applied Linguistics | American Folklore Society | Anthropologists -- United States. | Anthropology, ethnography, fieldwork | Austerlitz, Robert, 1923-1994 | Basso, Keith, 1940- | Baugh, John | Bauman, Richard | Ben-Amos, Dan | Bennett, Ruth S. | Bernstein, Basil | Bright, William, 1928-2006 | Burke, Kenneth,1897-1993 | Cambridge University Press | Cathlamet dialect | Cazden, Courtney, 1925- | Chinookan languages | Chomsky, Noam | Cowgill, George L. | Creole dialects | Diamond, Stanley | Douglas, Mary, 1921- | Dozier, Edward, 1916-1971 | Driver, Harold | Duranti, Alessandro, 1950- | Durbin, Marshall | Dyk, Walter, 1899-1972 | Embree, Lester | Fought, John. | Frake, Charles O. | French, David H. | Friedrich , Paul | Fromm, Erich,1900-1980 | Goffman, Erving | Goodenough, Ward Hunt | Gregorian, Vartan, 1934- | Grimshaw, Allen D. | Gumperz, John J. (John Joseph), 1922-2013 | Haas, Mary R. (Mary Rosamond), 1910-1996 | Harris, Marvin, 1927-2001 | Harris, Zellig S. (Zellig Sabbettai), 1909-1992 | Hiz, Henry T. | Hockett, Charles, 1916- | Hoenigswald, Henry M., 1915-20 | Hoijer, Harry, 1904-1976 | Hymes, Dell H. | Indians of North America -- Ethnology | Indians of North America -- Languages | Indians of North America -- Northwest Coast | Indians of North America -- Oregon | Irvine, Judith. | Jacobs, Melville, 1902-1971 | Jakobson, Roman, 1896-1982 | Koerner, E.F. Konrad, | Kroeber, A. L. (Alfred Louis), 1876-1960 | Kroeber, Theodora | Labov, William, 1927- | Language in Society | Language, linguistics | Languages, Mixed | Lévi-Strauss, Claude | Linguistic Society of America. | Linguistics | Lounsbury, Floyd Glenn | Martin, Paul S., 1899-1974 | McDermott, Ray | Mead, Margaret, 1901-1978 | Mintz, Sidney Wilfred | Mouton Publishers | Nader, Laura, 1930- | Neustupny, Jiri | Nida, Eugene A. | Philips, Susan U. | Pidgin languages | Race, race relations, racism | Ramsey, Jarold | Rigsby, Bruce Joseph | Sankoff, Gillian | Sapir, J. David | Sapir, Philip | Schneider, David M., 1918-1995 | Scholte, Bob, 1902-1983 | Sebeok, Thomas A., 1920-2001 | Shahaptian languages | Sherzer, Joel. | Shuy, Roger W. | Silverstein, Michael | Snyder, Gary, 1930- | Social Science Research Council. Institute in Law and Social Relations | Stocking, George W. | Sturtevant, William C. | Swadesh, Morris, 1909-1967 | Szwed, John F. | Tax, Sol, 1907-1995 | Tedlock, Dennis, 1939- | Toelken, Barre, 1935- | University of Pennsylvania Press | University of Pennsylvania-Annenberg School of Communication | University of Pennsylvania-Department of Anthropology | University of Pennsylvania-Department of Folklore & Folklife | University of Pennsylvania-Department of Linguistics | University of Pennsylvania-Department of Sociology | University of Pennsylvania-Graduate School of Education | University of Pennsylvania. | Voegelin, C.F. (Charles Freder | Wallace, Anthony F. C., 1923-2015 | Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research | Worth, Sol, 1922-1977 | |
| Author: | Jackson, Isaac | Requires cookie* | | Title: | Isaac Jackson Letterbooks
| | | Dates: | 1839-1843 | | | Abstract: | A rich source of material on plantation management and the transition from a system of forced labor to free labor. | | | Call #: | Mss.B.J134 | | | Extent: | 3 volume(s) | | | |
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| | Subjects: | Abolition, emancipation, freedom | Allen, Robert | Belvidere (Plantation : Jamaica) | Beyond Early America | Campbell's Copse (Plantation : Jamaica) | Campbell, Alexander | Dunlap, Alexander | Flint River (Plantation : Jamaica) | Freedmen -- Jamaica | Gardiner, Edmund | Gibraltar Estates (Plantation : Jamaica) | Hawthorn and Shedden | Heath, William | Heaven and Co. | Hislop, L. | Jackson, Isaac | Jamaica -- History | James, Philip Haughton | Kembles and Trower | Knott, William H. | Kynaston, Roger | Labor -- Jamaica | Letterbooks | Lyon, David | McNeil, J. | Montpelier (Plantation : Jamaica) | Paradise (Plantation : Jamaica) | Plantations | Plantations -- Jamaica | Seaford, Charles Rose Ellis, 1st Baron | Slaves, slavery, slave trade | Sugar -- Jamaica | Weekes, Rebecca Ann | Wilson, Frances E. | |
| Author: | Kane, Elisha Kent, 1820-1857 | Requires cookie* | | Title: | Elisha Kent Kane Papers
| | | Dates: | 1810-1953 | | | Abstract: | Among the most popular of American explorers of the mid-nineteenth century, Kane visited Africa in 1846 aboard the frigate United States. The Kane collection contains a variety of fascinating materials relating to the slave trade and plight of African Americans in the nineteenth century. The papers consist of manuscript materials entitled "Journal of a Trip to Africa," "Slave voyage notebook," and "Whydah slave trade." Also, there are two "Africa: miscellaneous" folders which include an essay on the commercial policy and history of the Gold Coast, along with quantitative data for the years 1820-1843 regarding the repatriation of African Americans to Liberia. | | | Call #: | Mss.B.K132 | | | Extent: | 6.75 Linear Feet | | | |
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| | Subjects: | Abolition, emancipation, freedom | Africa | Africa -- Description and travel | Americans Abroad | Arctic Indians | Arctic regions -- Discovery and exploration | Arctic regions-Pictorial works | Asia Minor -- Description and travel | Bills. | Blockley Hospital (Philadelphia, Pa.) | China -- Foreign relations -- United States | Colonization, repatriation | Cracroft, Sophia, 1816-1892 | Egypt -- Description and travel | Engravings. | Exploration | Exploration. | Explorers -- United States | Family Correspondence | Fox, Margaret, 1833-1893 | Franklin, John, Sir, 1786-1847 | General Correspondence | Geometry -- Study and teaching | Grinnell Expedition, 1st, 1850-1851 | Grinnell Expedition, 2d, 1853-1855 | Grinnell, Henry, 1799-1874 | Henry, Joseph, 1797-1878 | Hospitals -- Pennsylvania | Indians of North America -- Nunavut | International Travel | Inuit -- Canada | Inuit -- Greenland | Inuit -- Nunavut -- Baffin Island | Journals (notebooks) | Kane, Elisha Kent, 1820-1857 | Kane, Jane Duval Leiper | Kennedy, John Pendleton, 1795- | Lectures | Letterbooks | Liberia -- Description and travel | Logbooks | Maps. | Marriage and Family Life | Medicine -- Practice -- Pennsylvania | Medicine -- Study and teaching -- Pennsylvania | Meteorology -- Arctic Regions | Mexico -- Description and travel | Mineralogy -- Study and teaching | North Carolina -- Description and travel | Northwest Passage | Notebooks | Obstetrics | Philadelphia (Pa.) -- Hospitals | Philadelphia. General Hospital | Plantations | Receipts | Silhouettes | Sketches. | Slave trade -- Africa | Slaves, slavery, slave trade | Social Life and Custom | Travel Narratives and Journals | United States -- Foreign relations -- China | United States. Navy | Watercolors | |
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